• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.42-45
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• 2014

Recently, tremendous application utilizing electrospun nanofibers have been actively reported due to its several advantages, such as high surface to volume ratio, simple fabrication and high-throughput manufacturing. In this paper, we developed highly sensitive and consistent nanofiber humidity sensor by electrospinning. The humidity sensor was fabricated by rapid electrospinning (~2 sec) $TiO_2$/PVP/LiCl mixed solution on the micro-interdigitated electrode. In order to evaluate the humidity sensing performances, we measured current response using DC bias voltage under various relative humidity levels. The results show fast response / recovery time and marginal hysteresis as well as long-term stability. In addition, with the aid of micro-interdigitated electrode, we can reduce a total resistance of the sensor and increase the total reaction area of nanofibers across the electrodes resulting in high sensitivity and enhanced current level. Therefore, we expect that the electrospun nanofiber array for humidity sensor can be feasible and promising for diverse humidity sensing application.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.661-670
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• 2012

Urban forests provide great ecosystem services to population in metropolitan areas even though they occupy little green space in a huge gray landscape. Unfortunately, urbanization inherently results in threatening the green infrastructure, and the recent urbanization trends drew great attention of scientists and policy makers on how to preserve or restore green infrastructure in metropolitan area. For this reason, mapping the spatial distribution of the green infrastructure is important in urban environments since the resulting map helps us identify hot green spots and set up long term plan on how to preserve or restore green infrastructure in urban environments. As a preliminary step for mapping green infrastructure utilizing multi-source remote sensing data in urban environments, the objective of this study is to map vegetation volume by fusing LiDAR and multispectral data in urban environments. Multispectral imageries are used to identify the two dimensional distribution of green infrastructure, while LiDAR data are utilized to characterize the vertical structure of the identified green structure. Vegetation volume was calculated over the metropolitan Chicago city area, and the vegetation volume was summarized over 16 NLCD classes. The experimental results indicated that vegetation volume varies greatly even in the same land cover class, and traditional land cover map based above ground biomass estimation approach may introduce bias in the estimation results.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.07e
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• pp.1840-1842
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• 1998

Gyroscope is a very important core sensor, as a rotation sensor in inertial space, in inertial guidance and navigation system on aeronautics, plane, vessel and so on for civilian and millitary applications. Mechnical gyroscopes, adopting a principle of spinning a top, have been used in many application system. These mechnical gyroscopes need high power consumption, long warming time and complicated peripheral devices. But fiber-optic gyroscopes, based on the Sagnac effect, have novel advantages as small volume. simple scheme, low power consumption and high reliability. So we have developed a Intermediate grade All-fiber Optic Gyroscope, which has open-loop and minimum reciprocal configuration scheme. We have designed feedback circuits for stability of amplitude and phase using four lock-in amplifier(LIA) circuits and also used for noise limitation. This paper describes the scheme of optical part and electronic part and also test results of this all-fiber optic gyroscope. The performance have been achieved as long-term bias drift of $9.54^{\circ}/h$, random walk of $0.0317^{\circ}/\sqrt{h}$ and dynamic range of ${\pm}150\;deg/s$.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.5-12
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• 2014

Building has been deteriorated gradually owing to geographic, physical complex and other factors. School living condition has a key role to improve the learning ability, life attitude and qualifications to adopt to social life. Therefore, it is important for school environment to keep the living condition. Repair time and scope of school facilities are required to maintain the function and performance to plan the long term repair. But there are little information about the school maintenance such as repair time and function. In this paper, it aimed at providing the service life to suggest the repair time and scope in the roof-proofing and floor finishing which used the three estimation method in probabilistic approach. The service life has a key role to decide the repair time and to make the plan for the repair maintenance. Results of this study are as follows ; First, the 1st repair time were taken through three methods in probabilistic and deterministic functions to eliminate the estimation bias. Second, the service life is suggested 36 years of an elementary school, 34 years of a middle school and 41 years of a high school. Third, the service life of a floor finishing is 43 years of an elementary, 39 years of a middle school and 41 years of a high school. The above study could not include the detailed information about the materials and repair works. Therefore it needs a further study to reflect the detailed information and to make a repair strategy.

• Acta Via Serica
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.11-25
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• 2018

The Renaissance is generally said to be the rebirth of the ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome, and was centered around Italy from the 14th to the 16th century. This includes the temporal peculiarity of the Renaissance as a sudden phenomenon after the Medieval Ages, and the spatial peculiarity of what happened only in Europe. However, if we remove the European-centered bias here, the horizon for interpreting the Renaissance becomes much wider. There have been claims that similar cultural phenomena resembling the Renaissance existed in other civilizations at the same time. This paper seeks to investigate two possibilities. The first is the possibility of a spatial expansion of the Renaissance. This suggests that the Renaissance was created by long-term exchanges with the Eastern, Middle and Western Hemispheres. The second is the possibility of a simultaneity of the Renaissance in the 14th and 16th centuries. This suggests that it was a global phenomenon that occurred in different civilizations. The Renaissance, therefore, was a crystallization of a complex of civilizations created by the crossing of various cultures along the Silk Road, and should be referred to as the 'Global Renaissance' instead of the 'Western Renaissance.'

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.7-16
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• 2002

Purpose The goal of this study tried to provide aging and life span in Sasang Constitutional Medicine. Methods It was researched Master Dong-Mu's documentary records about aging and the life span represented by ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Soose Bowon Sasang Chobongyun${\lrcorner}$ and ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Soose Bowon${\lrcorner}$ published in 1901. Results & conclusion 1. A principal of regimen according to Sasang Constitutional Medicine isn't medicational method but non-medicational method. There are control mind and upright oneself. 2. Dong-Mu's the views of the span of life represented by 'Inherent vitality' that a term means health promoting and forecasting length of the life. He also emphasizied a natural power of recovery from damaged vitality. 3. Greed is reduced one's lifetime. It is originated by bias for 'joy-anger -sorrow-pleasure'. The other example is 'Liquor-Sex-Property- Authority'. 4. The way of prolonging lifetime what managed small visceral intestines through constitutional upright oneself. This is found on pathology, care of health and constitutional 'Knowledge and Deed'.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.489-495
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• 2004

In this article, various aspects of errors involved in the measurement of TVOC were examined as part of study to develop the indoor pollution indices. For this purpose, TVOC term was computed by two different calibration approaches, i.e., by assuming all VOC are detected in the same manner as toluene and by summing up as many individual VOC as possible. The results of our study indicate that the common, toluene-based method suffers from errors inherent in the development of such theory. Consequently, it is concluded that more research efforts have to be directed to the improvement of such concept as TVOC.

• Proceedings of The Korean Society of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.20-27
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• 2011

A system for fine-resolution long-range weather forecast is introduced in this study. The system is basically consisted of a global-scale coupled general circulation model (CGCM) and Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) regional model. The system makes use of a data assimilation method in order to reduce the initial shock or drift that occurs at the beginning of coupling due to imbalance between model dynamics and observed initial condition. The long-range predictions are produced in the system based on a non-linear ensemble method. At the same time, the model bias are eliminated by estimating the difference between hindcast model climate and observation. In this research, the predictability of the forecast system is studied, and it is illustrated that the system can be effectively used for the high resolution long-term weather prediction. Also, using the system, fine-resolution climatological data has been produced with high degree of accuracy. It is proved that the production of agrometeorological variables that are not intensively observed are also possible.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.119-130
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• 2019

This study analyzed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and case studies investigating Chuna manual therapy and variations of this term, for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. On June $15^{th}$, 2019, 6 online databases were used to retrieve studies. A total of 527 articles were retrieved, and 14 RCTs and 20 case studies were selected for review. Typically, the frequency of Chuna therapy was 1-2 times/week. The most common period of treatment was 12 months in RCTs and 3-6 months in case studies. Cobb's angle was the most frequent evaluation index used (11 RCTs and 20 case studies). In control groups, brace treatment was used in 8 RCTs. In 6 RCTs and 20 case studies, Cobb's angle significantly decreased after Chuna therapy, and in 4 RCTs, Chuna therapy was as effective as brace treatment, with no significant difference between groups. Adverse events were not reported except for minor reactions in only 3 case studies. This review suggested that Chuna therapy for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis was more advantageous than and as effective as brace treatment in most cases, although the risk of bias in 13 RCTs was unclear.

• Atmosphere
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.191-206
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• 2022

Assimilation trials were performed using the Korea Institute of Atmospheric Prediction Systems (KIAPS) Korea Integrated Model (KIM) semi-operational forecast system to assess the impact of ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) on forecast. To use the optimal observation in data assimilation of KIM forecast system, in this study, the ZTD observation were pre-processed. It involves the bias correction using long term background of KIM, the quality control based on background and the thinning of ZTD data. Also, to give the effect of observation directly to data assimilation, the observation operator which include non-linear model, tangent linear model, adjoint model, and jacobian code was developed and verified. As a result, impact of ZTD observation in both analysis and forecast was neutral or slightly positive on most meteorological variables, but positive on geopotential height. In addition, ZTD observations contributed to the improvement on precipitation of KIM forecast, specially over 5 mm/day precipitation intensity.