• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.263-272
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• 2000

A field study was carried out to find out the effective chemical for controlling algae without visual injury on creeping bentgrass golf greens. The results were as follows. 1. Chlorothalonil(75%), Metalaxy(7.5%)+Mancozeb(56%) and Mancozeb(75%) did not injure creeping bentgrass. Only chlorothalonil(75%) effectively controlled algae regardless of concentration among above mentioned 3 fungicides. 2. Mancozeb frequently used on golf courses showed about 50% effect on controling algae in this study. 3. Mancozeb(75%)+Copper hydroxide(73%) and Mancozeb(75%)+Streptomycin(100%) had good effects on algae control while injuring creeping bentgrass. 4. Copper hydroxide(73%) and copper sulfate basic(58%) $including\ulcorner$Cu$\lrcorner$showed effective algae control but caused injure creeping bentgrass. 5. Streptomycin has been scarcely used on golf greens but streptomycin(20%) 0.1g a.i/$\m^2$ had good control of algae and durability without injuring creeping bentgrass.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.327-335
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• 2009

Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) is economically important as the principal turfgrass species for golf course greens and fairways in temperate climates around the world. As the utilization area of the turfgrass species increases recently, the demand for new and improved cultivars increases. Thus, substantial progress has been made in applying modern biotechnology to develop genetically engineered (i.e., biotech) creeping bentgrass with new traits that eluded the breeders. This review article addresses the advances made in developing biotech creeping bentgrass, which are categorized in the following topics: (i) genetic transformation of creeping bentgrass, (ii) development of various biotech creeping bentgrasses by genetic engineering, and (iii) progresses in the deregulation of herbicideresistant creeping bentgrass.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.101-110
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• 1994

A field study was carried out to investigate the visual injury of zoysiagrass and creeping bentgrass by the application of various herbicides the result were as follows. 1. Trifluralin + benefin and dithiopyr did not injure creeping bentgrass and zoysiagrass. 2. Creeping bentgrass was safe while zoysiagrass was slightly injured within acceptable level with benefin. 3. Oryzalin caused injury both on creeping bentgrass and zoysiagrass. However, the injury of zoysigrass was within acceptable level while the injury of creeping bentgrass increased without acceptable level when applied at>5kg/ha. 4. Creeping bentgrass was tolerant to pendimethalin only when treated at<3.4kg/ha whereas zoysiagrass was tolerant regardless of rate. 5. Creeping bentgrass treated with fenoxaprop, oxadiazon, and bensulide were severely injured. However, turfgrasses treated with bensulide recovered rapidly when compared with fenoxaprop and oxadiazon. 6. Zoysiagrass treated with 2,4-D, dicambe, bentazon was safe when applied at mid summer.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.232-341
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• 2011

Pink snow mold, caused by Microdochium nivale, is a major disease on cool season turfgrasses in golf courses in northern Unites States. The relative susceptibility of 17 commercial cultivars of three bentgrass species (creeping, colonial and velvet bentgrass) to Microdochium nivale and the aggressiveness of M. nivale eight isolates obtained from infected turfgrasses on golf courses in Wisconsin were evaluated under controlled conditions. For the field trial, susceptibility of 2 year-old 12 commercial bentgrass cultivars was evaluated after inoculating three M. nivale isolates in the fields. There were significant differences in disease severities among the three bentgrass species, particularly between tetraploids (creeping and colonial) and diploid (velvet) species, and among cultivars within each species, indicating that there are varying levels of susceptibility in species and cultivars to M. nivale. Host resistance by days of cold hardening was confirmed, by detecting the resistance by 30 days of cold hardening treatments. In field trial, susceptibility of 12 bentgrass cultivars was highly correlated to the results obtained from growth chamber experiments. The positive correlation of the susceptibility between growth chamber experiments and field trials demonstrates that the growth chamber method is a useful technique for saving time, space and labor to evaluate efficiently pink snow mold susceptibility of bentgrass cultivars. This study could be applied to evaluating susceptibility of bentgrass to pink snow mold and also predicting a prospective evaluation of bentgrass cultivars to pink snow mold in fields in a breeding program.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.273-280
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• 2000

This study was conducted to evaluate an efficiency of plant growth regulator trinexapacethy(Primo) on the growth response of bentgrass and the change to soil water content in bentgrass green. Based on the results of the study, the following results were observed. 1. During four weeks after treatment, the visual color and turfgrass density of all the treated plots with trinexapac-ethyl(Primo) were more improved rather than without. Two treatments trinexapac-ethyl /$0.02mL\m^2$ and $0.04mL/\m^2$ were more favorable than other treatments. 2. It suggested that optimum rate to reduce the bentgrass growth and to increase the turfgrass density was the trinexapac-ethyl $0.04mL/\m^2$. 3. For six weeks after treatment, all treated plots were not significantly different (P<0.05) in turfgrass root length and root dry weitht. 4. In the treated plots with trinexapac-ethyl $0.04mL/\m^2$ for 25days in bentgrass green, soil water consumption was approximately 35% to 40% compare to the non-treated control.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.167-170
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• 2013

This study examined the growth performance and field evaluation of the dual herbicide-resistant transgenic creeping bentgrass plants. The effect of glyphosate treatment on the herbicide resistance of the transgenic creeping bentgrass plants was determined, and the non-transgenic control plant withered at the concentration $11{\mu}g/mL$ or higher whereas the transgenic creeping bentgrass plants survived the treatment at the concentration of $3,000{\mu}g/mL$, and the increase of the plant length was repressed as the glyphosate treatment concentration was increased. At field evaluation, glufosinate-ammonium and glyphosate were simultaneously treated to investigate the weed control effect. The results showed that more than 90% of the weeds withered four week after herbicide treatment, while the transgenic creeping bentgrass plants continued to grow normally. Therefore, the dual herbicide-resistant creeping bentgrass plants may be able to greatly contribute to the efficiency of weed control and to the economic feasibility of mowing in places such as golf courses.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.135-139
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• 2012

Creeping bentgrass 는 골프장의 티나 퍼팅그린 그리고 경기장과 같이 집중관리가 요구되는 곳에 가장 많이 사용되는 잔디의 종류중 하나이다. 골프장에서 계속해서 발생하는 디봇과 같은 피해는 골프장을 관리하는데 있어서 가장 큰 장애요인중 하나이다. 디봇피해를 회복하기 위한 많은 연구결가가 선행 되었음에도 불구하고, 질소의 유형에 따른 디봇피해의 회복에 대해서는 그 연구결과가 제한적이다. 본 연구는 creeping bentgrass 에 발생한 디봇 피해에 대한 질소의 유형별 효과에 대해 알아보기 위해서 수행되었다. 11가지 질소가 creeping bentgrass 'Penncross' 에 시비되었다. 첫번째 시비처리 이전에 일정한 단위규격당 디봇피해가 만들어 졌으며 피해가 생긴 빈자리에 원토양이 채워졌다. 실험기간동안 잔디의 색과 질이 평가되었다. 질소의 분해속도에 따른 효과는 디봇피해를 회복시키거나 creeping bentgrass 생육에 대해 영향을 미치지는 않았다. 총 4번에 걸쳐 시비한 urea 처리구는 질소가 시비되지 않은 대조구와 비교했을때 디봇의 회복이나 creeping bentgrass 생육에 대해 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 디봇피해에 대한 회복과 creeping bentgrass 생육에 대해 polyon 제품군, 특히 polyon mini (41-0-0)가 가장 좋은 효과를 보여 주었다. 본 실험결과 입자의 지름이 작은 완효성질소가 입자의 지름이 큰 완효성질소나 속효성질소 보다 creeping bentgrass 에 발생한 디봇피해의 회복에 좋은 효과를 나타냈다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.267-276
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• 2006

월동기간 동안 zoysiauass [Zoysia matrella (L.) Merr]와 creeping bentgrass(Agrostis palustris Hunds)의 뿌리에서 저온 스트레스에 대한 생리학적 반응을 규명하기 위해 지질과산화 정도와 효소적 항산화 반응 및 탄수화물의 변화를 조사하였다. 1월 말 Creeping bentgrass의 뿌리 고사율은 zoysiagrass 보다 약 20% 현저히 높게 나타났다. Creeping bentgrass의 뿌리 성장은 온도변화와 거의 평행하게 변화하였으나 zoysiauass는 뿌리 성장에 거의 변화가 없이 4월 말까지 유지되었다. Polyssacharide(starch+fructan)의 함량은 두 품종에서 별다른 차이는 발견되지 않았으나 zoysiagrass의 총비구조적 탄수화물이 creeping bentgrass에 비해 약 10% 높게 나타났다. Malondialdehyde(MDA)의 농도는 creeping bentgrass에서 현저히 높게 나타났다. Creeping bentgrass의 peroxidase의 활성은 zoysiagrass에 비해 약 4.2 배 높았으나 superoxide(SOD)와 catalase(CAT)의 활성은 각각 22%와 67% 낮았다. 이상의 결과들은 creeping bentgrass 보다 zoysiagrass가 월동 기간 중 저온 내성 메커니즘을 우선적으로 작동시키며 저온 스트레스에 대해 덜 민감하다는 것을 잘 나타내고 있다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.437-442
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• 2015

Studies to estimate seed longevity and dormancy of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) were conducted from 2000 to 2005 at Corvallis and Hermiston, Oregon. Seeds from three transgenic glyphosate resistant creeping bentgrass lines, 48-10, 48-13, and ASR368, and one non-transgenic glyphosate susceptible line, SR1020, were used. Creeping bentgrass seeds were buried at 3, 18 and 31 cm in 2000 and removed 6, 12, 18, 24, and 51 months later. Soil type and climatic conditions were different at the two locations. At Corvallis, the soil was a Malabon silty clay loam, and the winters wet and mild. The soil at Hermiston was an Adkins fine sandy loam, and winters drier and colder. Seeds of all creeping bentgrass lines deteriorated faster at Corvallis than at Hermiston. The estimated half-lives of creeping bentgrass lines buried at Corvallis were 8.4 to 20.2 months, while those buried at Hermiston were 8.4 to 37.7 months. At both sites, seeds of the glyphosate resistant lines, 48-10 and 48-13, deteriorated faster than the susceptible line, SR1020. However, seed deterioration in the resistant line, ASR368, was slower than all other creeping bentgrass lines. Based on the germination test, exhumed intact seeds at Corvallis were more dormant than those at Hermiston. If buried, it could be expected that viable creeping bentgrass seeds will persist more than 4 years after the seeds are introduced to a site, but environmental conditions can influence both seed longevity and dormancy.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.177-183
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• 2011

벤트그라스 3종류의 품종에 대한 감수성을 잎 조각 검정와 전체식물에 대하여 9개의 Microdochum nivale 균주를 이용하여 온도가 조절된 공간에서 평가 하였다. 위스콘신 골프장에서 감염된 병반에서 얻은 자주색 설부병 균주에 대하여 온도와 살균제에 대한 반응시험을 하였다. 잎 조각 검정과와 전체식물을 이용한 시험은 80일된 잔디로 평가하였다. 9균주는 2종류의 살균제에 감수성이 었으며, 온도에 대하여 균주간에 차이를 보였다. 잎조각을 이용한 검정에서도 벤트그라스 품종과 종간에도 뚜렸한 차이를 보였다. 전체식물을 이용한 시험에서도 품종과 종간에 병 심각성에 차이를 보였는데, 특별히 4배수체인 크리핑과 콜로니얼 벤트그라스와 2배체인 벨벧벤트그라스 종과 품종간에 M. nivale 균주에 대한 감수성 차이를 보였다. 이 연구는 자주색 설부병에 대한 벤트그라스 평가에 응용될 수 있고, 육종을 하는데도 품종간에 전망적인 예측 평가을 하는데 필요한 자료로 쓰일 수 있을 것이다.