• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.207-210
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• 2000

As a typical example of the screening for a microbial biocatalyst from nature, isolation of nitrilesynthesizing microorganisms, characterization of a new enzyme aldoxime dehydratase, and its function in the aldoxime-nitrile pathway are introduced. Catalytic properties of some of our enzymes were improved through a direct evolutionary approach.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.2 no.1_2
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• pp.43-53
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• 1987

Among the environmental toxic metals, cadmium and lead compounds are very hazard for human health because these may affect the biological function of human body and furthermore enhance the cause of various disease. In recent years, as the view of environmental toxicology, the combination of toxic metals suffering human health is especially significant cadmium chloride (10 mg/kg P. 0., 1 mg/kg I.P.) and lead acetate (20 mg/kg P.O., 2 mg/kg I.P.) were administered to rats for 4 weeks on alternate days and then examined the effect of these on body weight, tissue weight and also biochemical function in blood and tissue were investigated and comparision of the two experimental groups such as single and combined administration. According to the results of this experiment, accumulation of heavy metals increased and biological metabolic function grew worse but, in tissue, toxic effect decreased by combined administration and intraperitoneal administration was more toxic than per OS.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 1997

Many disorders in neuropsychiatric field demonstrate variable motor disturbances as their clinical feature or in their courses of illness and also due to psychopharmacological treatment. Although association of such motor disturbances with the pathophysiological aspect of various neuropsychiatric illness are still lacking, some form of motor disturbance offer a window through which pathophysiologic mechanism of such illnesses can be viewed. Cognitive control of motor functions are briefly reviewed in this article and the importance and method of motor function assessment in major neuropsychiatric disorders are also discussed. Motor dysfunction of major neuropsychiatric illness such as schizophrenia and mood disorders may offer a chance of a deeper understanding on the pathophysiologic aspect of their clinical presentation.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.89-101
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• 2016

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a safe, noninvasive and useful technique for exploring brain function. Especially, for the study of cognition, the technique can modulate a cognitive performance if the targeted area is engaged, because TMS has an effect on cortical network. The effect of TMS can vary depending on the frequency, intensity, and timing of stimulation. In this paper, we review the studies with TMS targeting various regions for evaluation of cognitive function. Cognitive functions, such as attention, working memory, semantic decision, discrimination and social cognition can be improved or deteriorated according to TMS stimulation protocols. Furthermore, potential therapeutic applications of TMS, including therapy in a variety of illness and research into cortical localization, are discussed.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.49-59
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the recovery time and its related factors after sedative gastroscopy. Method: The subjects of this study consisted of 103 clients. The data were collected from clients who visited a health care system at S national university hospital in Seoul. The sedative gastroscopy was performed by gastrointestinal endoscopists. Patients' demographics and medical characteristics were assessed by reviewing the patients' charts. Degree of sedation and recovery were assessed by the Ramsay's sedation scale and the Aldrete score, respectively. Result: The mean recovery time was $37.8{\pm}16.9$ minutes(range, 5 to 90 minutes). Hypoxia was resent in four clients during recovery. Alcohol intake(p=0.02) and pulmonary function(p=0.003) were significant factors affecting recovery time, whereas midazolam dose and sedation level were not. Conclusion: Current alcohol intake, pulmonary function were predicting factors on recovery time.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.19-36
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• 2018

Overstock in aquaculture is a matter of concern in aquaculture management. To sort fish based on fingerling size in case of overstocking is an important problem in aquaculture farm. This study aims to determine the amount of fry overstock and sorting time in aquaculture farm. This study builds a mathematical model that finds the value of decision variables to optimize objective function summing up the fingerling purchasing cost, aquaculture farm operating cost and feeding cost under mortality and farming period constraints. The proposed mathematical model involves following biological and economical variables and coefficients: (1) number of fingerlings, (2) sorting time, (3) fish growth rate and variation, (4) mortality, (5) price of a fry (6) feeding cost, and (7) possible sorting periods. Numerical simulation is presented herein. The objective of numerical simulation is to provide decision makers to analyse and comprehend the proposed model. When extensive biological data about growth function of fry becomes available, the proposed model can be widely applicable to real aquaculture farms.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.1452-1459
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• 2007

The Dps protein, which is overexpressed in harsh environments, is known to playa critical role in the protection of DNA against oxidative stresses. In this study, the roles of Fur in the expression of the dps gene in Salmonella and the protection mechanisms against oxidative stress in Salmonella cells preexposed to iron-stress were investigated. Two putative Fur boxes were predicted within the promoter region of the S. typhimurium dps gene. The profile of dps expression performed by the LacZ reporter assay revealed growth-phase dependency regardless of iron-status under the culture conditions. The fur mutant, $_X4659$, evidenced a reduced level of ${\beta}$-galactosidase as compared to the wild-type strain. The results observed after the measurement of the Dps protein in various Salmonella regulatory mutants were consistent with the results acquired in the reporter assay. This evidence suggested that Fur performs a function as a subsidiary regulator in the expression of dps. The survival ability of Salmonella strains after exposure to oxidative stress demonstrated that the Dps protein performs a pivotal function in the survival of stationary-phase S. typhimurium against oxidative stress. Salmonella cells grown in iron-restricted condition required Dps for full protection against oxidative stress. The CK24 (${\Delta}dps$) cells grown in iron-replete condition survived at a rate similar to that observed in the wild-type strain, thereby suggesting the induction of an unknown protection mechanism(s) other than Dps in this condition.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.574-578
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• 2010

Archaebacteria Sulfolobus acidocaldarius contains the highly thermophilic cytochrome P450 enzyme (CYP119). CYP119 possesses stable enzymatic activity at up to $85^{\circ}C$. However, this enzyme is still considered as an orphan P450 without known physiological function with endogenous or xenobiotic substrates. We characterized the regioselectivity of lauric acid by CYP119 using the auxiliary redox partner proteins putidaredoxin (Pd) and putidaredoxin reductase (PdR). Purified CYP119 protein showed a tight binding affinity to lauric acid ($K_d=1.1{\pm}0.1{\mu}M$) and dominantly hydroxylated (${\omega}-1$) position of lauric acid. We determined the steady-state kinetic parameters; $k_{cat}$ was 10.8 $min^{-1}$ and $K_m$, was 12 ${\mu}M$. The increased ratio to $\omega$-hydroxylated production of lauric acid catalyzed by CYP119 was observed with increase in the reaction temperature. These studies suggested that the regioselectivity of CYP119 provide the critical clue for the physiological enzyme function in this thermophilic archaebacteria. In addition, regioselectivity control of CYP119 without altering its thermostability can lead to the development of novel CYP119-based catalysts through protein engineering.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.9
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• pp.1355-1362
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• 2019

Objective: S100A7A, a member of the S100 protein family, is involved in various biological processes, including innate immunity, antimicrobial function, and epithelial tumorigenesis. However, the expression and function of S100A7A in the endometrium during the estrous cycle and pregnancy are not well understood in pigs. Therefore, this study determined the expression and regulation of S100A7A at the maternal-conceptus interface in pigs. Methods: We obtained endometrial tissues from pigs throughout the estrous cycle and pregnancy, conceptus tissues during early pregnancy, and chorioallantoic tissues during midto late pregnancy and analyzed the expression of S100A7A in these tissues. We also determined the effects of steroid hormones, estradiol-$17{\beta}$ ($E_2$) and progesterone, and interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL1B) on S100A7A expression in endometrial tissues. Results: We found that S100A7A was expressed in the endometrium during the estrous cycle and pregnancy in a pregnancy status- and stage-dependent manner and was localized to endometrial luminal epithelial (LE) and superficial glandular epithelial cells with strong intensity in LE cells on day 12 of pregnancy. Early stage conceptuses and chorioallantoic tissues from day 30 to term pregnancy also expressed S100A7A. The expression of S100A7A was increased by $E_2$ and IL1B in endometrial tissues. Conclusion: S100A7A was expressed at the maternal-conceptus interface at the initiation of implantation in response to conceptus-derived estrogen and IL1B and could be a unique endometrial epithelial marker for conceptus implantation in pigs. These findings provide an important insight into the understanding of conceptus-endometrial interactions for the successful establishment of pregnancy in pigs.

• Proceedings of the Microbiological Society of Korea Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.214.1-214
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• 2005