• 복합신소재구조학회 논문집
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2012

This study presents a governing equations of bending behavior of anisotropic sandwich plates with multi-layered laminated composite faces. Based on zig-zag models for through thickness deformations, the shear deformation of composite faces is included. All edges of plate are assumed to be simply supported. Results of the bending analysis under lateral loads are presented for the influence of various lay up sequences of antisymmetric angle-ply laminated faces. The accuracy of the approach is ascertained by comparing solutions from the sandwich plates theory with composite faces to the laminated plates theory. Since the present analysis considers the bending stiffness of the core and also the transverse shear deformations of the laminated faces, the proposed method showed higher than that calculated according to the general laminated plates theory. The information presented might be useful to design sandwich plates structure with polymer matrix composite faces.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.597-610
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• 2017

This paper presents a mathematical model for fixed-end moments of I-sections with straight haunches for the general case (symmetrical and/or non-symmetrical) subjected to a concentrated load localized anywhere on beam taking into account the bending deformations and shear, which is the novelty of this research. The properties of the cross section of the beam vary along its axis "x", i.e., the flange width "b", the flange thickness "t", the web thickness "e" are constant and the height "d" varies along of the beam, this variation is linear type. The compatibility equations and equilibrium are used to solve such problems, and the deformations anywhere of beam are found by the virtual work principle through exact integrations using the software "Derive" to obtain some results. The traditional model takes into account only bending deformations, and others authors present tables considering the bending deformations and shear, but are restricted. A comparison between the traditional model and the proposed model is made to observe differences, and an example of structural analysis of a continuous highway bridge under live load is resolved. Besides the effectiveness and accuracy of the developed models, a significant advantage is that fixed-end moments are calculated for any cross section of the beam "I" using the mathematical formulas.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.689-697
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• 2018

This paper presents a model of the elastic curve for rectangular beams with straight haunches under uniformly distributed load and moments in the ends considering the bending and shear deformations (Timoshenko Theory) to obtain the deflections and rotations on the beam, which is the main part of this research. The traditional model of the elastic curve for rectangular beams under uniformly distributed load considers only the bending deformations (Euler-Bernoulli Theory). Also, a comparison is made between the proposed and traditional model of simply supported beams with respect to the rotations in two supports and the maximum deflection of the beam. Also, another comparison is made for beams fixed at both ends with respect to the moments and reactions in the support A, and the maximum deflection of the beam. Results show that the proposed model is greater for simply supported beams in the maximum deflection and the traditional model is greater for beams fixed at both ends in the maximum deflection. Then, the proposed model is more appropriate and safe with respect the traditional model for structural analysis, because the shear forces and bending moments are present in any type of structure and the bending and shear deformations appear.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제10권1호통권34호
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• pp.11-24
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• 1998

복합샌드위치평판은 복합재료를 갖으면서 강성이 있는 얇은 면재와 저밀도인 두꺼운 심재로 구성되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 국부전단변형을 고려한 복합면재를 갖는 샌드위치평판을 해석을 위한 지배방정식을 유도하였고, 해석적인 방법으로 해석을 하였다. 해석방법의 타당성을 확인하기 위하여 전체 전단변형을 고려한 일반 적층판 이론의 값과 비교하였다. 그리고 복합면재와 심재의 국부전단변형을 고려하였으므로 일반 적층판 해석에도 적용시킬 수 있음을 보였다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.141-163
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• 2016

Fiber models have been developed and applied to various structural elements such as shear walls, beams and columns. Only scarcely have fiber models been applied to circular foundation systems such as cast in drilled holes shafts (CIDH). In pile foundations with constraint head boundary conditions, shear deformations can easily contribute to the lateral pile response. However, soil structure interaction formulations such as the p-y method, commonly used for lateral pile design, do not include structural shear deformations in its traditional derivation method. A fiber model that couples shear and axial-bending behavior, originally developed for wall elements was modified and validated on circular cross sections (columns) before being applied to a 0.61 m diameter reinforced concrete (RC) pile with fixed head boundary conditions. The analytical response was compared to measured test results of a fixed head test pile to investigate the possible impact of pile shear deformations on the displacement, shear, and moment profiles of the pile. Results showed that shear displacements and forces are not negligible and suggest that nonlinear shear deformations for RC piles should be considered for fixed-head or similar conditions. Appropriate sensor layout is recommended to capture shear deformation when deriving p-y curves from field measurements.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.353-368
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• 2022

Wind turbine blades are adjusted in real-time according to the wind conditions and blade deformations to improve power generation efficiency. It is necessary to predict and reduce the aeroelastic deformations of wind turbine blades. In this paper, the equivalent model of the blade is established by the finite element method (FEM), and the aerodynamic load of the blade is evaluated based on the blade element momentum (BEM) theory. The aeroelastic coupling model is established, in which the bending-torsion coupling effect of the blade is taken into account. The steady and dynamic aeroelastic deformations are calculated. The influences of the blade section's shear centre position and the blade's sweepback design on the deformations are analyzed. The novel approaches of reducing the twist angle of the blade by changing the shear centre position and sweepback of the blade are presented and proven to be feasible.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 1999년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.215-218
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• 1999

A general structural model, which is an extension of the Vlassov theory, is developed for the analysis of composite rotor blades with elastic couplings. A comprehensive analysis applicable to both thick-and thin-walled composite beams, which can have either open- or closed profile is formulated. The theory accounts for the effects of elastic couplings, shell wall thickness, and transverse shear deformations. A semi-complementary energy functional is used to account for the shear stress distribution in the shell wall. The bending and torsion related warpings and the shear correction factors are obtained in closed form as part of the analysis. The resulting first order shear deformation theory describes the beam kinematics in terms of the axial, flap and lag bending, flap and lag shear, torsion and torsion-warping deformations. The theory is validated against experimental results for various cross-section beams with elastic couplings.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.377-392
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• 2001

The response of multi-story building structures to lateral loads, mainly due to earthquake and wind, is investigated for preliminary design purposes. Emphasis is placed on structural systems consisting of rigid and braced steel frames. An attempt to gain a qualitative understanding of the influence of bending and shear stiffness distribution on the deformations of such structures is made. This is achieved by modeling the structure with a stiffness equivalent Timoshenko beam. It is observed that the conventional stiffness distribution, dictated by strength constraints, may not be the best to satisfy deflection criteria. This is particularly the case for slender structural systems with prevailing bending deformations, such as flexible braced frames. This suggests that a new approach to the design of such frames may be appropriate when serviceability governs. A pertinent strategy for preliminary design purposes is proposed.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1569-1582
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• 2015

Two hyperbolic displacement models are used for the bending response of simply-supported orthotropic laminated composite plates resting on two-parameter elastic foundations under mechanical loading. The models contain hyperbolic expressions to account for the parabolic distributions of transverse shear stresses and to satisfy the zero shear-stress conditions at the top and bottom surfaces of the plates. The present theory takes into account not only the transverse shear strains, but also their parabolic variation across the plate thickness and requires no shear correction coefficients in computing the shear stresses. The governing equations are derived and their closed-form solutions are obtained. The accuracy of the models presented is demonstrated by comparing the results obtained with solutions of other theories models given in the literature. It is found that the theories proposed can predict the bending analysis of cross-ply laminated composite plates resting on elastic foundations rather accurately. The effects of Winkler and Pasternak foundation parameters, transverse shear deformations, plate aspect ratio, and side-to-thickness ratio on deflections and stresses are investigated.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2019

횡력을 받는 전단벽-골조 시스템은 휨거동을 하는 전단벽과 전단거동을 하는 골조가 슬래브의 강체평면운동(Diaphragm Action)을 통하여 상호작용하여 수평력에 효율적으로 저항하는 시스템이다. 횡력을 받는 골조의 거동은 보와 기둥의 휨 변형에 의한 골조의 수평 전단변형과 기둥의 축 변형에 의한 골조의 휨 변형으로 구분 할 수 있다. 일반적으로 전단벽-골조 시스템의 근사해석 시 골조의 휨변형은 무시하여 왔으나, 건물의 높이가 증가 할수록 골조의 휨 거동은 큰 영향을 미칠 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 횡력을 받는 전단벽-골조 시스템의 근사해석 시 기둥의 축 변형을 고려하기위하여 병렬전단벽 시스템(Coupled Shear Wall System)의 해석 시 사용하는 연속매체모델(Continuous Medium Model)을 이용하여 횡 변위 및 부재력을 산정할 수 있는 근사식을 수정 제시 하였다. 새롭게 제시된 근사식을 검토하기 위하여 기존 식과 컴퓨터에 의한 Matrix해석 결과와 비교하였으며, 비교결과 건물 높이가 높을수록 본 연구에서 제시한 근사해석 식이 기존 식보다 Matrix 해석 결과에 가깝게 나타났다.