• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.5-11
• /
• 1981

The five fractions from the barks of Zanthoxylum coreanum in Je-ju Island are examined in detail chromatographically in this paper. 37 compounds are detected in all of the fractions, and the compounds from each of fractions are found to be presumed that this plant is classified into the same group as that of the temperate Zanthoxylum taxa but is different from the tropical zanthoxylum taxa by its chemical components.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.185-185
• /
• 2005

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.197-204
• /
• 2010

To establish the anti-inflammatory activity of the total flavonoid fraction of the root barks of Broussonetia papyrifera (EBP) and a new formula, the ethanol extract of the root barks of B. papyrifera was fractionated with ethylacetate, yielding the hydrophobic prenylated flavonoid-enriched fraction. EBP and the ethanol extract of the whole Lonicera japonica (ELJ) plant were then mixed at a ratio of 1:1 (w/w) to give a new preparation (BL) in the hope of obtaining an optimal formula with a higher anti-inflammatory activity. Evaluation of the effects of these preparations on A23187-treated rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-1) cells revealed that EBP potently inhibited 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), while ELJ showed weak inhibition. Additionally, the mixture (BL) clearly showed stronger inhibitory effects against 5-LOX than either preparation alone. These preparations also inhibited cyclooxygenase-2-catalyzed $PGE_2$ and inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase-catalyzed NO production by lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW 264.7 cells. When tested against arachidonic acid-induced mouse ear edema, EBP showed strong inhibitory activity at doses of 5-200 mg/kg when administered orally, but BL had obviously stronger inhibitory effects. When tested against ${\lambda}$-carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice, BL showed a potent and synergistic anti-inflammatory effect. In addition, in the acetic acid-induced writhing test, BL was found to have strong analgesic activity at 50-400 mg/kg. Taken together, these results indicate that each of these preparations exert anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo. In particular, BL showed stronger anti-inflammatory activity than EBP, and these anti-inflammatory effects were partially related to the inhibition of eicosanoid and NO production. BL may be useful for the treatment of human inflammatory disorders.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.71-76
• /
• 1999

The methanolic extracts from the elm (Ulmus davidiana var japonica) root barks which have been known as an oriental medicine Eubackpie for the treatment of edema, ulcer and inflammation were examined for their bacteriocidal effects on mastitis pathogens of milk cows. The growth of the pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus sp. No. 12 was markedly inhibited by the chloroform fraction among the extracts, and these antibacterial activities were also supported by MIC test. Water-soluble mucilage was obtained from the root barks with a yield of 36.8~40.2% by dry weight basis. This substance appeared to be a kind of polysaccharide with $61.0{\pm}1.0%$ carbohydrate content, and to have hygroscopic and astringent properties due to its high viscosity and water absorption.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.118-124
• /
• 2018

Juglans mandshurica is a fast growing hard species, which is a tree in family of Juglandaceae and has a wide distribution in China, Korea and eastern Russia. Plant materials from J. mandshurica have extensively been used in folk medicines to prevent or cure gastric, esophageal, lung and cardiac cancer. As one chain of our searching for anticomplementary agents from natural sources, two epimeric ellagitannins, [2,3-O-4,4',5,5',6,6',-hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP))-(${\alpha},{\beta}$)-D-glucose] (I) and pedunculagin (II) were purified from 70% acetone extracts of the stem barks of J. mandshurica by Thin Layer Chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography approaches. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were characterized by MS, NMR, and a careful comparation with published literatures. The epimeric ellagitannins I and II exhibited inhibitory properties against a classical pathway of complementary system with 50 % inhibitory concentrations ($IC_{50}$) values of 65.3 and $47.7{\mu}M$, respectively, comparing with riliroside ($IC_{50}=104{\mu}M$) and rosmarinic acid ($IC_{50}=182{\mu}M$), which were used as positive controls. Thus, the work indicated both the two secondary metabolites possess excellent inhibitory activity and might be developed as potential anticomplementary chemicals.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.341-345
• /
• 2009

Cerebral ischemia results from a transient or permanent reduction in cerebral blood flow that decreases oxygen and glucose supply. When the cellular oxygen supply is reduced to critical level, damage to cells and induction of cell death are occurred by excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and inflammation. Ischemia remains one of the leading causes of death, but there is no effective treatment that might protect neurons gainst ischemia by interrupting the cascade of cell death. In this study, human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells are exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) followed by reoxgenation. OGD can mimic the acute restriction of metabolite and oxygen supply caused by ischemia and is widely used as a model of ischemic conditions. SH-SY5Y cells are treated samples at the commencement of OGD to achieve different final concentrations, and cell viabilities were quantified using the measurement of flow cytometry analysis. Of those tested, the extracts of Polygala tenuifolia (roots), Dictamnus dasycarpus (barks), Polygala tenuifolia (roots), Eucommia ulmoides (branches), Eucommia ulmoides (barks), Poria cocos (whole), Sophora flavescens (roots) showed neuroprotective effects, with $EC_{50}$ values of $4.5{\pm}0.6$, $7.9{\pm}1.5$, $10.5{\pm}0.7$, $18.4{\pm}1.9$, $19.6{\pm}0.3$, $21.6{\pm}1.9$, and $30.7{\pm}3.9{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, respectively.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.50 no.4
• /
• pp.348-351
• /
• 2007

The stem barks of Fraxinus rhynchophylla was extracted with 95% EtOH, and the concentrated extract was successively partitioned with $CH_2Cl_2$, n-BuOH, and $H_2O$ in order to investigate the major phytochemicals. From the $CH_2Cl_2$ soluble fraction, a sterol (1) was isolated through the repeated silica gel column chromatographies. Three additional compounds (2-4) were isolated from the n-BuOH soluble fraction through silica gel, RP-18, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies. Their chemical structures were elucidated as daucosterol $(1;{\beta}-sitosterol-3-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside)$, caffeic acid (2), 6,8-dihydroxy-7-methoxycoumarin (3), and coniferaldehyde glucoside (4) by comparing their spectral data with those in the literatures. All isolates (1-4) were the first to be isolated from F. rhynchophylla.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.76-81
• /
• 2015

Diospyros burmanica Kurz. is an evergreen deciduous tree distributed in Mandalay of Myanmar, which belongs to the family of Ebenaceae. In Myanmar, it has been used to treat diarrhea, diabetes, diabetes and also as lumbers. In this study, seven flavonoids (1 - 7), a phenolic compound (8), and five triterpenes (9 - 13) were isolated from the barks of D. burmanica and their chemical structures were elucidated. Isolates were identified to be (+)-catechin (1), (+)-catechin 3-O-$\alpha$-L-rhamnopyranoside (2), (+)-catechin 3-O-gallate (3), (-)-epicatechin (4), (-)-epicatechin 3-O-gallate (5), (+)-afzelechin 3-O-$\alpha$-L-rhamnopyranoside (6), (+)-2,3-trans-dihydrokaempferol 3-O-$\alpha$-L-rhamnopyranoside (7), methyl gallate (8), lupeol (9), methyl lup-20(29)-en-3-on-28-oate (10), $\beta$-amyrin (11), $\alpha$-amyrin (12), $3\beta$-hydroxy-D:B-friedo-olean-5-ene (13) through MS, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectroscopic evidences.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.290-294
• /
• 2008

The objective of this study is screening the anti-oxidative effects of several plant MeOH extracts against oxidative stress in Neuroblastoma cell. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many neurotoxicity, neurodegenerative disorders and cell death. This oxidative stress is generated by ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) such as nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, peroxyl, superoxide ($O_2^-$), hydroxyl, alkoxyl. So, in the present study, we induced oxidative stress by treatment of sodium nitroprusside (2.5 mM) in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell which was treated samples before 24hr, and cell viability was measured by MTT reduction assay. Of those tested, the extracts of Paeonia japonica (roots), Eucommia ulmoides (炒)(barks), Paeonia japonica (曝乾)(roots), Phyllostachys bambusoides (stems), Polygala tenuifolia (去心, 炒)(roots), Paeonia japonica (roots), Polygala tenuifolia (roots), Machilus thunbergii (barks), Mallotus japonicus (leaves), Poria cocos (whole), Sophora flavescens (roots), Angelica tenuissima (roots), Angelica gigas (當歸尾)(roots) showed anti-oxidative effects[$EC_{50}$<15.20 ${\mu}g$/ml(Carnosine:Positive control)]in dose dependent manner.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.547-553
• /
• 2001

Glycoprotein from the water extract of dried root barks of slippery Elm was investigated for its anticancer immunostimulating activity, The glycoprotein contained molecular weight 15,000 to 500,000 Da, total carbohydrates 55.8 to 72.1%), total uronic acid 30.0 to 30.5%, and total proteins 5.0 to 6.1%. The anticancer immunostimulating activities were examined for both in vitro bioassays such as immune cell proliferation assay, mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), direct mitogenicity, T-dependent antibody production, and in vivo bioassays such as septic shock test and anticancer activity test in B16 melanoma transplanted mouse model. In vivo assay, the glycoprotein at the concentration of 3 mg/kg showed the best result that median survival time increased to about 140% in contrast to control groups.