• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.432-443
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• 2014

In order to improve the output efficiency of solar cells and to extend the life span of batteries, the input currents of converters are required to be continuous. If low output voltage ripple is required at the same time, it is obvious that the application of basic two-order converters (such as Buck and Boost derived converters) will not be good enough. In this paper, a lot of non-isolated push-pull converters (NIPPCs) with continuous current will be introduced due to their lower current stress, higher efficiency and better EMC performance. By decomposing the converters into push-pull cells, inductor and free-wheeling diodes, two families of NIPPCs based on single inductor and coupled inductor separately are systematically generated. Furthermore, characteristics analyses for some of the generated converters are also shown in this paper. Finally, two prototypes based on the corresponding typical topologies are built in the lab to verify the theoretical outcomes.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.588-600
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• 2017

We develop a wireless, contact free power transfer mechanism that is safer than the direct metallic contact and robust to imperfect alignment on landing at the base station. A magnetic field is created using inductors on both the transmitting and receiving sides. We use the inductive wireless recharging to increase autonomy and decrease the sensor interference by reducing the inductor loop size. By locating four independent small receiver loops and corresponding four circuits around the quadrotor UAV, we can increase safety from circuit malfunctions in comparison to the use of just one loop. On the base station, four folding robotic bars are used to realign the receiver loops over the transmitter loops. After adequate recharging as measured by battery voltages or power consumption at the bae station, the UAV sends a signal to the base station to open the robotic bars and takes off once freed from the robotic bars.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.3566-3582
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• 2019

In intelligent warehouse picking system, the allocation of tasks has an important influence on the efficiency of the whole system because of the large number of robots and orders. The paper proposes a method to solve the task allocation problem that multi-robot task allocation problem is transformed into transportation problem to find a collision-free task allocation scheme and then improve the capability of task processing. The task time window and the power consumption of multi-robot (driving distance) are regarded as the utility function and the maximized utility function is the objective function. Then an integer programming formulation is constructed considering the number of task assignment on an agent according to their battery consumption restriction. The problem of task allocation is solved by table working method. Finally, simulation modeling of the methods based on table working method is carried out. Results show that the method has good performance and can improve the efficiency of the task execution.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.62-66
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• 2008

The characteristic of the superconducting magnetic energy storage(SMES) system is faster response, longer life time, more economical, and environment friendly than other uninterruptible power supply(UPS) using battery. So, the SMES system can be used to develop methods for improving power quality where a short interruption of power could lead to a long and costly shutdown. Recently, cryogen free SMES has developed using BSCCO(Bismuth Strontium Calcium Copper Oxide) wire. We fabricated and tested the conduction cooling system for the 600 kJ class HTS SMES. The experiment was accomplished for the simulation coils. The simulation coils were made of aluminium, it is equivalent to thermal mass of 600 kJ HTS SMES coil. The coil is cooled with two GM coolers through the copper conduction bar. In this paper, we report that the test results of cool-down and heat loads characteristics of the simulation coils. The developed conduction cooling system adapted to 600 kJ HTS SMES system and cope with the unexpected sudden heat impact, too.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.1442-1448
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• 2017

Recently, electric power systems have been operating with tight margins and have reached their operational limits. Many researchers consider a microgrid as one of the best solutions to relieve that problem. The microgrid is generally powered by renewable energies that are connected through power converters. In contrast to the rotational machines in the conventional power plants, the converters do not have physical rotors, and therefore they do not have rotational inertia. Consequently, a stand-alone microgrid has no inertia when it is powered by the only converter-based-generators (CBGs). As a result, the relationship between power and frequency is not valid, and the grid frequency cannot represent the power balance between the generator and load. In this paper, a superconducting flywheel energy storage system (SFESS) is applied to an inertia-free stand-alone (IFSA) microgrid. The SFESS accelerates or decelerates its rotational speed by storing or releasing power, respectively, based on its rotational inertia. Then, power in the IFSA microgrid can be balanced by measuring the rotor speed in the SFESS. This method does not have an error accumulation problem, which must be considered for the state of charge (SOC) estimation in the battery energy storage system (BESS). The performance of the proposed method is verified by an electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.159-164
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 기존의 IEEE 802.15.4 MAC 계층 표준으로 사용되는 슈퍼프레임 구조에서 1:N 상황의 네트워크를 대상으로 배터리 효율과 통신 성능이 개선된 슈퍼프레임 구조를 제안한다. 제안하는 슈퍼프레임은 2가지 구조를 변형 및 추가한다. 첫 번째, 비컨 도착 후에 제안하는 스케줄링 구간을 추가한다. 두 번째, 한 개의 경쟁 접근 구간을 2개로 분할한 구조로 변경한다. 엔드 디바이스의 LQI의 값에 따라 활성화 구간의 경쟁 접근 구간과 비경쟁 접근 구간으로 나누게 된다. 본 논문에서 기존의 CSMA/CA와 GTS할당에서의 배터리 소모와 비효율적인 프레임 전송 그리고 우선순위 고려에 대해 보완한다. $C{^+^+}$로 작성된 시스템 레벨 시뮬레이션을 통해, 그 결과 배터리 소모와 전송 성능이 향상되었음을 보여준다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.120-129
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• 2010

MANET(Mobile Ad-hoc Network)는 기존 기반 망의 도움 없이 자율적이며 임의로 이동 및 자체 구성이 가능한 이동 단말만으로 구성된 네트워크이다. 이러한 동적 노드들은 무선 링크로 연결되어 네트워크 내의 다른 노드들을 위한 라우터의 역할도 행한다. 라우터로서 MANET 상의 노드는 메시지를 보내면서 전력을 소모하게 되며, 네트워크 노드들의 수명 연장을 위해서는 패킷 라우팅에 있어서 소모되는 전체 전력을 최소화하도록 경로를 선택하는 것이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 라우팅 경로 상의 노드들의 전력 잔량을 고려한 라우팅 프로토콜을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 각 노드들의 배터리 과 사용을 막음으로써 전체 네트워크의 수명 연장에 기여할 수 있다. 각 노드의 전력 사용이 균등하게 사용될 수 있도록 라우팅 경로 설정 시 노드의 잔류 전력량을 고려하여 네트워크 토폴로지를 유지하는데 필요한 전력이상을 보유하고 있는 경로를 결정하여 패킷을 전송하게 된다. 시뮬레이션을 통하여 제안한 기법이 전력 소모량측면에서 MMBCR보다는 적음을 보이고, 잔류 전력편차에서는 MMBCR보다 많으나, 전체 전력 소모량만을 고려하면 MTPR과 MBCR보다 적음을 보여, 전체적인 토폴로지의 수명 연장 측면에서 매우 효율적임을 알 수 있다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.680-686
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• 2013

Tungsten oxide films were prepared by an electrochemical deposition method for use as the anode in rechargeable lithium batteries. Continuous potentiostatic deposition of the film led to numerous cracks of the deposits while pulsed deposition significantly suppressed crack generation and film delamination. In particular, a crack-free dense tungsten oxide film with a thickness of ca. 210 nm was successfully created by pulsed deposition. The thickness of tungsten oxide was linearly proportional to deposition time. Compositional and structural analyses revealed that the as-prepared deposit was amorphous tungsten oxide and the heat treatment transformed it into crystalline triclinic tungsten oxide. Both the as-prepared and heat-treated samples reacted reversibly with lithium as the anode for rechargeable lithium batteries. Typical peaks for the conversion processes of tungsten oxides were observed in cyclic voltammograms, and the reversibility of the heat-treated sample exceeded that of the as-prepared one. Consistently, the cycling stability of the heat-treated sample proved to be much better than that of the as-prepared one in a galvanostatic charge/discharge experiment. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using electrolytic tungsten oxide films as the anode in rechargeable lithium batteries. However, further works are still needed to make a dense film with higher thickness and improved cycling stability for its practical use.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.162-168
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• 2012

This paper considers the scenario in which a set of nodes share a common channel. Some nodes have a rechargeable battery and the others are plugged to a reliable power supply and, thus, have no energy limitations. We consider two source-destination pairs and apply the concept of cognitive radio communication in sharing the common channel. Specifically, we give high-priority to the energy-constrained source-destination pair, i.e., primary pair, and low-priority to the pair which is free from such constraint, i.e., secondary pair. In contrast to the traditional notion of cognitive radio, in which the secondary transmitter is required to relinquish the channel as soon as the primary is detected, the secondary transmitter not only utilizes the idle slots of primary pair but also transmits along with the primary transmitter with probability p. This is possible because we consider the general multi-packet reception model. Given the requirement on the primary pair's throughput, the probability p is chosen to maximize the secondary pair's throughput. To this end, we obtain two-dimensional maximum stable throughput region which describes the theoretical limit on rates that we can push into the network while maintaining the queues in the network to be stable. The result is obtained for both cases in which the capacity of the battery at the primary node is infinite and also finite.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.157-163
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• 2019

현재까지 피크완화 및 에너지 절감을 위해 한국전력공사 120여개 사옥에 K-BEMS (KEPCO Building Energy Management System)가 운영 중이다. 이 시스템은 PV, PCS, BESS, EMS 등으로 구성되어 있으며 건물에너지 수요예측을 기반으로 BESS, PV 등을 활용하여 에너지 관리를 도모하고 있다. 이 시스템은 단기 과거데이터에 신경망기법을 단순 적용하여 수요를 예측함에 따라 예측 정확도가 높지 않고 운영자 수작업을 통한 BESS 충방전으로 피크 저감이 곤란하며 운영 경제성 제고가 어려운 실정이다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 전력연구원에서는 2016년부터 3년간 연구과제를 수행하였는데 이를 통해 에러를 최소화하며 높은 신뢰도를 가지는 실시간 수요예측기법과 이에 기반한 BESS충방전 최적화 자동화 기술 개발, 성능을 검증하였기에 이를 본 논문에서 소개하고자 한다.