• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.1010-1029
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this research was to survey middle school students' preference for science and its causal factors, so as to analyze the causal relationships between them. Preference for science and its causal factors were defined theoretically, and a theoretical model was constructed to measure them and analyze the causal relationship by structural equation modeling. According to the theoretical model and a pilot test, a questionnaire was developed with three parts; the background information of a respondent, the preference for science, and the causal factors of preference. The questionnaire was administered to one class per grade of randomly selected 8 middle schools from 4 areas across the country, and 819 students' data were collected. Preference for science was defined as a state of mind. It revealed to what extent, and how, one likes science. It consisted of 3 categories - 'emotional response', 'behavioral volition', 'valuational comprehension', and each category was divided into two subcategories. Causal factors affecting the preference for science consisted of three categories - personal, educational and social factors, and each was divided into 2 or 3 subcategories. Middle school students' preference for science was middling as a total. Curiosity about contents of science and valuation of science were high, comparatively, but behavioral volition about science was especially low. Students' responses to the causal factors were relatively high in every educational factor and sociocultural valuation of social factors, but relatively low in socioeconomic rewards of social factors, and especially low in personal factors. The causal relationship about the preference for science was investigated by multiple regression analysis and path analysis, using the structural equation model. Multiple regression analysis about the preference for science and its causal factors revealed important factors. The important factors were personal ability, the personal traits, rewards in school science, and contents of school science in order of magnitude of standardized regression coefficient ${\beta}$. Stepwise regression analysis with each of the subcategories of the preference for science as dependent variables showed what factors were important in each subcategory. According to the result of structural equation modeling, personal factors affected 'emotional response' and 'behavioral volition' directly, and social factors affected 'valuational comprehension' directly. Educational factors affected all categories of the preference for science by influencing not only 'emotional response' and 'valuational comprehension' directly, but also 'behavioral volition' indirectly. The way to promote middle school students' preference for science was suggested, based on the analysis result.

• 시큐리티연구
• /
• 제8호
• /
• pp.309-336
• /
• 2004

Approximately equivalent to character disorder or character neuroses or behavioral reaction. For a discussion of the term as used currently, in the 1968 revision of psychiatric nomenclature(DSM-II). In DSM-I(1952 nomenclature), this term referred to those cases in which the personality, in its struggle for adjustment to internal and external stresses, utilized primarily a pattern of action or behavior rather than symptoms in the mental, somatic or emotional spheres. There is minimal subjective anxiety and little or no sense of distress. As thus defined, there are three main groups of personality disorder, personality pattern disturbance, personality trait disturbance and sociopathic, personality disturbance. Morton Prince asks whether a subconscious process can perform the same function as are ordinarily performed by conscious intelligence that is to say memory, perception, reasoning, imagination, volition, affectivity, etc? He cites clinical material at great length, concluding that the quality of the functions performed they frequently exhibit, that which is characteristic of intelligence.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
• /
• 제48권3호
• /
• pp.303-328
• /
• 2009

In this study, we developed the teaching methods using manipulative materials to teach regular polytopes, and applied these to first-year student of middle school who is attending the extra math class. In that class, we focused on the change of the mathematical representations -especially verval, visual and symbolic representations- and mathematical behavioral. By analyzing characterstics the students' work sheets, we obtained affirmative results as follows. First, manipulative materials played an important role on drawing a development figure of regular polyhtopes describing the verval representation definition of regular polytopes. Second, classes utilizing manipulative materials changed students verbalism level of representations the definition of regular polytopes. For example, in the first class about 60% of students are in the $0{\sim}2$ vervalism level, but in the third class, about 65% of students are in the $6{\sim}7$ level. Third, classes utilizing manipulative materials improved visual representation about development figure. After experiences making several development figures about regular octahedron directly, and discussion, students found out key points to be considered for draws development figure and this helped to draw development figures about other regular polytopes. Fourth, students were unaccustomed to make symbolic representations of regular polytopes. But, they obtained same improvement in symbolic representations, so in fifth the class some students try to make symbol about something in common of whole regular polytopes. Fifth, after the classes, we have significant differences in the students, especially behavioral characteristics in II items such as mind that want to study own fitness, interest, attachment, spirit of inquiry, continuously mathematics posthumously. This means that classes using manipulative materials. Specially, 'mind that want to study mathematics continuously' showed the biggest difference, and it may give positive influence to inculcates mathematics studying volition while suitable practical use of manipulative materials. To conclude, classes using manipulative materials may help students enhance the verbal, visual representation, and gestates symbol representation. Also, the class using manipulative materials may give positive influence in some part of mathematical behavioral characteristic. Therefore, if we use manipulative materials properly in the class, we have more positive effects on the students cognitive perspect and behavioral cteristics.

• 한국초등상담교육학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국초등상담교육학회 2004년도 학술대회
• /
• pp.189-204
• /
• 2004

We can usually found the children who do overactive and aggressive behaviors. They disrupt classroom order and cause other children immense damage. Their teachers exert themselves to control or manage them in class. This may lead to a reduction of precious time for teaching-learning classroom activities. This study has counseled those children doing overactive and aggressive behaviors with solution-focused brief counseling. This study also explores the following problems. First, how does solution-focused brief counseling affect their overactive and aggressive behaviors? Second, what changes do they experience through solution-focused brief counseling? Third, is solution-focused brief counseling useful in elementary schools? To do this study task, four students have been chosen with the help of teachers in the fifth year at B Elementary School in Ansan. The four children scored high in Mi-hyun Han's 'The ratings of the child's behavior problems' and Se-Yong Jeong's 'Life of school and behavior test'. They are all eleven years old and had two interviews before the experiment and five interviews during the experiment. The analysis of the counseling has been interpreted according to the different analytical methods based on the tasks. Solution-focused brief counseling's effect on children doing overactive and aggressive behaviors has been studied by quantity-analysis method, their changes in behaviors by quality analysis method; phenomenal and psychological method and the usefulness of this counseling in school surroundings by the joint of above two methods. The analysis has provided the following results. First, solution-focused brief counseling has been effective in the reduction of behavioral problems for those children doing overactive and aggressive behaviors and the continuation of the counseling has had a positive effect but it has depended on the individual characteristics and the degree of severity in their behaviors. Second, solution-focused brief counseling has lent itself to encouraging children to have egostrength, confidence, and volition in their behavioral changes with a favorable attitude to the counseling. Third, The egostrength formed through counseling has led children to a progressive direction of their behaviors in their school life. The increasing frequency in counseling has caused a decreasing time-period expected for counseling, and a feasibility of counseling with less resistance. In conclusion, solution -focused brief counseling may be a useful means to help children have positive self-esteem and lead a proper school life, leading to be a helpful facilitation for school site facing a deficiency of counseling.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.892-905
• /
• 2002

과학교육에서 흥미나 신념과 같은 정의적 특성에 대한 강조는 점점 부각되고 있으나 실제 학생들의 과학에 대한 흥미는 감소하는 추세이며 특히 과학 관련 진로 기피 현상은 최근 심각한 사회문제가 되고 있다. 특히 실업계 고등학생의 경우에는 과학에 대한 기피가 더욱 심하고 국가사회나 과학교육계에서 관련 연구도 별로 없다. 본 연구에서는 실업계 고등학생의 과학 관련된 정의적 특성을 과학선호도로 정의하고 이를 측정하며 과학선호도의 인과요인을 분석하여 실업계 고등학생의 과학선호도 증진을 위한 시사점을 도출하였다. 여기서 과학선호도는 다차원성을 가진 정의적 특성으로 과학과 과학학습에 대한 감정적 반응을 포함하여 과학 관련 행동 의지와 과학 관련 가치를 포함하는 개념이며, 이를 측정하기 위해 범주별로 리커트형의 설문을 개발하였다. 또, 과학선호도의 인과요인을 개인의 능력이나 성향, 가정환경과 같은 개인적 요인과, 학교안 과학교육의 내용과 보상, 학교밖 과학관련 활동과 같은 교육적 요인, 과학기술에 대한 경제적 보상이나 사회문화적 분위기가 같은 사회적 요인으로 구분하여 역시 리커트형 설문 및 자유응답형 질문을 통해 측정하였다. 과학선호도에 영향을 미치는 인과관계는 선형회귀분석과 공변량 구조분석을 통하여 확인하였다. 과학선호도 조사 결과 실업고 학생의 과학선호도는 대체로 낮은 편이다. 과학 내용에 대한 호기심과 과학에 대한 가치는 비교적 높으나 과학학습에 대해서, 특히 과제 실행이나 진로 선택 등 과학을 선호하여 행동으로 실천하려는 의지 면에서는 부정적인 태도를 보이고 있다. 이러한 과학선호도 실태에 영향을 주는 요인으로 개인적 요인은 과학에 대한 감정반응과 행동의지에 직접적인 영향을 주고, 사회적 요인은 과학에 대한 감정반응과 가치확립에 직접 영향을 준다. 한편 교육적 요인은 과학선호도에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 것이 아니라 개인적 요인과 사회적 요인에 영향을 줌으로 인해 결과적으로 과학선호도의 모든 범주에 고루 영향을 준다.