• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.109-119
• /
• 2023

PURPOSE: The definition and scope of biofeedback are broad and lack a clear framework. Therefore, efforts are needed to clearly understand the exact range and definition of biofeedback based on the research and development conducted to date. Thus, the purpose of this study was to arrive at the definition and scope of biofeedback through a literature review and analysis of its application methods. METHODS: This study is a systematic literature review conducted to understand the various types and effects of biofeedback. International databases such as Google Scholar and PubMed were used. Domestic databases utilized for keyword searches included the Research Information Sharing Service (RISS) and the National Digital Science Library (NDSL). Quality assessment of the selected studies in the selection process was done using the Cochrane risk of bias, and the research was analyzed according to the population, intervention, control, and outcomes (PICO) format. RESULTS: Studies conducted between 2019 and 2021 were selected, with 4 papers falling under physiological classifications and 7 under biomechanical classifications. The quality assessment results showed that random sequence generation, allocation concealment, performance bias, and reporting bias were unclear. Detection bias was moderate, and attrition bias and other biases were low. Out of the 11 papers, 9 dealt with physical function outcomes, 5 with daily life activities, and 3 with mental functions. CONCLUSION: Physiological biofeedback tended to influence psychological factors more than physical functions, while biomechanical biofeedback tended to have a positive impact on physical functions.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.45 no.1
• /
• pp.251-256
• /
• 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to report the short-term blood pressure-lowering effects observed in a patient with malignant hypertension through slow breathing maneuver with heart rate variability(HRV) biofeedback. Methods: Biofeedback sessions, totaling 13, each lasting 10 minutes, were administered. Blood pressure was measured pre and post-treatment, as well as thrice daily at 10 am, 4 pm, and 8 pm. Systolic blood pressure(SBP), diastolic blood pressure(DBP), and pulse rate were recorded for comparative analysis. Results: Before biofeedback, the average SBP, DBP, and pulse rate were 227.2±18.3, 135.2±11.0, and 104.4±5.3, respectively. Immediately post-biofeedback, these values changed to 213.7±15.2, 126.9±8.5, and 99.2±3.6. However, sustained long-term blood pressure reduction was not observed. Conclusions: The findings suggest that biofeedback therapy induces a short-term reduction in blood pressure in cases of malignant hypertension, potentially associated with autonomic nervous system regulation. Integrating biofeedback with other Korean medicine treatments, such as acupuncture or moxibustion, may offer a comprehensive approach for managing malignant hypertension.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.325-331
• /
• 2015

Purpose: This study attempts to understand the effect of stabilization exercise of biofeedback scapular on muscle activity and functional evaluation of the upper extremity in stroke patients. Methods: Patients were divided into two groups; a biofeedback scapular stabilization exercise group comprised of 8 patients and a task-oriented training group including another 8 patients, and 30-minute exercise was performed 5 times a week for 8 weeks. Electromyogram was used to measure muscular activity of lower trapezius, deltoid middle, and serratus anterior. Fugl-Meyer Assessment and Manual Function Test were used to evaluate functions of the muscles mentioned. Results: Significant difference was observed in the comparison group before and after exercise in muscular activity of lower trapezius, deltoid middle, and serratus anterior, Fugl-Meyer Assessment, and Manual Function Test. Conclusion: Therefore, we could see that biofeedback scapular stabilization exercise is more effective than task-oriented training in facilitating muscle activation and functional capacity of upper limb.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
• /
• v.1997 no.05
• /
• pp.453-456
• /
• 1997

In this paper, we present the developement of Biofeedback system. Biofeedback is a method for learned control of physiological response of the body. It can be used to control certain biological response that cause health problems. Over the past 2 decades, biofeedback has received much attention from medicine as a cure-all for a variety of disease. It has been heralded as a technique that can provide normalization of disturbed physiology without the need for drugs or surgery and their attendant negative side effects. Biofeedback system has been implemented by using PIC microprocessor. We have displayed 5-channel value on PC and managed patient information by using Delphi.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.432-442
• /
• 2001

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of biofeedback exercise training on muscle activity and activities of daily livings (ADL) in hemiplegic patients. An experimental group consisting of 17 people, was given biofeedback exercise training for 30- 60 minutes per week for 5 weeks, while a control group consisting of 18 people, was given normal exercise with quasi-experimental design. Result: The results of the study show that biofeedback exercise is effective for improving muscle activity in hemiplegic patients, especially in the hemiplegic limbs. However, this study found no significant differences in ADL and IADL between the experimental and the control groups. It implies that ADL and IADL may not be improved for a short period of time, such as 5 weeks, for people with more than five years of hemiplegia. The study suggests that the effect of biofeedback exercise on ADL and IADL should be determined in hemiplegic patients in acute stage.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.65-70
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of electromyographic (EMG)-Biofeedback using closed kinetic chain exercise (EB-CKCE) on quadriceps angle (Q-angle) and quadriceps muscle activation and muscle activation ratio in subjects with patellofemoral pain syndrome and to provide fundamental information on rehabilitation exercise in patellofemoral pain syndrome. Methods: Thirty participants who met the criteria were included. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups: control group (Group I, n=10), semi-squat exercise group (Group II, n=10), and EMG-Biofeedback using closed kinetic chain exercise group (Group III, n=10). Intervention was provided to each group for eight weeks (three times per week; 30 minutes per day). Subjects were measured on Q-angle and quadriceps muscle activation. Results: Significant difference in Q-angle and quadriceps muscle activation was observed in groups II and III compared with control group I (p<0.01). Results of post-hoc analysis showed a significant difference in Q-angle and quadriceps muscle activation in on group III compared with groups I and II. Conclusion: Findings of this study suggest that closed kinetic chain exercise using EMG-Biofeedback that provides real-time biofeedback information on muscle contraction may have a beneficial effect on improvement of Q-angle and quadriceps muscle activation in patellofemoral pain syndrome.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.38 no.6
• /
• pp.867-870
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The authors would like to introduce two patients who presented with velopharyngeal inadequacy. We emphasize the importance of nasaopharyngeal endoscopy in evaluating the velopharyngeal function and the usefulness of biofeedback trial therapy. Methods: Two patients visited our clinic due to velopharyngeal inadequacy. Both of the patients showed hypernasality, nasal emission and compensatory articulation such as glottal stop. During oral examination and nasopharyngeal endoscopy both showed no evidence of structural deformities. One inconsistently showed a small gap during articulation. The other showed a rather large gap during compensatory articulation. Both received a simultaneous biofeedback trial therapy using the nasopharyngeal endoscope. Results: Both patients were successfully diagnosed and treated at once using biofeedback trial therapy with nasopharyngeal endoscopy. By giving direct visual feedback to the patient, they were both able to achieve complete velopharyngeal closure during production of 2~3 nonsence syllables and hypernasality was not detected in both of them. Conclusion: The authors were able to help patients with velopharyngeal inadequacy to have velopharyngeal closure through biofeedback trial therapy. The accurate evaluation of velopharyngeal function and the possibility of closure prevented unnecessary operations.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.201-208
• /
• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of visual biofeedback training on the recovery of balance function in stroke patients. Methods: A total of 30 patients with stroke were chosen as the subjects of this study. The subjects were randomly divided into either the visual biofeedback balance training group (experimental group; n=15) or the general balance training group (control group; n=15). The visual biofeedback balance training and general balance training were implemented for 30 minutes a day, three times a week, for a total of four weeks. The subjects' balance ability was measured before and after the interventions. Results: The shift length and surface area of the center of the body decreased in both the experimental group and the control group, with the difference being statistically significant. The shift length and surface area of the center of the body both decreased more in the experimental group than in the control group, and there was a statistically significant between-group difference. Conclusion: The experimental group showed a greater improvement in terms of the balance ability of patients with stroke than the control group. Therefore, we believe that visual biofeedback balance training can be effectively applied for the improvement of balance ability in patients with stroke.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.101-111
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to determine EMG biofeedback training effect on the muscle activities in 3 unilateral facial palsy patients along with multiple baseline design across subjects. The auditory feedback about facial muscles (orbicularis oris, orbicularis oculi, frontalis) was provided with each patient during facial exercise training. Electromyographic (EMG) activity during maximal voluntary contraction and maximal compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude elected by supramaximal electrical stimulation on facial nerve of facial muscles were measured pre- and post- EMG biofeedback training to evaluate motor learning. EMG activity during maximal voluntary contraction was increased after EMG biofeedback training and CMAP amplitude elected by supramaximal electrical stimulation was not changed in all subjects. The results indicate that EMG biofeedback training is useful method to improve motor learning of facial excercise training in unilateral facial palsy patients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.213-224
• /
• 2004

Purpose: This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of progressive muscle relaxation training using biofeedback on perceived stress, stress response, immune response and climacteric symptoms, Method: This was a crossover, pre-post test design, The study subjects are 36 middle-aged women who were selected at 2 public health centers, The independent variable was Biofeedback training for 4 weeks, twice a week and home training for 4 weeks, Dependent variables were perceived stress, stress response, immune response, and climacteric symptoms measured with Hildtch's scale (1996), Result: Progressive muscle relaxation training using biofeedback was not effective in reducing perceived stress, but it was shown to be effective in reducing physiological stress responses such as pulse rate and EMG, Though blood pressure and skin conductance were repeatedly down, and skin temperature slowly increased, there were no statistically significant differences. Progressive muscle relaxation training using biofeedback was not effective in reducing serum cortisol, enhancing immune responses, or decreasing climacteric symptoms. Conclusion: The findings point to a pressing need for further, well-controlled and designed research with consideration in selection of subjects and instruments, frequency of measurements, the sampling method, and intervention modalities.