• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1687-1694
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• 2019

Background: Although cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) is reported to have positive effects on mental functions such as depression and sleep improvement, detailed studies regarding awakening, attention and concentration among brain waves reflecting brain activity are lacking. Objective: To examine the effects of cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) on various electroencephalograms (EEGs) reflecting brain activities. Design: Randomized controlled clinical trial (single blind) Methods: This study selected 30 healthy adult women in their 20s who volunteered for this experiment. A total of 30 subjects were randomly assigned to three groups (Sham group, 0.5 Hz CES group, and 100 Hz CES group). EEGs were measured before and after the single CES, and the results were compared and analyzed. Results: The relative theta, alpha, and gamma waves indicated no significant differences in the interaction effects between time and group. The relative fast alpha wave only showed significant differences in the interaction effects between time and group in P4. The relative slow beta wave only indicated statistically significant differences in the interaction effects between time and group in T3 and T4. The relative mid and fast beta waves showed statistically significant differences in the interaction effects between time and group in all areas. Conclusions: These results suggest that a CES of 0.5 Hz awakens consciousness and has a positive influence on brain activity, while a CES of 100 Hz has a positive influence on thinking activity accompanying mental load during concentrating on one subject.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.139-149
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of gradually increasing treadmill inclination on the electroencephalogram (EEG) of stroke patients during gait training. Methods: Three stroke patients who were diagnosed with stroke within six months and capable of walking on a treadmill were selected as subjects. EEG electrodes were attached at Fp1, Fp2, F3, F4, C3, C4, P3, and P4 positions of the cerebral hemispheres using the International 10-20 system. The intervention involved walking for 2 minutes each at 0 degrees, 15 degrees, and 30 degrees inclination on the treadmill while focusing on a target point located in front during the treadmill gait training. The EEG (Smartingmobi, Serbia) generated when the treadmill gradient gradually increased was measured. In addition, relative alpha and relative beta waves were visualized through the Brain mapping program in the TeleScan program to assess the changes in each brain region for the activity of the EEG. Results: The relative alpha wave value decreased as treadmill inclination increased, while the relative beta wave value increased. Conclusion: Gradually increasing the inclination during treadmill gait training appears to be a crucial parameter for increasing the brain activity levels of stroke patients.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.124-130
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• 2017

This study is aimed to find out whether there is difference in the physiological change of a human body according to the illumination and color of interior space or not and to specify the effect of the condition of illumination and color, respectively on the attention. In order to do so, White and Green were selected for colors and 4,000k, 5,000k, and 6000k were done for color temperature, and then attention was identified. Examining the results, the more color temperature increased, the more attention improved (P < 0.05), and in the case of EEG, ${\alpha}$ wave decreased while performing the task of attention (P < 0.01), and ${\beta}$ wave decreased more in Green than White in color condition, and it increased more in 4,000k than 5,000k and 6,000k (p < 0.05) in color temperature condition. To sum up, color condition didn't contribute to the attention much, in the case of color temperature, when it is 6,000k, it is judged that it helped to improve attention. It is considered that relaxation contributed to improving attention, as ${\beta}$ wave and sympathetic nerve decreased in 6,000k (p < 0.05). It is judged that the relaxation of tensions which happened due to a beta wave and the reduction of sympathetic nervous system activity in 6,000k, a condition of high color temperature, contributed to the improvement of concentration. In further researches, it is intended that a test will be conducted for the subjects of different ages, and the correlation between color temperature and color stimulation and the influence of them on human body would be observed in subdivided, various test conditions through various color temperature and color stimulation.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.547-554
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 3가지 음원의 a지수가 피험자에게 미치는 영향과 피험자의 안정성, 집중력 및 생산성을 향상 시킬 수 있는 최적의 음원의 a지수를 찾기 위한 연구를 하였다. 피험자는 건강상태를 점검하여 남자 5명과 여자 5명의 대학생 10명으로 선별하였고 실험기간은 약 2달간 진행되었다. 뇌파(EEG), 심박동변이(HRV) 및 진동이미지를 측정하여 안정성, 집중력, 스트레스 및 심장박동의 변화를 분석하였다. 온도 $25[^{\circ}C]$, 상대습도 50[%], 조도 1.000[lux] 및 기류속도 0.02[m/sec]의 인공기후실 에서 음원의 a지수 a=1.106, a=1.749 및 a=2.227의 음원을 이용하여 측정하였다. 연구결과 a=1.106에서 음원에 노출되기 전에 비하여 상대 $S{\alpha}$파, 상대 $L{\beta}$ 및 상대 $M{\beta}$파가 활성화 되었으며 비대칭지수, 스트레스지수 및 심박변이도는 감소하였다. 따라서 변동리듬 a=1.106의 음원이 안정성, 집중력 및 생산성 향상과 스트레스 감소에 가장 효과적인 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 감성과학
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2011

최근 뇌 과학의 발달로 심리학의 다양한 이슈들을 뇌과학으로 설명하려는 노력들이 많이 시도되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 성격유형을 뇌과학으로 설명될 수 있는지 시도해보고자 하였다. 성격유형검사 중 MBTI를 토대로 하여 10대 청소년 190명에게 성격유형별 레이븐의 유사도형 구분과제를 실시하였다. 이 때 피험자에게 유발전위 뇌파를 검출하고 통계 분석하여 성격유형별간에 집중력의 차이가 있는지를 알아보았다. 또한 뇌파의 주파수별 분류를 통하여 어느 주파수대가 성격유형별간의 차이가 보이는지 알아보았다. 결론적으로 외향성과 내향성은 유사도형 구분과제를 수행하는 동안 두 집단 간의 집중력 차이가 나타났으며 M-Beta파와 Gamma파 및 H-Beta파에서 두 집단 간 차이가 나타났으며 감각형과 직관형은 쉬운 난이도 과제와 중간 난이도 과제에서 두 집단 간 집중력의 차이가 나타나는 경향성이 보였으며 주파수별 분류에서는 두 집단 간의 차이가 없었다. 사고형과 감정형은 과제를 수행하는 동안 두 집단 간 집중력의 차이가 나타났으며 뇌파 주파수별 분류에서는 H-Beta파에서만 차이가 있었다. 판단형과 인식형은 모든 과제와 주파수별 분류에서도 두 집단 간 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 기존 성격유형과 뇌파연구가 외향성과 내향성에 집중되어 있고 다양한 유형별 연구가 미비하였다. 따라서 난이도가 상, 중, 하의 세 가지로 분류된 유사도형 구분과제를 수행하는 동안 유발전위 뇌파를 통해 뇌파를 분석한 것은 본 연구의 의의라 할 수 있다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.141-157
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• 2010

Objectives : The aim of this study is to examine the effects of acupuncture at PC7(Daereung) on normal human EEG using power spectral analysis. Methods : EEG power spectrum exhibits site-specific and state-related differences in specific frequency bands. In this study, power spectrum was used as a measure of complexity. 30 subjects (16 males and 14 females; averaged age = 23.4 years) were engaged with thirty channel EEG study. Results : In $\alpha$(alpha) band, the power values at Fp1, Fp2, F7, F8 channels(p<0.05) during PC7 treatment were significantly decreased. But, the power values at Fz channel(p<0.05) during non-acupoint treatment was significantly decreased. In $\beta$(beta) band, the power values at Fp1, Fp2 channels(p<0.05) during PC7 treatment were significantly decreased. But, the power values at Fz channel(p<0.05) during non-acupoint treatment was significantly decreased and at F8, TCP2 channels(p<0.05) during non-acupoint treatment were increased. In $\theta$(theta) band, the power values at Fp1, Fp2, F7, F8 channels(p<0.05) during PC7 treatment were significantly decreased. But, the power values at Fz channel(p<0.05) during non-acupoint treatment was significantly decreased. In $\delta$(delta) band, the power values at Fp1, Fp2, F7, Fz, F8 channels (p<0.05) during PC7 treatment were significantly decreased. But, the power values at Fz channel (p<0.05) during non-acupoint treatment was significantly decreased. $\alpha/\beta$ values during PC7 treatment were decreased. $\beta/\theta$ values during PC7 treatment were decreased. Conclusion : These results suggest that acupuncture at PC7 induce the change on $\alpha$(alpha), $\beta$(beta), $\theta$ (theta), $\delta$(delta) wave values being decreased and and bothe $\alpha/\beta$ and $\beta/\theta$ values being decreased respectively. This is considered that acupuncture at PC7 affects the activity of cerebral cortex and endocrine system.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.567-580
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• 2013

This study is to activate gifted students' brains for creativity ability and also an integrated science and art teaching program. The learning programs integrating science and art, which have 30 periods and 10 topics on art and the knowledge of science, were developed dependant on five steps - observing, having interests and curiosity, experimental designing and performing, internalizing, and expressing in an arts-based manner. This programs were applied to 20 senior gifted students in Y Elementary School in Gyeonggi province, by one group pretest-posttest design. The results from these integrated programs of science and art are as follows: First, in the performance of science tasks, prefrontal lobe(F7, FT7) of left brain increase the relative power of theta wave, whereas in the performance of drawing tasks increase the relative power of beta wave in prefrontal lobe(FP1) of left brain, bilateral frontal(F7, F3, Fz, F4, F8, FT7, FC3, FCz), bilateral temporal(T7, TP7, TP8, P7), parietal lobe of left brain(CP3, CPz, P3, Pz), bilateral occipital(O1, Oz, O2). Second, in the performance of science tasks, the relative power of beta wave activity in the left temporal lobe(T7) of the brains of talented students in science significantly decreased whereas it was greatly activated in another part, the left frontal lobe(F3) of the brain (p<.05). Third, in the performance of drawing tasks, the relative power of theta wave activity in five areas of the brain, namely the left temporal lobe(T7), the left frontal lobe(F3), the right frontal lobe(F4), and the left and right parietal lobes of gifted students in science who took the course of the integrated programs, was considerably increased statistically(p<.05). On top of that, these programs were especially effective in balancing the symmetrical development of both cerebral hemispheres by multiplying theta wave activity in the frontal lobes(F3, F4) and the parietal lobes(CP3, P3, P4), which are particularly related to creative thinking. According to the results of this study of brain-based teaching strategies combining science and art, it is an effective program to develop overall activate gifted students' brains for creativity ability. This is expected to be utilized to activate the brain areas for creativity of gifted students in science.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.453-459
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• 2019

본 연구는 공황장애 환자를 대상으로 동영상 기반 동작치료 프로그램 수행이 정서관련 변인(불안, 우울, 공황장애) 및 뇌파에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보기 위해 실시되었으며, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 동영상 기반 동작치료 프로그램 수행 결과 정서관련 변인은 운동군의 불안척도에서만 통계적으로 유의한 차이(p<.05)가 나타났으며, 그룹별 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 뇌파 변인은 운동군의 좌뇌 L-Beta 영역과 통제군의 좌뇌 H-Beta, 우뇌 L-Beta 영역에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이(p<.05)를 보였고, 그룹별 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 이상의 내용을 종합해 보면 공황장애 환자의 동영상 기반 동작치료 프로그램 수행이 정서관련 변인 및 뇌파의 변화에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았음을 알 수 있지만 정서관련 변인의 경우 모든 변인의 평균값이 프로그램 실시 후 긍정적인 변화를 나타냈다는 점에서 프로그램 수행 기간을 보다 장기간 적용한다면 또 다른 결과가 도출될 것이라 판단된다. 또한 본 연구에서는 실시하지 못한 동작치료 프로그램에 대한 사전 숙지 및 적응 시간을 충분히 갖은 후 본 프로그램이 수행된다면 보다 긍정적인 결과를 기대 할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.125-130
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• 2006

In this study, tests of brain waves were carried out to investigate the driver's physiological characteristics by the change of the headlight. The participants were 20 men in their 20s and twenty-three different conditions in combinations of waveform of light, voltage, and alteration time were used. The measurement of the brain waves was performed by internationally standardized 10-20 method using LXE3232-RF. The results were analyzed by Power Spectrum Analysis using alpha-, and beta-wave and by the analysis of different brain domains using Brain wave Map. The results were as follows. 1. From the results of the Brain wave Map analysis, it was suggested that A waveform increases mental stress and B waveform affects mental and visual stress. The longer the stimulation time, the more stress level was detected. 2 The voltage alteration time of B waveform should be kept less than 1500msec, and the voltage should not fall below 11.5V.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.2436-2442
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• 2014

본 연구는 상대습도 50[RH%], 조도 1,000[Lux] 및 기류 속도 0.02[m/sec]의 동일한 조건의 항온 항습실에서 온도를 18, 23, 25, 28 및 $31[^{\circ}C]$로 변화를 주어 EEG, HRV 및 바이브라이미지를 비교 분석하였다. 실험 결과, 온도 $25[^{\circ}C]$에서 상대 $M{\alpha}$파, 상대 $M{\beta}$파, $\frac{SMR}{\theta}$ 및 SDNN은 활성화되었으며, ${\alpha}$파의 비대칭지수 $A_2$, HRT, 스트레스지수 및 피로도는 감소하였다. 따라서, 온도 $25[^{\circ}C]$가 쾌적성, 생산성 및 집중력 등과 같은 뉴로에너지 향상에 효과적인 것을 알 수 있었다.