• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.703-715
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• 2017

Mammogram images are sensitive in nature and even a minor change in the environment affects the quality of the images. Due to the lack of expert radiologists, it is difficult to interpret the mammogram images. In this paper an algorithm is proposed for a computer-aided diagnosis system, which is based on the wavelet based adaptive sigmoid function. The cascade feed-forward back propagation technique has been used for training and testing purposes. Due to the poor contrast in digital mammogram images it is difficult to process the images directly. Thus, the images were first processed using the wavelet based adaptive sigmoid function and then the suspicious regions were selected to extract the features. A combination of texture features and gray-level co-occurrence matrix features were extracted and used for training and testing purposes. The system was trained with 150 images, while a total 100 mammogram images were used for testing. A classification accuracy of more than 95% was obtained with our proposed method.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2024

The cultural heritage of fortresses is often exposed to external elements, leading to significant damage from stone weathering and natural disasters. However, due to the nature of cultural heritage, dismantling and restoration are often impractical. Therefore, the stability of fortress cultural heritage was evaluated through non-destructive testing. The durability of masonry cultural heritages is greatly influenced by the physical characteristics of the back-fille material. Dynamic characteristics were assessed, and endoscopy was used to inspect internal fillings. Additionally, a finite element analysis model was developed considering the surrounding ground through elastic wave exploration. The analysis showed that the loss of internal fillings in the target cultural heritage site could lead to further deformation in the future, emphasizing the need for careful observation.

• 복식
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• 제21권
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• pp.207-218
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• 1993

The desire of our contempories who wish to recover humanities fading away and get back recover humanities fading away and get back to the nature is emerging as a main theme of the fashion today the decade of facing 21st century. The prevalence of naturalness-ecology ru-ral peasant look-and ethnic look shows the tendency mentioned above. Kenzo Takada' works which exhibit this naturalness and ethnic look were picked and investigated. The objective of this research is to study the beauty of form and internal and investi-gate in what form the naturaless and Ethnic look in Kenzo's work. The result were as followings : <1> Draped form are mainly used as form and they are made neglecting the body line by straight-cut and provide the wearer ease and freedom of movements <2> As for the color fantastic original colors (red, blue, etc) and natural colors are used. And Strong color contrast is seen. In ethnic look original colors(red, blue, etc.) natural colors and ethnic colors are used. <3> As for the fabric Cotton neat skilk and wool etc are used mainly and use of such natural fibers represents the return to the natural well. <4> As for ornament natural things-straw hat flower feather pebble, shell-are used and exhibit natural feelings strongly. For the ethnic look ornaments representing each country's ethnic atmos-phere by hat scarf and neckcloth made of natural fibers. <5> As for naturalness Flower deer butter-fly leopard and plant etc, are used as motif. As for ethnic look flower geometric motif are used.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제30권
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• pp.97-124
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• 2013

For a long period, vowel reduction has been accepted as one of the most common pronunciation rules in Russian phonology. However, since the rules have been modified in many ways after the influx of loanwords, [a, e, i, o, u, ${\star}$]-including [e, o]-can now be pronounced in unstressed position, obeying the rule of vowel reduction. Especially in Modern Russian, along with the destruction of the consonant pronunciation norm due to some relatively complex changes it underwent palatalization, consonant pronunciation has been simplified, and as a response to such a phenomenon, the specialization of vowel pronunciation rule is now occurring. In other words, in the interrelation between consonants and vowels, as the pronunciation rules for consonants are simplified and thus the contrast between consonants is weakened, the degree of dependence on pronunciation of segment in the vowel pronunciation rule has been elevated. Therefore, the analysis says that the degree of vowel reduction depends on a vowel's distance from a stressed syllable is not enough; the influence of surrounding phonemes-including consonants-or the formative characteristics of words themselves should also be considered. The introduction of Max-noncorner/UnderLex, a/an Licence constraint that is related to non-declension nouns, and that of IdentC[back] and ShareCV[back], which are faithfulness constraint and share constraint respectively that are related to the nature of consonants stresses that vowel pronunciation rules should not be simply viewed as rules for vowels; The rules should be analyzed with emphasis on their correlation with surrounding phonemes.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.3982-3987
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• 2010

산신은 우리나라의 전통적 토착 신앙이 불교 내부에 수용된 것으로 사찰 안에 산신각이 건립된 것은 17세기 이후에 시작된 것으로 본다. 불교 고유의 신격이 아닌 까닭에 산신각의 입지는 불전의 배후에 떨어져 산과 가까운 기슭에 위치하고 있는 것이 대부분이다. 대다수의 사찰에서 산신각에 중요한 의미를 부여하고 있음에도 그 크기가 작은 까닭은 산신 신앙의 개인성에서 비롯한 것이며 또한 이러한 간결한 형태를 통하여 산천 정기가 집약, 응축된 장소임을 강하게 표현하려는 상징적 의도가 나타난 것이라고 할 수 있다. 산신각은 산천의 정기가 사찰 안으로 흘러 모여드는 통로이자 불교의 고유한 신앙체계가 무한한 자연의 영역으로 확장되는 출구이기도 하다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.1303-1313
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• 1997

A micro-macroscopic analysis on the conduction-controlled directional casting of Al-Cu alloys is performed, in which emphases are placed on the microstructural features. In order to facilitate the solution procedure, an iterative micro-macroscopic coupling algorithm is developed. The predicted results show that the effect of finite back diffusion on the transient solidification process in comparison with the lever rule depends essentially on the initial concentration of an alloy. In the final casting, the eutectic fraction is distributed in an increasing-decreasing-increasing pattern, each mode of which is named the chill, interior and end zones. This nonuniformity per se suffices to justify the necessity of this work because it originates from the combined effects of finite back diffusion and cooling path-dependent nature of the eutectic formation. As the cooling rate is enhanced, not only the influence depths of boundaries narrow, but also the eutectic fractions in the chill and interior zones increase. In addition, it is revealed for the first time that the micro segregation band is formed in response to a sudden change in cooling rate during the directional casting. An increasing change creates an overshooting band in the eutectic fraction distribution, and vice versa.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.729-734
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• 2008

Vibroarthrographic(VAG) signals, emitted by human knee joints, are non-stationary and multi-component in nature and time-frequency distributions(TFD) provide powerful means to analyze such signals. The objective of this paper is to classify VAG signals, generated during joint movement, into two groups(normal and patient group) using the characteristic parameters extracted by time-frequency transform, and to evaluate the classification accuracy. Noise within TFD was reduced by singular value decomposition and back-propagation neural network(BPNN) was used for classifying VAG signals. The characteristic parameters consist of the energy parameter, energy spread parameter, frequency parameter, frequency spread parameter by Wigner-Ville distribution and the amplitude of frequency distribution, the mean and the median frequency by fast Fourier transform. Totally 1408 segments(normal 1031, patient 377) were used for training and evaluating BPNN. As a result, the average value of the classification accuracy was 92.3(standard deviation ${\pm}0.9$)%. The proposed method was independent of clinical information, and showed good potential for non-invasive diagnosis and monitoring of joint disorders such as osteoarthritis and chondromalacia patella.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2004

Many muscles of the trunk and hip are capable of contributing to the stabilization and protection of the lumbar spine. To have optimal effectiveness, a training program should include dynamic back/stomach/hip exercises. This study was designed to assess the L5 level paraspinal, external abdominal oblique, and gluteus maximus muscle activities during various low back stabilization exercises. Participants were 26 healthy adults (13 males, 13 Females), aged 21 to 28 years. The surface electromyography (EMG) was recorded from the L5 level paraspinal, external abdominal oblique, and gluteus maximus muscles. The recorded signal was averaged and normalized to the maximal electromyographic amplitude obtained during the maximal voluntary contraction. The measurements were taken during 3 low back stabilization exercises. One-way analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to examine the difference, and a post hoc test was performed with least significant difference. A level of significance was set at p<.05. The significance of difference between men and women, and between the electromyographic recording sites was evaluated by an independent t-test. The EMG activity for the externus oblique and gluteus maximus muscles had significant differences among 3 exercises (p<.05). In males, the EMG activity for the external abdominal oblique muscle had significantly increased differences during exercises 1 and exercise 2 (p<.05). The gluteus maximus muscle had significantly increased differences during exercise 2 and exercise 3 (p<.05). In females, the multifidus muscle had significantly increased difference during exercise 3 (p<.05), the external abdominal oblique muscle had significantly increased difference during exercise 1 (p<.05). and the gluteus maximus muscle had significantly decreased difference during exercise 3 (p<.05). The results were that the external abdominal oblique muscle was apparently activated during the curl-up exercise in females and males, and the multifidus muscle was apparently activated during the bridging exercise in females and during the sling exercise in males and females.1)In comparison of the %MVC between males and females, exercise 2 and exercise 3 apparently activated of the multifidus and gluteus maximus muscles in both males and females (p<.05). The EMG activity of the gluteus maximus muscle of the males significantly increased during exercise 2 and exercise 3 (p<.05). The EMG activity the multifidus muscle of the females was significantly increased during exercise 2 and exercise 3 (p<.05). More research is needed to understand the nature of motor control problems in the deep muscles in patients with low back pain.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.536-542
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• 2020

본 논문에서는 광대역 지향성 방사패턴을 가지는 자연에서 영감을 얻은 새싹 모양 안테나를 제안한다. 모션감지 센서 응용을 위해 넓은 빔폭을 가지는 새싹 모양의 기울어진 방사체를 설계하였다. 확장된 잘려진 접지면을 반사기로 작용하도록 하여 지향성 방사패턴을 가지도록 하였다. 평형 방사체를 급전하기 위하여 우수한 진폭 및 위상 평형도를 가지는 광대역 발룬을 활용하였다. 제안된 안테나는 8.5에서 14.5 GHz의 넓은 주파수 대역폭과 넓은 빔폭을 가졌으며, 방사 효율은 90% 정도이었다. 측정된 이득은 4에서 5dBi이며, 전후방비는 10~20dB이었다. 제안된 안테나는 광대역 넓은 빔폭과 지향성 방사패턴을 요구하는 이미징 센서, 위상 배열 시스템 및 레이더 등에 활용될 수 있음을 보였다.

• 기술사
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.54-65
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• 1985

Korean Landscape Garden may be described according to its stage of development. In the primitive agricultural era, the garden was preceded by vegetable yards and at this time rock arranging (Soo-Sok garden) was initiated together with the megalithis culture of dolmens, heavenly altars and tumuli. In the early Three Kingdom period palace gardens were built on a grand scale and toward the end of fourth century temple garden were introduced along with Buddhism. These gardens evolved to the flourishment of "HWAGE"(terraced gardens) rock arrangements of ZEN, early KOR-YO period. Especially since the middle of KOR-Yo period the "IM-CHUN"(forest and pond) garden became popular, while during Cho-Son period "HWAGE" in the back yard, pond and pool garden and "IM-CHUN" style country villa became fashionable. The Korea traditional Landscape garde may be characterized that first it is a nature Landscape style, which makes the maximum accomodation with the surrounding nature. Secondly, the Korean garden is built creatively by utilizing the elements of its climate and topography, Kogu-Ryo, Paik-Je great-Kaya and Sil-Ra had developed original a castle town plans and beautiful gardens rock arrangements which precede the equivalent style of China and set the prototype for Japan. The Landscape art of waterfalls and rock arrangements at An-Ap-Chi garden of 7th century has no equals in China and set the origin of pond style of Japanese garden.