• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.203-206
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• 2002

One of the ever-increasing demands on the performances of heterodyne interferometers is to improve the measurement resolution, of which current state-of-the-art reaches the region of sub-nanometers. We propose a new scheme of phase-measuring electronics that reduces the measurement resolution without further increase in clock speed. Our scheme adopts a super-heterodyne technique that lowers the original beat frequency to a level of 1 MHz by mixing it with electrically generated reference signal. The technique enables us to measure the phase of Doppler shift with a resolution of 1.58 nanometer at a sampling rate of 1 MHz. To avoid the undesirable decrease in the maximum measurable speed caused by the lowered beat frequency, a special from of frequency up-down counting technique is combined with the super-heterodyning. This alloys performing required phase unwrapping simply by using programmable digital gates without 2$\pi$ ambiguities up to the maximum velocity of 2.35 m/s.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.111-114
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• 1996

Mucociliary transport is one of the essential defensive functions of the airway mucosa. In this paper, the objective and quantitative method of measuring CBF(Ciliary Beat Frequency) was developed based on the image processing method. Microscopic ciliary images are acquired through image processing board inside PC, and data necessary for the FFT(Fast Fourier Transform) analysis are extracted. By means of FFT analysis, maximum peak frequencies are found in each divided block of a whole acquired image. Finally using these frequencies, we compose a frequency map showing the spatial distribution of CBF's.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.2511-2517
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• 2009

오래전부터 활용되어진 FMCW 레이다는 최근에 와서 고해상도 단거리 탐지 및 추적 등의 목적으로 다양하게 사용되어지고 있다. 이러한 레이다는 비교적 간단하게 구현이 가능할 뿐만 아니라 저 전력의 첨두치 신호를 넓은 주파수 대역에 걸쳐서 송신하는 방식이기 때문에 외부기기에 의한 전자파 신호의 탐지 가능성을 현저히 낮출 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있다. 이러한 레이다에서는 주파수 변조된 연속적인 파형의 신호를 송신하고 목표물에 의한 반사신호의 복조 시에도 이러한 신호를 기준 주파수로 사용한다. 따라서 목표물의 거리 및 속도 정보 모두 비트 주파수 형태로 수신되어진다. 즉 이러한 비트 스펙트럼 영역에서 물체의 탐지여부를 판단하고 관련 정보를 추출하게 된다. 따라서 비트 스펙트럼 추정의 정확도 및 해상도가 우수하여야 한다. 그러나 기존의 FFT(Fast Fourier Transform) 방식에 의한 스펙트럼 추정은 레이다 수신 신호의 획득시간이 짧을 경우 높은 주파수 해상도 및 낮은 부엽크기를 유지 할 수 없는 문제가 발생하게 된다. 이러한 문제는 반사신호의 강도가 현저히 다른 인접 목표물들 간의 탐지를 어렵게 할뿐만 아니라 추출된 정보의 신뢰성을 떨어트린다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 모델 파라메터 추정 방법인 AR(Autoregressive) 및 EV(Eigenvector) 스펙트럼 추정을 적용하여 이러한 문제점들을 개선하였으며 그 모의실험 결과들을 비교하고 분석하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제67권7호
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• pp.898-902
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• 2018

A novel heart beat interval estimation algorithm is presented based on parabola approximation method. This paper presented a two-step processing scheme; a first stage is finding R-peak in the Electrocardiogram (ECG) by Shannon energy envelope estimator and a secondary stage is computing the interpolated peak location by parabola approximation. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm performs better than with the previous method using low sampled ECG signals.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제61권7호
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• pp.1024-1031
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• 2012

In this paper, FMCW type radar level transmitter using correlation analysis method is implemented for precise distance measurement of cargo tank. FMCW type radar level transmitter is the device for distance measurement which calculates the distance by analyzing the beat frequency, that is, the frequency difference between Tx and RX signal from radar antenna using Fast Fourier Transform(FFT), but compensated algorithm like Zoom FFT is needed for the improvement of the frequency precision because the frequency precision of FFT is limited depending on sampling frequency and the number of sampling data. In case of Zoom FFT, the number of sampling data and noisy signal are the main factor influencing the measurement accuracy of Zoom FFT like FFT. Therefore, in order to overcome the limited environment and achieve the precise measurement, correlation coefficient is used for the distance measurement and the errors of measurement are verified to be in the range of ${\pm}1mm$.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2018

This paper introduces the design, casting, and sound evaluation results of the Great Bell of 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympics. The Olympic Bell was manufactured to announce the opening of the successful Winter Olympics in the world with a grand sound. The bell was designed to the dynamic shape to give a grand and harmonious sound in consideration of the global sports festival. In this study, the performance of the beat making the sound magnificent and the harmony of the bell sound were quantitatively evaluated using acoustical factors. Beat maps were investigated to understand the directivity of the beating sound. The purpose of the research is to present the production technique of a traditional Korean bell that has a dynamic shape and a grand and harmonious sound.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.2187-2193
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• 2010

주파수 변조된 연속적인 파형을 사용하는 레이다는 펄스 도플러 레이다에 비하여 구현이 비교적 간단하고 광대역, 저전력 신호의 특성 때문에 외부 탐지 가능성이 낮은 장점을 가진다. 이러한 레이다는 주로 단거리 영역에서 목표물에 대한 고해상도의 거리 및 속도정보를 얻고자 하는 목적으로 많이 활용되고 있다. 따라서 송신신호의 파형을 믹서로 인가하여 추출되는 비트 신호(beat signal)로부터 클러터 제거, 목표물에 대한 탐지여부, 거리 및 속도 정보추출 등의 목적으로 FFT(Fast Fourier Transform) 를 통한 스펙트럼 분석을 행하게 된다. 그러나 이러한 FFT 방법은 신호의 획득시간이 줄어들면 윈도우 효과로 인한 심각한 누설현상, 즉 지표면 반사파 등 강력한 클러터의 부엽에 의하여 상대적으로 낮은 전력을 갖는 신호의 탐지가 불가능해지는 문제가 생길 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위하여 부엽의 크기를 낮추면서도 주파수 해상도를 적절하게 유지시킬 수 있는 가중치 윈도우 적용 방법에 대하여 분석하였다. 또한 다양한 동작환경을 고려한 모의 비트 신호를 발생시켜 가중치 윈도우 적용 방법에 따른 FFT 스펙트럼 분석 결과들을 고찰하였다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.449-458
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• 1996

Most of the conventional electrocardiowaphs foil to detect signals other than P-QRS-T due to the limited SNR and bandwidth. High-resolution electrocardiography(HRECG) provides better SNR and wider bandwidth for the detection of micro-potentials with higher frequency components such as vontricular late potentials(LP). We have developed a HRECG using uncorrected XYZ lead for the detection of LPs. The overall gain of the amplifier is 4000 and the bandwidth is 0.5-300Hz without using 60Hz notch filter. Three 16-bit A/D converters sample X, Y, and Z signals simultaneously with a sampling frequency of 2000Hz. Sampled data are transmitted to a PC via a DMA-controlled, optically-coupled serial communication channel. In order to further reduce the noise, we implemented a signal averaging algorithm that averaged many instances of aligned beats. The beat alignment was carried out through the use of a template matching technique that finds a location maximizing cross-correlation with a given beat tem- plate. Beat alignment error was reduced to $\pm$0.25ms. FIR high-pass filter with cut-off frequency of 40Hz was applied to remove the low frequency components of the averaged X, Y, and Z signals. QRS onset and end point were determined from the vector magnitude of the sigrlaIL and some parameters needed to detect the existence of LP were estimated. The entire system was designed for the easy application of the future research topics including the optimal lead system, filter design, new parameter extraction, etc. In the developed HRECG, without signal averaging, the noise level was less than 5$\mu$V$_rms RTI$. With signal averaging of at least 100 beats, the noise level was reduced to 0.5$\mu$V$_rms RTI$, which is low enough to detect LPs. The developed HRECG will provide a new advanced functionality to interpretive ECG analyzers.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2005년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.493-496
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• 2005

For home healthcare, the unconstrained measurement of physiological signal is highly required to avoid the inconvenience of users. The recording and analysis of the fundamental parameters during sleep like respiration and heart beat provide valuable information on his/her healthcare. Using the air mattress sensor system, the respiration and heart beat movements can be measured without any harness or sensor on the subject's body. The differential measurement technique between two air cells is adopted to enhance the sensitivity. The balancing tube between two air cells is used to increase the robustness against postural changes during the measurement period. The meaningful frequency range could be selected by the pneumatic filter with balancing tube. ECG (Electrocardiography) and respiration sensor (plethysmography) were measured for comparison with the signal from air mattress. To extract the heart beat information from air pressure sensor, digital signal processing technique was used. The accuracy for breathing interval and heart beat monitoring was acceptable. It shows the potentials of air mattress sensor system to be the unconstrained home sleep monitoring system.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.302-312
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• 2000

8-VSB(Vestigial Side- Band) 변조 기술을 이용하여 ATSC(Advanced Television Systems Committee) 규격을 만족하늑 디지털 TV 듀너를 개발하였다. 이중(double) 주파수 변환 방식 및 능동 트래킹 여파기를 이용하여 이미지 응답 및 IF(Intermediate Frequency) Beat성분들의 억압, 인접 채널과 다채널 수신 시 상호 간섭배제 성능올 만족한 수 있도록 하였다. 제작된 디지털 TV 튜너는 디지털 성능 평가에 필수적인 넓은 동작 범위, 통과 대역에서의 평탄도 및 낮은 위상 잡음 성능을 만족할 뿐만 아니라 아날로그 및 디지털 TV 수선기에 동시에 이용될 수 있다.