• Clinical Endoscopy
• /
• 제56권6호
• /
• pp.795-801
• /
• 2023

Background/Aims: Endoscopic biliary drainage is the gold standard treatment for cholangitis. The two methods of biliary drainage are endoscopic biliary stenting and nasobiliary drainage. A novel integrated outside biliary stent and nasobiliary drainage catheter system (UMIDAS NB stent; Olympus Medical Systems) was recently developed. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of this stent in the treatment of cholangitis caused by common bile duct stones or distal bile duct strictures. Methods: We conducted a retrospective pilot study by examining the medical records of patients who required endoscopic biliary drainage for cholangitis due to common bile duct stones or distal bile duct strictures, and who were treated with a UMIDAS NB stent, between December 2021 and July 2022. Results: Records of 54 consecutive patients were reviewed. Technical and clinical success rates were 47/54 (87.0%) and 52/54 (96.3%), respectively. Adverse events were observed in 12 patients, with six patients experiencing pancreatitis as an adverse event, following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Regarding late adverse events, five cases of biliary stent migration into the bile duct were observed. Disease-related death occurred in one patient. Conclusions: The outside-type UMIDAS NB stent is an efficacious new method for biliary drainage and can be applied to many indications.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권8호
• /
• pp.4155-4161
• /
• 2016

Biliary obstruction is a common clinical manifestation of various conditions, including extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. However, a screening test for diagnosis of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in patients with biliary obstruction is not yet available. According to the rationale that the biliary system plays a major role in lipid metabolism, biliary obstruction may interfere with lipid profiles in the body. Therefore, plasma lipidomics may help indicate the presence or status of disease in biliary obstruction suspected extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. This study aimed to use plasma lipidomics for diagnosis of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in patients with biliary obstruction. Plasma from healthy volunteers, patients with benign biliary obstruction extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and other related cancers were used in this study. Plasma lipids were extracted and lipidomic analysis was performed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Lipid profiles from extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients showed significant differences from both normal and benign biliary obstruction conditions, with no distinction between the latter two. Relative intensity of the selected lipid mass was able to successfully differentiate all extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma samples from patient samples taken from healthy volunteers, patients with benign biliary obstruction, and patients with other related cancers. In conclusion, lipidomics is a non-invasive method with high sensitivity and specificity for identification of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in patients with biliary obstruction.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.92-98
• /
• 2016

The barcelona clinic liver cancer (BCLC) staging systemis regarded as the optimal staging system to predict prognosis and guide treatmentfor hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) .According to the BCLC classification, only patients with BCLC A stage should undergo liver resection. In contrast, patients with intermediate-advanced HCC should be scheduled for palliative therapies,such as transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and target therapy, even if the lesion is resectable. More and more studies report good short-term and long-term outcomes in patients with intermediate-advanced HCC treated by radical resection and many patients benefited from curative resection. The aim of this review was to evaluate the role of surgery beyond the BCLC recommendations. A revision of the BCLC algorithm should be proposed.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.695-706
• /
• 2020

Objective: To investigate the technical and clinical efficacy of the percutaneous insertion of a biliary metallic stent, and to identify the factors associated with biliary stent dysfunction in patients with malignant duodenobiliary obstruction. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 70 patients (39 men and 31 women; mean age, 63 years; range, 38-90 years) who were treated for malignant duodenobiliary obstruction at our institution between April 2007 and December 2018, were retrospectively reviewed. Variables found significant by univariate log-rank analysis (p < 0.2) were considered as suitable candidates for a multiple Cox's proportional hazard model. Results: The biliary stents were successfully placed in all 70 study patients. Biliary stent insertion with subsequent duodenal stent insertion was performed in 33 patients and duodenal stent insertion with subsequent biliary stent insertion was performed in the other 37 study subjects. The median patient survival and stent patency time were 107 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 78-135 days) and 270 days (95% CI, 95-444 days), respectively. Biliary stent dysfunction was observed in 24 (34.3%) cases. Multiple Cox's proportional hazard analysis revealed that the location of the distal biliary stent was the only independent factor affecting biliary stent patency (hazard ratio, 3.771; 95% CI, 1.157-12.283). The median biliary stent patency was significantly longer in patients in whom the distal end of the biliary stent was beyond the distal end of the duodenal stent (median, 327 days; 95% CI, 249-450 days), rather than within the duodenal stent (median, 170 days; 95% CI, 115-225 days). Conclusion: The percutaneous insertion of the biliary metallic stent appears to be a technically feasible, safe, and effective method of treating malignant duodenobiliary obstruction. In addition, a biliary stent system with a distal end located beyond the distal end of the duodenal stent will contribute towards longer stent patency in these patients.

• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.70-76
• /
• 2000

Intra- & extra-hepatic duct system의 경화를 야기하는 Biliary atresia는 출생시 1 : 10,000의 발생빈도를 보이며, 5년 이하의 생존율을 나타내는 예후가 좋지 않은 질환이다. 담도폐쇄증의 원인은 아직 명확하지 않으나, 유전적인 요소나 발육성 원인으로 믿고 있다. 임상적 특징으로 두드러진 황달, 간비증대, 가려움증, 지방변, 황색종, 성장지연, 문맥압항진증, 출혈, 골연하증, 복수 그리고 호흡기계 감염 등을 나타낸다. 구강내 소견으로 녹색을 띄는 변색치아, 유치의 확장된 치수강과 치근관, 치아맹출지연, 법랑질 형성부전, 그리고 심한 치아 우식 등이다. 담도폐쇄증은 조기진단과 수술에 의해 사망률이 감소되고, 성장과 발달이 정상으로 돌아오며 생존율도 향상되었으나 여전히 그 원인과 치료에 대한 연구가 계속되어야 할 것이다. 이에 저자는 전북대학교 치과병원에 내원한 2명의 담도폐쇄증환아에 대해 임상, 방사선학적 특징 및 적합한 처치에 대하여 보고하고자 한다.

• 한국간담췌외과학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.220-225
• /
• 2023

Congenital duplication of the extrahepatic bile duct (DEBD) is an unusual anomaly of the biliary system. It occurs due to inability of the embryological duplex biliary system to regress. DEBD has various subtypes depending on the morphology and opening of the aberrant common bile duct. It can have distinct complications. We encountered a 38-year-old lady who experienced pain in the right upper abdomen along with a low-grade fever. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography revealed DEBD with multiple calculi in the right hepatic duct (ductolithiasis) and joining of the right hepatic duct with the left hepatic duct in the intrapancreatic region. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography failed to clear the calculi from the right duct. They were then managed by common bile duct exploration and roux-en-Y right hepaticojejunostomy for biliary drainage. Her postoperative period was uneventful. She is currently doing well after three months of follow-up. Hence, a proper preoperative delineation of such rare anomalies is essential. It could avoid inadvertent injury to the bile duct and operative complications.

• 대한핵의학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.71-80
• /
• 1982

In the present communication, the results will be reported on a clinical study of how well scintigraphic visualization of the hepatobiliary elements and several commonly used clinical liver function tests correlate each other in various diseases oft hepatobiliary system. The demonstrability of the biliary tract, gallbladder (GB) and duodenum was rather closely paralleled to serum bilirubin level and less closely to alkaline phosphatase and rather poorly to SGOT and SGPT. The biliary tree could not be visualized scintigraphically when bilirubin exceeded 10.5mg/dl. The usefulness of Tc-99m EHIDA [N-(2,6-diethylacetanilido) iminodiacetic acid, made by Amersham, England] hepatobiliary scintigraphy (Tc EHIDA HBS) in settling diagnostic controversy and ambiguity raised by oral cholecystography, intravenous cholangiography and ultrasonography in many hepatobiliary diseases is well known. The purpose of this investigation was to semiquantitatively evaluate the scintigraphic demonstrability of the hepatobiliary tract, GB and duodenum following intravenous injection of Tc-99m EHIDA in normal subjects and in patients with a disturbed liver function from various hepatobiliary diseases. The hepatobiliary scintigraphy was performed in 10 normal subjects and 39 patients with various hepatobiliary diseases (Table 1) at the Dept. of Radiology, St. Mary's Hospital Catholic Medical College, Seoul, Korea during 2 years period from September 1979. Scintigraphic examination was started at end of 3 minutes after intravenous injection of Tc-99m EHIDA in the amount of $50{\mu}Ci/kg$ and was continued until after 30 minutes at 5 minutes interval. The imaging was usually terminated when the tracer could be seen in the duodenum. Late scintigrams were obatained at 1 1/2, 3, 4 and 6 hours when reeded. Scintigrams were analyzed in terms of promptness and clarity of visualization of the biliary tree, GB and duodenum and demonstrability of these anatomical landmarks was correlated with the values of liver function tests. The demonstrability of the common hepatic duct, common bile duct, GB and duodenum was closely paralleled to the level of serum bilirubin when it is less than 10.5 mg/dl as shown in figure 1. However when the bilirubin exceeded 10.5 mg/dl the time of visualization between protracted reaching a flat curve or plateau around 10.5 mg/dl. The biliary tract could not be visualized when the bilirubin was higher than 10.5 mg/dl. The correlability between scintigraphic demonstration and serum alkaline phosphatase was less strong and between scintigraphic demonstration and SGOT and SGPT was rather poor. The present clinical study confirmed the usefulness and limitation of Tc-99m EHIDA hepatobiliary scintigraphy in visulizing and diagnosing the biliary system and duodenum when radiogrpahy and ultrasonography failed to provide useful informations. Scintigraphy was very helpful in the diagnosis of neonatal hepatitis, biliary atresia, cholecystitis and extrahepatic biliary obstruction. The hepatobiliary system and duodenum were visualized when serum bilirubin level was less than 10.5 mg/dl, SGOT 135 units, SGPT 114 units and alkaline phosphatase 52.2 KAU.

• 대한핵의학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한핵의학회 1971년도 제10차 학술대회
• /
• pp.82.1-82.1
• /
• 1971

• 핵의학기술
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.229-234
• /
• 2008

간담도 스캔은 방사성의약품을 정맥주사 후 간세포에 섭취되어 담즙과 함께 담낭과 담도를 통하여 십이지장으로 배출되는 양상을 경시적으로 검사한다. 따라서 간세포와 담낭의 기능 정도 및 담도계의 폐쇄 여부를 알 수 있고 담즙의 누출 유무, 위치 및 정도를 확인하는데 가장 예민한 검사 방법이다. 하지만 담즙 누출을 확인하기 위한 목적의 간담도 스캔은 누출된 담즙과 장으로 배출된 담즙의 구분이 명확하지 않다. 그래서 본 연구는 간담도 스캔 검사 시 양측와위 자세로 검사를 시행하여 누출된 담즙과 장으로 배출 된 방사능을 분리 구분하여 더욱 명확한 담즙 누출의 진단을 하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 총 31명의 환자 중 남자는 14명, 여자는 17명이고, 평균나이는 $51.1{\pm}14.4$세였다. 정상위 자세에서 1분씩 60분간 경시적 영상을 획득하고, 지연검사는 2시간, 4시간, 24시간 간격의 정상위 자세와 좌우 측와위 자세로 각각 5분 동안 영상을 획득하였다. 단, 측와위 자세의 영상 획득 시 약 5분간 측와위 자세를 유지한 후에 영상을 획득 하였다. 간담도 스캔 시 담즙 누출 환자에서의 양측와위 자세의 유용성을 알아보기 위해 정상위 검사에서 누출이 바로 확인되는 환자의 측와위 자세와 관심영역을 비교하여 누출 여부(크기, 위치, 농도)의 감별 편리성의 양상을 비교하였고, 의심되는 질환이 담즙 누출이지만 경시적 영상에서 누출부위를 확실히 구분할 수 없는 환자의 측와위 자세를 통해 누출부위를 우선적으로 식별할 수 있는 환자가 어느 정도인지를 검사대비 감별확률로 비교하였다. 31명의 담즙 누출 환자 중 23명의 환자는 기능영상 혹은 지연영상에서 담즙 누출을 확인하였고, 8명의 환자는 측와위에서 담즙 누출을 확인 할 수 있었다. 영상에서 해부학적으로 누출 위치를 찾는 것은 정상위가 더욱 용이하였으나, 양측와 위 자세 변동으로 인한 장내 담즙의 이동으로 담즙의 누출이 더욱 확실히 구분되었다. 또한 관심영역과 배후방사능의 섭취계수(Counts/Pixel)를 구하여 관심영역/배후방사능비를 평가결과, 평균은 정상위 5.02, 좌측와위 2.08, 우측와위 2.68이었다. 관심영역의 화소 수를 분석하여 크기를 비교할 경우, 좌측와위는 정상위에 비해 평균 1.91배 컸고, 우측와위는 평균 1.05배 컸다. 결과적으로 31명의 환자 중 38.5% 정도만이 측와위가 의미가 있었지만, 위치 변동으로 인해 장내 담즙의 이동으로 누출의 위치는 더욱 명확한 구분이 가능하였다. 또한 그 38.5%의 환자에서 정상위와 양측와위에서의 관심영역/배후방사능비, 관심영역의 크기를 비교하면 측와위에서 관심영역의 넓이는 좌측와위 19%, 우측와위 5% 넓어지고, 농도는 좌측와위 약 60%, 우측와위 약 50% 옅어졌으며, 이는 복강 내로 관심영역의 담즙누출을 의미한다고 할 수 있다. 간담도 검사시 담즙 누출을 의심하는 환자에게 양측와위 자세를 추가하여 검사를 한다면 담즙 누출을 정확하게 진단할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.109-113
• /
• 2018

A 75-year-old man with chronic cholangitis and a common bile duct stone that was not previously identified was admitted for right upper quadrant pain. Acute cholecystitis with cholangitis was suspected on abdominal computed tomography (CT); therefore, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with endonasal biliary drainage was performed. On admission day 5, hemobilia with rupture of two intrahepatic artery pseudoaneurysms was observed on follow-up abdominal CT. Coil embolization of the pseudoaneurysms was conducted using percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage. After several days, intrahepatic artery pseudoaneurysm rupture recurred and coil embolization through a percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage tract was conducted after failure of embolization via the hepatic artery due to previous coiling. After the second coil embolization, a common bile duct stone was removed, and the patient presented no complications during 4 months of follow-up. We report a case of intrahepatic artery pseudoaneurysm rupture without prior history of intervention involving the hepatobiliary system that was successfully managed using coil embolization through percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage.