• Title/Summary/Keyword: biomechanics

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The Analysis of Foot Pressure and Lap Time for the Development of Korean Bobsleigh Shoes (한국형 봅슬레이화 개발을 위한 구간 시간과 족저압력 분석)

  • Park, Jong-Jin;Kim, Kyung-Hun;Park, Seung-Bum
    • Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.465-474
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    • 2015
  • Objective : A study and development of Korean Bobsleigh athletes's shoe which considers their physical condition has yet to be completed. So this study examines the effects of running shoes used by athletes based on plantar pressure and sprint time in order to provide raw data for the development of bobsleigh shoes suitable for Koreans. Method : The study selected seven bobsleigh athletes as subjects and selected three pairs of spiked running shoes from three companies, which will be referred to as Company N (Type A), Company A (Type B), and Company M (Type C). To analyze sprint time and plantar pressure for each shoe, the subject of the study were instructed to wear the selected shoes and to drag a sled at maximum sprint for 15 meters for 15 meters for in each condition that would be in real bobsleigh competitions. Results : The average sprint intervals for each athlete in each pair of shoes revealed Type C produce the fastest sprint in the order of Type C < Type A< Type B. Shoe Type C also had the largest contact area in order of Type C > Type B > Type A (p<.01). None of the three shoe types seem to yield a distinct advantage in terms of maximum average pressure or maximum pressure. Conclusion : In the future, functional analysis should be carried out by comparing the material properties, hardness, and toe spring of shoes based on the Type C shoe from Company M in order to develop bobsleigh shoes suitable for Koreans.

Kinematics and Kinetics of the Lower Limbs of a Walking Shoe with a Plate Spring and Cushioning Elements in the Heel during Walking

  • Park, Seung-Bum;Stefanyshyn, Darren;Pro, Stergiou;Fausto, Panizzolo;Kim, Yong-Jae;Lee, Kyung-Deuk
    • Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.13-23
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    • 2010
  • The purposes of this study was to investigate the biomechanical influence of the walking shoe with a plate spring in the heel and interchangeable heel cushioning elements. Eighteen subjects walked in three conditions: 1) the walking shoes Type A-1 with a soft heel insert, 2) the Type A-2 shoe with a stiff heel insert, 3) a general walking shoe(Type B). Ground reaction forces, leg movements, leg muscle activity and ankle, knee and hip joint loading were measured and calculated during overground walking. During walking, the ankle is a few degrees more dorsiflexed during landing and the knee is slightly more flexed during takeoff with the Type A shoes. As a result of the changes in the walking movement, the ground reaction forces are applied more quickly and the peak magnitudes are higher. Muscle activity of the quadricep, hamstring and calf muscles decrease during the first 25% of the stance phase when walking in the Type A shoes. The resultant joint moments at the ankle, knee and hip joints decrease from 30-40% with the largest reductions occurring during landing.

Anatomy, Biomechanics and Physical Examination of Foot and Ankle (족부 및 족관절의 해부학, 생역학 및 신체 검사)

  • Hur, Chang-Yong;Kim, Hak Jun
    • The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.32-37
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    • 2010
  • Ultrasonographic diagnosis and treatment in Orthopaedic fields had been widely used. Sonographic diagnosis and treatment of foot and ankle is convenient because of anatomical characteristics. The knowledge of the anatomy and biomechanics in foot and ankle area can help to diagnose and treat the disease around foot and ankle. 28 bone and many tendons, ligaments and muscles are consist of ankle and foot joint and the coordinative relation among these structures can allow the dual function, weight bearing and locomotion of ankle and foot during gait cycle. Foot and ankle have small room for many structures, so systemically physical examination is essential for diagnosis. Accurate understanding of foot and ankle anatomy and biomechanics could be helpful to using ultrasonograph.

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Bilateral Differences of Knee Kinematics and Kinetics in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstructed Females during Landing and Cutting

  • Chang, Eun Wook
    • Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.175-180
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    • 2018
  • Objective: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) has been considered the primary treatment for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injured patient. However, there is little biomechanical evidence regarding bilateral knee joint biomechanics during landing and cutting task after ACLR. Method: Eighteen females with ACLR participated in this investigation. Double leg jump landing (DLJL) and single leg jump cut (SLJC) biomechanics were assessed. Results: During DLJL, the healthy knee showed greater knee valgus angle at initial contact ($^{\circ}$) compared to the injured knee (Injured: $2.93{\pm}2.59$, Healthy: $4.20{\pm}2.46$, t=2.957, p=0.009). There was a significant difference in anterior tibial shear force ($N{\times}N^{-1}$) with greater in the injured knee (Injured: $1.41{\pm}0.39$, Healthy: $1.30{\pm}0.35$, t=2.201, p=0.042). During SLJC, injured knee showed greater knee extension moment ($N^*m{\times}[N^*m]^{-1}$) compared to healthy knee (Injured: $0.51{\pm}0.19$, Healthy: $0.47{\pm}0.17$, t=2.761, p=0.013). However, there was no significant differences between the knees in the other variables. Conclusion: ACLRfemales exhibited a greater knee valgus angle at initial contact and lesser anterior tibial shear force on the healthy knee during double leg jump landing. In addition, ACLR females showed a greater knee extension moment on the injured knee during single leg jump cut.

Evaluation of Landing Impact Characteristics of Sport Shoes in Running by finite Element Analysis (유한요소 해석을 통한 스포츠화의 런닝 시 착지충격 특성평가)

  • Kim, Sung-Ho;Cho, Jin-Rae;Lee, Shi-Bok;Park, Seung-Bum
    • Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.217-225
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    • 2009
  • Recently, intensive research efforts are world-widely forced on the development of sport shoes improving both the injury protection and the playing performance by taking kinesiology and biomechanics into consideration. However, the success of this goal depends definitely on the reliable evaluation of the dynamic responses of sport shoes and human foot, particularly the landing impact characteristics. It is because the landing impact force is a main source of unexpected injuries and influences the playing performance in court sport activities. This paper addresses the application of finite element method to the evaluation of landing impact characteristics of barefoot and several representative court sport shoes in running. In order to accurately reflect the coupling effect between human foot and shoes accurately, we construct a fully coupled three-diemensional foot-shoe FEM model which does not rely on the independent experimental data any more. Through the numerical simulation, we assessed the reliability of the numerical FEM model by comparing with the experimental results and investigated the landing impact characteristics, such as GRF, MIF, acceleration and frequency responses, of representative court sport shoes.