• 대한약침학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2006

Objectives : This study was aimed at investigating liver protection mechanism of Moschus by inducing liver toxicity through $CCl_4$ in mice and evaluated histological and serological findings. Methods : Experiment groups was categorized into untreated normal group, $CCl_4$ treated control group, and orally administered Moschus experiment group. At the termination of experiment, gross examination of the liver as well as histological findings, and Total protein, Total bilirubin, Direct bilirubin SGOT, SGPT, and ALP contents in the serum were evaluated. Results : 1. For gross examination and histological findings, $CCl_4$ treated control group showed destroyed lobular structure, increased fibrosis, as well as hepatic cirrhosis. For the group treated with Moschus, the lobular structure suffered less damage, and showed lower level of fibrosis and liver cirrhosis compared to the control group. 2. For serum analysis, Total protein were significantly increased in the Moschus experiment group than the control group. 3. Total bilirubin didn't show significant differences between the two groups. but direct bilirubin was significantly increased in the Moschus experiment group than the control group. 4. SGOT, SGPT, were significantly decreased in the normal and Moschus experiment groups compared to the control group. 5. ALP was significantly decreased in the normal group compared to the control group, but Moschus experiment group didn't show significant differences compared to the control group. Conclusion : Taken together, Moschus can be effectively used for recovering the liver functions and further researches must be conducted to verify the efficacies of Moschus bile juice.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.34-39
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• 2003

Carisoprodol (CSP) is commonly prescribed as a skeletal muscle relaxant. Recently, we encountered 7 suicidal cases in which carisoprodol was detected. We developed a rugged, sensitive, and specific method for the determination of CSP and meprobamate (MPB) by GC and GC/MS. Postmortem blood concentrations of CSP and MPB ranged 22.9-124.4 ,$\mu$g/ml and its metabolite, 26.8-144.5 ,$\mu$g/ml respectively. Among 7 cases studied, Only CSP was ingested in 4 cases and combination of CSP and dextromethorphan was ingested in 2 cases according to the case history and one case was with ethanol. The order of the tissue concentration of CSP and MPB was liver> kidney > brain, and the concentration of MPB was higher than that of CSP in all tissues. The MPB /CSP concentration ratios of urine, bile juice, liver, kidney, brain and blood were 15.7, 4.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.4 and 1.0 respectively. There was a big difference in concentration of CSP and MPB in 7 cases due to differences in the amount of dose administered and time to death after dosing.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.112-120
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• 2006

음식물류폐기물의 무항생제 액상사료화를 통한 고급자원화를 이루기 위하여 항생제 대체용 항세균 활성 유산균주 13 종을 돼지 장관 및 분변에서 분리하였다. 분리 유산균은 모두 내염성(Nacl 4%), 내산성 (pH4.0) 및 내담즙성 (oxgall 0.8%)을 보였으며, $37^{\circ}C$에서 생장이 가장 높게 나타났다. 분리 유산균주중 Lactobacillus plantarum CJY-22, Pediococcus sp. CJY-41, Lactobacillus brevis CJY-42 및 Lactobacillus arizonensis CJY-3 균주가 가장 높은 항세균 활성 및 광역의 항세균 활성 스펙트럼을 나타냈으며, Lactobacillus plantarum CJY-22 균주의 경우 $25^{\circ}C$에서도 생장이 원활하여 음식물류폐기물에 적용시 가온없이 발효공정을 수행할 수 있는 유용 균주로 적용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.843-847
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• 2007

Strain NK34 was characterized for probiotic use. Strain NK34 was named Lactococcus lactis NK34 based on API 50 CHL kit results and 16S rDNA sequencing. L. lactis NK34 was highly resistant to artificial gastric juice (pH 2.5) and artificial bile acid. Based on results from the API ZYM kit, 4 enzymes were produced. L. lactis NK34 was resistant to all antibiotics tested except for $10\;{\mu}g/mL$ roxithromycin and $10\;{\mu}g/mL$ erythromycin. The cholesterol-lowering effect of L. lactis NK34 was about 46.9%. Concentrations of interleukin $(IL)-1{\alpha}$ in the $20{\times}$ concentrated supernatant of L. lactis NK34 was about 361 pg/mL. L. lactis NK34 was also found to inhibit the growth of colon cancer cells due to MNNG-induced DNA damage. These results demonstrate the potential of L. lactis NK34 as a health-promoting probiotic.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권9호
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• pp.1510-1518
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• 2015

In this work, we wanted to develop a probiotic from famous longevity villages in Korea. We visited eight longevity villages in Korea to collect fecal samples from healthy adults who were aged above 80 years and had regular bowel movements, and isolated lactic-acid-producing bacteria from the samples. Isolated colonies that appeared on MRS agar containing bromophenol blue were identified by means of 16S rRNA sequencing, and 102 of the isolates were identified as lactic-acid-producing bacteria (18 species). Lactobacillus fermentum was the most frequently found species. Eight isolates were selected on the basis of their ability to inhibit the growth of six intestinal pathogens (Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Typhimurium, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Enteritidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes) and their susceptibility to 15 antimicrobial agents. Among these eight isolates, four Lactobacillus fermentum isolates were found not to produce any harmful enzymes or metabolites. Among them, Lactobacillus fermentum isolate no. 24 showed the strongest binding to intestinal epithelial cells, the highest immune-enhancing activity, anti-inflammation activity, and anti-oxidation activity as well as the highest survival rates in the presence of artificial gastric juice and bile solution. This isolate, designated Lactobacillus fermentum PL9988, has all the characteristics for a good probiotic.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.249-252
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• 2013

닭분변으로부터 면역활성능이 뛰어난 KU801 균주를 분리하고 16S rRNA 서열분석을 통해 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens KU801로 동정하였다. B. amyloliquefaciens KU801의 영양세포와 아포세포는 인공위액 (pH 2.5, 1% pepsin)과 인공담즙 (0.3% oxgall)에 대한 저항성을 나타내었다. B. amyloliquefaciens KU801은 산화질소 (NO)의 생산을 감소시켰으나 인터루킨-$1{\alpha}$ (IL-$1{\alpha}$)의 생산은 증가시키는 것을 확인하였다. Commet assay를 통한 유전독성능에 미치는 영향을 확인한 결과, B. amyloliquefaciens KU801을 첨가하였을 때 DNA 손상을 처리 농도에 비례하여 감소시키는 것을 확인하였다. 이들 결과를 토대로, B. amyloliquefaciens KU801은 사료용 정장제로서의 이용 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.338-342
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• 2008

This study was performed to screen and select Lactobacillus strains from chicken feces for probiotic use in animals. Of these strains, strain AU had the highest immunostimulatory effect. Therefore, strain A12 was characterized as a potential probiotic. Strain A12 was tentatively identified as Lactobacillus acidophilus A12, using the API 50 CHL kit based on a 99.9% homology. L. acidophilus A12 was highly resistant to artificial gastric juice (pH 2.5) and bile acid (oxgall). Based on results from the API ZYM kit, leucine arylamidase, crystine arylamidase, acid phosphatase, naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, ${\alpha}$-galactosidase, ${\beta}$-galactosidase, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase, ${\beta}$-glucosidase, and N-acetyl-${\beta}$-glucosamidase were produced by strain A12. L. acidophilus A12 showed resistance to several antibiotics (nisin, gentamicin, and erythromycin). The amount of interleukin $(IL)-1{\alpha}$ in $20{\times}$ concentrated supernatant from L. acidophilus A12 was approximately 156pg/ml. With regard to antioxidant activity, L. acidophilus A12 supernatant showed 60.6% DPPH radical scavenging activity. These results demonstrate the potential use of L. acidophilus A12 as health-promoting probiotics.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2012

A six months old, male Shih Tzu dog was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital at Kangwon National University, for lethargy, respiratory embarrassment. Survey radiography revealed enlarged cardiac silhouette due to displacement of gas-filled intestine in the pericardium. Although there were no specific clinical signs, this case was diagnosed as peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia (PPDH) based on the results of positive contrast radiography and thoracic ultrasonograpic findings. In addition, the thickened gall bladder wall observed in ultrasonography, increase of alkaline phosphatase and neutrophils indicated cholecystitis. Two hepatic lobes and gall bladder were severely necrotized and adhere to the diaphragm. Direct reduction of the herniated organs might cause hepatic hemorrhage and bile juice leakage which may induce very poor prognosis. To solve the problems, the adhered organs were dissected with part of diaphragm, and lobectomy with cholecystectomy was performed for prevention of some possible complications including peritonitis. This is case report describing resection of part of diaphragm adhered to herniated organ reduce the risk of possible hepatic hemorrhage during surgical correction of PPDH followed bycholecystectomy and lobectomy.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.554-569
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• 2018

This study aimed to investigate the physiological characteristics and anti-obesity effects of Lactobacillus plantarum K10. The ${\alpha}-amylase$ inhibitory activity, ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activity, and lipase inhibitory activity of L. plantarum K10 was $94.66{\pm}4.34%$, $99.78{\pm}0.12%$, and $87.40{\pm}1.41%$, respectively. Moreover, the strain inhibited the adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells ($32.61{\pm}8.32%$) at a concentration of $100{\mu}g/mL$. In order to determine its potential for use as a probiotic, we investigated the physiological characteristics of L. plantarum K10. L. plantarum K10 was resistant to gentamycin, kanamycin, streptomycin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, vancomycin, and chloramphenicol. It also showed higher Leucine arylamidase, Valine arylamidase, and ${\beta}-galactosidase$ activities. Moreover, it was comparatively tolerant to bile juice and acid, exhibiting resistance to Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus with rates of 90.71%, 11.86%, 14.19%, and 23.08%, respectively. The strain did not produce biogenic amines and showed higher adhesion to HT-29 cells compared to L. rhamnosus GG. As a result of the animal study, L. plantarum K10 showed significantly lower body weight compared to the high-fat diet group. The administration of L. plantarum K10 resulted in a reduction of subcutaneous fat mass and mesenteric fat mass compared to the high-fat diet (HFD) group. L. plantarum K10 also showed improvement in gut permeability compared to the HFD positive control group. These results demonstrate that L. plantarum K10 has potential as a probiotic with anti-obesity effects.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2015

본 연구는 원유로부터 면역증진 젖산균을 분리 및 동정하고, 이 균주의 생리적 특성을 규명하여 상업적으로의 이용가능성을 검토하고자 실시하였다. 이를 위해 Modified MRS 분별배지를 사용하여 노란색 집락을 형성하는 균주를 대상으로 면역활성이 높은 균주를 선발한 결과, D205 균주가 최종 선발되었다. D205 균주는 $IL-1{\alpha}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$, NO 값이 각각 2,500pg 이상/mL, 2,000 pg 이상/mL, $11.55{\pm}2.95{\mu}M$로 나타났으며, 동정결과 Lactobacillus fermentum으로 판명되었고, Lactobacillus fermentum 450으로 명명하였다. Lactobacillus fermentum 450의 최적 생장 온도는 $40^{\circ}C$이었으며, 답즙산과 산성의 pH에서 모두 우수한 생존력을나타내었다. 효소활성은 leucine arylamidase와 acid phosphatase가 비교적 높게 나타났다. 항생제 내성 실험 결과, kanamycin, neomycin, polymyxin B에 내성이 있는 반면 novobiocin에 감수성을 나타냈으며, Salmonella Typhimurium에 대해 63.86%의 억제 효과를 지니고 있으나, Escherichia coli와 Staphylococcus aureus에 대해서는 항균력이 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다.