• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.83-89
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• 1988

The Fucales plants have very homogenous taxonomic characteristics at order level, but show many morphological variatations at species or subspecies levels. This study is one of the serial works to obtain more taxonomic data than morphotaxonomic ones and to clarify the taxonomic ranks and characteristics of Korean Fucales plants through physiological and biochemical analyses. Total lipid compositions of Korean Fucales plants were analyzed by the 3-dimensional TLC method. Major components of phospholipids (PA, PC, PG, PE, DPG, LPE, LPC), neutral fat TG and sterols were commonly contained in each species. Unknown lipids X1, X2 and X3 were contained in genus Sargassum, but Hizikia was lacking X3 and Myagropsis was lacking both X2 and X3. The latter contained unique X8. From the view-point of the phylogeny of lipid metabolism, Sargassum might be more closely related to Hizikia than to Myagropsis. A variant of S. patens from Seongsan showed minute metabolic difference from that of the typical plant; but a variant of S. serratifolium did not show any significant difference from that of the typical plant.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.259-265
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• 2013

This study was conducted June 2011 at Gamo Lagoon, after tsunami of March 2011, to estimate food sources and utilization. The results show that the tsunami affected the sediment properties by changing the physical environmental alterations. The fatty acids of the gut content of Nuttallia olivacea mostly comprised the same organic matter found in the sediment. Fatty acids in the tissues showed mainly diatoms, bacteria, and dinoflagellates. That is, most of the food sources (i.e., diatoms, bacteria, dinoflagellates, macroalgae, and terrestrial organic matter) probably pass through the digestive system unharmed; however, terrestrial organic matter, which is refractory to biochemical degradation, indicated a different assimilation trend between the gut content and the tissue. This result suggests that input of labile organic matter from the sediment may control selective metabolism in N. olivacea. From these results, although the physical environment of sediment characteristics by tsunami changed, the food utilization of N. olivacea suggested a better assimilation of selected components from the gut content, irrespective of physical alteration.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.1793-1797
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• 2009

Soft lithography of polydimethyl-siloxane (PDMS), an elastomeric polymer, has enabled rapid and inexpensive fabrications of microfluidic devices for various biochemical and bioanalytical applications. However, fabrications of nanostructured PDMS components such as nanoslits remain extremely challenging because of deformation of PDMS material. One of the well-known issues is the unwanted contact between the surfaces of PDMS roof and bottom substrate, called ‘roof collapse’. Here we have developed a novel approach for the facile stabilization of PDMS nanoslits in the low height (130 nm)/width (100 $\mu$m) ratio without roof-collapse. Within 130 nm high nanoslits, we demonstrate the confinement of single DNA molecules. We believe that this approach will serve as a key to utilize PDMS as nanoslits for integrated microfluidic devices.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.191-197
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• 1998

Garlic is an important condimental vegetable which has many minerals and numerous organic sulfur compounds. Owing to these components, garlic has many medicinal properties and physiological activities on human health. It can lower sect lipid levels and reduce the severity of cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis. And it appeals to protect against mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. Today's our eating habit is concentrated on the physiological function in floods rather than their taste or mutagenic. To improve garlic's value as a flood or a vegetable, further scientific researches about its volatile and nonvolatile sulfur compounds through the biochemical approach are needed. In addition to that, both areas that the development of garlic-processed goods and utilization of garlic as materials for medicine must be actively studied.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.211-215
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• 2009

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a critical role in sensing microbial components and inducing innate immune and inflammatory responses by recognizing invading microbial pathogens. Lipopolysaccharide-induced dimerization of TLR4 is required for the activation of downstream signaling pathways including nuclear factor-kappa B ($NF-{\kappa}B$). Therefore, TLR4 dimerization may be an early regulatory event in activating ligand-induced signaling pathways and induction of subsequent immune responses. Here, we report biochemical evidence that 6-shogaol, the most bioactive component of ginger, inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced dimerization of TLR4 resulting in the inhibition of $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation and the expression of cyclooxygenase-2. Furthermore, we demonstrate that 6-shogaol can directly inhibit TLR-mediated signaling pathways at the receptor level. These results suggest that 6-shogaol can modulate TLR-mediated inflammatory responses, which may influence the risk of chronic inflammatory diseases.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.299-301
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• 2004

A simple procedure for the extraction of the lipolytic enzyme from rice bran has been developed. High activity of lipolytic enzyme was obtained by first defatting the rice bran to remove lipid components with various extraction conditions. Then, after five cycles of aqueous extraction, rice bran lipolytic enzyme was purified using micro- and ultrafiltration apparatus. Lipolytic enzyme activity was estimated by its hydrolytic action of tributyrin. The result indicated that the standard activity curve of butyric acid showed that the potential rice bran enzyme is a hydrolytic lipase enzyme. In addition, it showed higher lipolytic activity and specific enzyme activity with further purification by micro- and ultrafiltration.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.89-100
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• 1986

Although insulin has been available for the treatment of diabetes mellitus for more than half a centry, the deficiency of conventional insulin therapy for diabetic patients have, to this date, not been satisfactorily overcome by any method. The development of potential delivery systems for insulin is highly important to prevent excessive fluctuation of plasma glucose levels, which results in long term complications in the diabetic. There are three major approaches toward development of glucose responding insulin delivery systems: A bioengineering approach is to devise mechanical components capable of releasing insulin in amounts appropriate to varying blood-glucose requirements. A biological approach relies upon cultured, living pancreatic beta cells encapsulated to constitute an insulin delivery unit. A biochemical approach is to synthesize a stable and biologically active glycosylated insulin that is complementary to the binding sites of lectin. This paper will cover several specific areas, including pancreatic transplantation(total or isolated islet cells), artificial pancreases(bioengineering or biological approach), controlled delivery system, glucose sensitive membrane systems, and a self-regulating insulin delivery system.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.815-818
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• 2021

The objective of this study was to develop a differential medium with improved selectivity for the isolation of Bacillus cereus. Mannitol egg yolk polymyxin medium supplemented with D-galactose allowed the differentiation of diarrheal- and emetic-type B. cereus through pH monitoring. The pH of the medium decreased significantly when incubating the emetic-type B. cereus, whereas the pH change was not significant when incubating the diarrheal-type. The addition of pH indicators, such as methyl red and phenol red, to the medium allowed visual differentiation between diarrheal- and emetic-type B. cereus. A solid agar medium was also developed by optimizing the concentrations of medium components such as monosaccharides, agar, egg yolk enrichment, pH indicators, and antibiotics. This study indicates the possibility of applying selective media for the differentiation of diarrheal- and emetic-type B. cereus.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.227-236
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• 2019

Antioxidant activity in water and ethanol extracts of dried Lycium chinense fruit, as a result of the total phenolic and tannin content, was measured using a number of chemical and biochemical assays for radical scavenging and inhibition of lipid peroxidation, with the analysis being extended by applying a bootstrapping statistical method. Previous statistical analyses mostly provided linear correlation and regression analyses between antioxidant activity and increasing concentrations of phenolics and tannins in a concentration-dependent mode. The present study showed that multiple component or multivariate analysis by applying multiple regression analysis or regression planes proved more informative than linear regression analysis of the relationship between the concentration of individual components and antioxidant activity. In this paper, we represented the multivariate analysis of antioxidant activities of both phenolic and tannin contents combined in the water and ethanol extracts, which revealed the hidden observations that were not evident from linear statistical analysis.

• BMB Reports
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• v.55 no.8
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• pp.363-369
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• 2022

Biomolecular phase separation has recently attracted broad interest, due to its role in the spatiotemporal compartmentalization of living cells. It governs the formation, regulation, and dissociation of biomolecular condensates, which play multiple roles in vivo, from activating specific biochemical reactions to organizing chromatin. Interestingly, biomolecular phase separation seems to be a mainly passive process, which can be explained by relatively simple physical principles and reproduced in vitro with a minimal set of components. This Mini review focuses on our current understanding of the fundamental principles of biomolecular phase separation and the recent progress in the research on this topic.