• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.159-167
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• 2014

Solar variability is widely known to affect the interplanetary space and in turn the Earth's electromagnetical environment on the basis of common periodicities in the solar and geomagnetic activity indices. The goal of this study is twofold. Firstly, we attempt to associate modes by comparing a temporal behavior of the power of geomagnetic activity parameters since it is barely sufficient searching for common peaks with a similar periodicity in order to causally correlate geomagnetic activity parameters. As a result of the wavelet transform analysis we are able to obtain information on the temporal behavior of the power in the velocity of the solar wind, the number density of protons in the solar wind, the AE index, the Dst index, the interplanetary magnetic field, B and its three components of the GSM coordinate system, $B_X$, $B_Y$, $B_Z$. Secondly, we also attempt to search for any signatures of influence on the space environment near the Earth by inner planets orbiting around the Sun. Our main findings are as follows: (1) Parameters we have investigated show periodicities of ~ 27 days, ~ 13.5 days, ~ 9 days. (2) The peaks in the power spectrum of $B_Z$ appear to be split due to an unknown agent. (3) For some modes powers are not present all the time and intervals showing high powers do not always coincide. (4) Noticeable peaks do not emerge at those frequencies corresponding to the synodic and/or sidereal periods of Mercury and Venus, which leads us to conclude that the Earth's space environment is not subject to the shadow of the inner planets as suggested earlier.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 2010

Recently, various home appliances are inter connected in wired/wireless network to provide a single service, but their interfaces are not uniformly integrated. In order to get a service in such an environment, users have to figure out how to control each appliance and the way of combining its functions with others. Even worse to the users, many buttons are barely used to control the complicated functions of the appliances on the remote controllers, and controllers have very similar shapes in each other. In this paper, based on the definitions of a task as a unit of services provided in the environment of multi-connected appliances, we propose a markup language for home appliances, called HAML (Home Appliance Markup Language), for generating task-based user interfaces to help controlling multi-connected appliances as one pleases. The proposed method generates interfaces by gathering the buttons frequently used and necessary for tasks, and provides automatic settings of multi-connected appliances. The proposed method is verified with an analysis of scenarios and usability tests.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.388-394
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• 2020

An emerging interest in healthy eating has led to an increase in the consumption of rice mixed with various types of grains. Cooked rice was prepared with five different seaweeds, Hizikia fusiformis, Sargassum fulvellum, Enteromorpha compressa, Undaria pinnatifida, and Gracilaria verrucosa, and the antioxidant activity was measured. In addition, the antioxidant activities of 80% ethanol and methanol extracts of the five seaweeds were compared. Total phenolic content (TPC), total reducing power (TRP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) cation radical scavenging activities of the ethanol extracts were higher than those of the methanol extracts. The TPC of raw seaweed ethanol extracts was from 7.58 to 26.27 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g. The antioxidant activities of both extracts of Hizikia fusiformis were the highest among the five seaweeds, and the antioxidant activities of the cooked rice were lower than those of the raw seaweed extracts. The DPPH radical scavenging activities of cooked white rice, mixed grains, barley, and a mixture of white rice and barely added with Hizikia fusiformis, Sargassum fulvellum and Undaria pinnatifida were 3.17, 23.12, 31.11 and 10.66%, respectively. These results demonstrate the addition of seaweeds to cooked rice helps to improve the antioxidant activity compared to white rice alone.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.271-280
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• 2010

Vibrio alginolyticus, a Gram-negative marine bacterium, is one of the causative agents of fish vibriosis. Its virulence factors and pathogenesis mechanism are barely known, except for some extracellular products (ECPs) that are known to be regulated by quorum sensing system. Therefore, the present study used a microarray to analyze the transcription profiles of the wild-type V. alginolyticus and a deletion mutant of luxO, the pivotal regulator in Vibrio quorum sensing systems, which resulted in the identification of a putative virulence factor, MviN. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR confirmed that the transcription of mviN was upregulated in the luxO mutant when compared with wild-type, and down regulated in a luxO-con complemented strain. Furthermore, Western blotting indicated that MviN was greatly induced during the late-exponential and stationary phases of growth, indicating that the expression of MviN was cell-density dependent and quorum sensing regulated in V. alginolyticus. Meanwhile, the mviN null mutant displayed a much slower growth rate than the wild type, signifying the essential role of MviN in V. alginolyticus. Western blotting also revealed that MviN was present as an extracellular protein in V. alginolyticus. When epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells were treated with the ECPs of the mviN mutant, no cytotoxicity was observed, whereas EPC cells treated with the wild type exhibited pathological changes, which increased with the ECPs concentration and treatment time. Therefore, the results demonstrated that MviN is a LuxO-regulated ECPs component and involved in the pathogenicity of V. alginolyticus.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.30 no.10
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• pp.1170-1179
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• 1997

This study was designed to determine blood glucose responses to some cereals produced in Korea. The levels of blood glucose were measured over 2 hours after feeding healthy vounteers with 50g carbohydrate portions. The glycemic index(GI)k and glycemic index-rice(GI-rice) of a food has been defined as : GI=mean of (blood glucose response area of test food/ blood glucose response area of glucose taken by the same indicidual) $\times$100 and GI-rice=mean of (blood glucose response area of test food/blood glucose response area of rice taken by the same individual) $\times$100. The area under the curve is taken to be the area above the fasting value calculated geometrically from blood glucose increments. The GI of barely to glucose as the standard(57$\pm$7) was significantly (p<0.05) lower than those of other cereals whereas the GI of glutinous rice (110$\pm$8) was significantly (p<0.05) higher than other those of cereals. The GI values to rice as the standard were 63 $\pm$6 for barley, 79$\pm$5 for buckwheat, 85$\pm$6 for foxtail millet, 90$\pm$12 for unpolished rice, 100$\pm$0 for rice, 102$\pm$7 for glutinous rice, 106 $\pm$6 for unpolished glutinous rice, 115$\pm$13 for glutinous millet, 116$\pm$13 fro job's tear, and 122 $\pm$ 4 glutinous sorghum. The mean GI-rice was identical to the mean of the adjusted GI values, with a correlation coefficient of r=0.964(p<0.0001). This finding suggests that white rice could be used as standard food for the determination of GI.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.147-151
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• 2009

In general, the discrete confidence judgments that use five-step assessment method have been used to assess the medical images by ROC. TPF or FPF can be computed easily with this independent reading test. However, during experiments, it happens frequently that adequate distribution for observers is required to smoothly estimate the ROC curve. In addition, data becomes invalid for distribution of the created categories. To solve such problems or to apply the ROC interpretation to data that is not obtained from the experimental observation, the continuous confidence judgements (CCJ) has been proposed, which implements ROC interpretation using continuously-distributed experimental results without category classification has been used. As the use of CCJ to assess medical images was barely reported in Korea, we applied it to the assessment of chest digital images in this study. The results showed that a smooth ROC curve was obtained conveniently by the commercialized program and the characteristic value was measured easily. Therefore, it is recommended that this method can be applied to the assessment of digital medical images.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.219-226
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• 2014

Fractional values resulted from the spectral mixture analysis could be used to classify not only urban area with various materials but also forest area in more detailed spatial scale. Especially South Korea is largely consist of mixed forest, so the spectral mixture analysis is suitable as a classification method. For the successful classification using spectral mixture analysis, extraction of optimal endmembers is prerequisite process. Though geometric endmember selection has been widely used, it is barely suitable for forest area. Therefore, in this study, we modified Iterative Error Analysis (IEA), one of the most famous algorithms of image endmember selection which extracts pure pixel directly from the image. The endmembers which represent deciduous and coniferous trees are automatically extracted. The experiments were implemented on two sites of Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI) and classified forest area into two types. Accuracies of each classification results were 86% and 90%, which mean proposed algorithm effectively extracted proper endmembers. For the more accurate classification, another substances like forest gap should be considered.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.383-388
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of hairy vetch supplementation on quality of winter crop silage. There were 4 treatments (addition levels of hairy vetch ; 0, 5, 15, and 30%) with 3 replicates. Experimental silages stored for 40 days at room temperature ($20-25^{\circ}C$). THe silage crude protein level was improved (P<0.05) while hairy vetch supplementation increased. However, no difference was found (P>0.05) in crude fat, NDF and ADF of the silage while hairy vetch supplementation increased. The silage pH was increased (P<0.05) but lactic acid level was decreased (P<0.05) while hairy vetch supplementation increased. Nonetheless, acetic and butyric acids concentrations were increased (P<0.05) while hairy vetch supplementation increased. Sucrose, glucose and fructose levels were increased (P<0.05) while hairy vetch supplementation increased. Although negative effects were detected in whole crop barley silage while hairy vetch supplementation increased, optimum level of hairy vetch supplementation could be overwhelmed its negative effects on whole crop barley silage. Thus, the results of present study suggested that 15% hairy vetch supplementation of whole crop barley silage would be beneficial its quality maintenance compared to whole crop barley silage per se.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.309-318
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• 2013

Abutment-to-pile connection in an integral abutment bridge is vulnerable to lateral displacement induced by thermal movement of the superstructure. However, previous researches have merely focused on the connection. In order to improve the performance of the connection, new abutment-to-pile connection designs were proposed based on quasi-static nonlinear finite element model. The reinforcement detail specified in PennDOT DM4 and HSS tube were barely effective in controlling crack growing but spiral rebar effectively performed to delay crack growth as well as absorbing energy capacity. However, it was found that delaying cracking and strengthening the connection also caused the high lateral load in superstructures. Consequently, shape of HP pile were modified to introduce plastic hinge of the HP pile for reducing the lateral load in superstructures. Connections with modified HP pile significantly prevented crack propagations under the lateral displacement.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.719-737
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• 2016

The present study investigated the earthquake behavior of R/C structures considering the vertical earthquake motion with the help of a comparative study. For this aim, the linear time-history analyses of a high-rise R/C structure designed according to TSC-2007 requirements were conducted including and excluding the vertical earthquake motion. Earthquake records used in the analyses were selected based on the ratio of vertical peak acceleration to horizontal peak acceleration (V/H). The frequency-domain analyses of the earthquake records were also performed to compare the dominant frequency of the records with that of the structure. Based on the results obtained from the time-history analyses under the earthquake loading with (H+V) and without the vertical earthquake motion (H), the value of the overturning moment and the top-story vertical displacement were found to relatively increase when considering the vertical earthquake motion. The base shear force was also affected by this motion; however, its increase was lower compared to the overturning moment and the top-story vertical displacement. The other two parameters, the top-story lateral displacement and the top-story rotation angle, barely changed under H and H+V loading cases. Modal damping ratios and their variations in horizontal and vertical directions were also estimated using response acceleration records. No significant change in the horizontal damping ratio was observed whereas the vertical modal damping ratio noticeably increased under H+V loading. The results obtained from this study indicate that the desired structural earthquake performance cannot be provided under H+V loading due to the excessive increase in the overturning moment, and that the vertical damping ratio should be estimated considering the vertical earthquake motion.