• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.99.3-100
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• 2003

It is desirable to improve the tumor targeting and blood clearance pharmacokinetics of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies. To achieve this goal, several avidin-biotin (Bt) binding systems have been developed to decouple large molecular weight antibodies from small radiolabels, thereby achieving high tumor-to-background radioactivity ratios. We inserted a readily catabolizable linker, triglycine (TG), between 3-［/sup125/I］iodobenzoate and dendrimer (G3). We also neutralized the positive charges of G3 by acylation with tetrafluorophenyl glycolate, thereby blocking proximal tubular reabsorption of G3 mediated by charge attraction. (omitted)

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.220-226
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• 1994

RT-PCR법에 의한 HCV-RNA검출을 임상검사에 적용하는 노력의 일환으로 biotin 및 $^{125}I$을 표지시킨 primer를 이용하여 최근 개발되어 있는 상품화된 kit 로 HCV-RNA 검출을 시도하고 그 결과를 평가하여 보았다. 연구대상은 anti-HCV 양성인 118명의 성인환자로, 방법은 환자 혈청내의 HCV-RNA를 guanidium-thiocynate 용액을 이용하여 추출한 뒤 AMPLICIS II $HCV^{(R)}$(CIS, France)kit를 이용하여 cDNA로 역전사 후 1차 증폭을 시행하고, 다시 소량의 1차 증폭산물을 biotin과 $^{125}I$으로 각각 표지된 1쌍의 Primer로 이용하여 2차 증폭을 시행하였다. 증폭산물은 avidin이 코팅된 시험관에 반응시키고 감마선 계수기로 계수하였다. 검사의 재현성을 보기 위하여 anti-HCV 양성인 환자 혈청 중 무작위로 51개의 검체를 선정하여 반복실험하였고, 만성 간질환 환자로부터 얻은 34개의 검체는 본 연구소에서 확립된 다른 RT-PCR 방법으로도 검사를 병행하여 비교하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) Anti-HCV 양성이면서 조직검사상 만성감염이나 간경화 소견을 보이거나 6개월이상 지속적인 간기능 이상을 나타낸 환자 88명 중 85명 (97%)에서 HCV-RNA 양성이었고, 6개월 이상 간기능이 정상이었던 30명중에서는 73%인 22명에서 HCV-RNA양성 이었다. 2) 두가지 다른 방법으로 RT-PCR을 병행한 34명중, kit를 사용한 경우는 32명(94%)에서 양성소견을 보였고, 기존방법대로 전기 영동 후 ethidium bromide로 염색한 경우는 27명 (79%)에서 양성을 나타내었다. 3) 검사의 재현성을 보기 위하여 anti-HCV 양성인 51개의 검체를 2번 반복 실험하였을때, 82%에서 일치된 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 이상에서 biotin 및 $^{125}I$ 표지된 primer로 구성된 kit를 이용했을 때 기존방법에 비하여 예민하게 HCV-RNA를 검출할 수 있었다. 그러나 여전히 검사에 많은 노력과 시간이 소요되고 반복 검사시 검사간 변이가 상당히 존재하고 있어 정도관리에 세심한 주의가 필요할 것으로 사료되었다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2007

배경 및 목적: 인체암에서 C-erbB-2의 과발현에 대한 광범위한 연구가 시행되고 있지만, 임상적 의의에 대해서는 논란의 대상이 되고 있다. 악성종양에서 신생혈관형성은 암의 진행에 필수적인 요소이다. 본 연구에서는 비소세포 폐암에서 C-erbB-2의 과발현의 의미, 암조직의 신생혈관형성에 중요한 역할을 하는 VEGF의 발현 및 두 표지자의 연관성을 연구하였다. 방 법: 파라핀 포매된 95예의 비소세포 폐암조직을 이용하여 avidin-biotin complex 법에 의한 면역조직화학적 염색을 시행하였으며, 연구재료는 원발성 편평세포암종 60예 그리고 원발성 선암종 35예를 대상으로 하였다. 결 과: 비소세포 폐암에서 선암종의 C-erbB-2의 과발현은 편평세포암종보다 의미 있게 높게 나타났다. 임상병기에 따른 C-erbB-2와 VEGF의 과발현은 진행암에서 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으나, 초기암과의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 선암종에서 C-erbB-2와 VEGF의 발현은 유의하게 상관성을 나타내었다. 결 론: 비소세포 폐암에서 C-erbB-2의 과발현은 암의 유형에 따라 다르다는 것을 알 수 있었으며, C-erbB-2의 과발현이 높게 나타나는 선암종에서는 이 성적과 암세포의 VEGF의 발현이 상관성을 나타낸다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.397-402
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• 1991

폐츱충(Paragonimus westermani) 감염시 탈낭유충은 숙주내 여러조직을 거친 후 폐에 기생하게 되는데 이때 조직반응과 더불어 혈액내 호산구와 IgE 항체가의 변등이 일어난다. 이 실험에서는 백서에 폐흡충을 감염시키고 혈청내 총 IgE와 특이 IgG 항체값을 시간 경과별로 측정하여 감염후 혈청내 항체가의 변증을 관찰하였다. 폐흡충 퍼낭유충 20개를 백서에 경구 감염시키고 시기별(0,1,2,3,4,0,8주)로 IgE의 변동을 avidin-biotin을 이용하여 효소표식 면역검사법 (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay: ELISA)으로 측정하였으며 IgG는 통상적인 ELISA 방법을 이용하여 측정하였다. 실험군의 혈청내 총 IgE치는 감염 3주와 3주 후에 흡광도가 각각 0.18±0.042, 0.18±0.081이었으나, 4주에 0.28±0.151로 급격히 중가하었으며 8주까지 지속적인 상승(0,43±0,055)을 보였다. 반면 대조군의 경우 전 실험기간을 통해 0.07∼0.12로 낮은 항체가가 유지되었다. 또한 실험군의 혈청내 IgG 항체는 감염 3주 후에 흡광토 0.20±0,032로 증가하기 시작하여 8주에 0.31±0.067을 보였으나 대조군에 비해 크게 증가되지 않았다. 이상의 결과로 보아 비호적숙주인 백서에서 폐흡충의 감염이 IgE 및 IgG 항체를 증가시킴을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.235-244
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• 1997

The present study was performed to investigate the patterns of appearance of lectin in trachea of fetuses of 60, 90 and 120 days old and neonates of Korean native goat. Carbohydrate markers were used in histochemistry for the determination of the lectin by staining of avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex(ABC), and the markers consisted of biotin-labeled concanavalin A(Con A), dolichos biflorus agglutinin(DBA), rincinus communis agglutinin(RCA-I), ulexeuropalus communis agglutinin(UEA) and wheat germ agglutinin(WGA). 1. The Con A-binding reactions appeared moderately on the apical surface of the tracheal epithelia in 60 days old fetuses, and the reactions were similar on the tracheal epithelia and glands in 90 and 120 days old fetuses and neonates. 2. Reaction of the DBA appeared as the strongest meanwhile the DBA-binding reactions were determined strongly on the apical surface of the tracheal epithelia in the 60 days old fetuses. Reaction for the DBA on the tracheal epithelia and glands of 90 and 120 days old fetuses and neonates were in same manner. 3. The RCA-I-binding reactions appeared very strongly on the apical surface of the tracheal epithelia in 60 and 90 days old fetuses. Reaction to the RCA-1 appeared moderately on certain apical surface of tracheal epithelia and glands in 120 days old fetuses and neonates. 4. No reactions provoked for the UEA in trachea of 60 days old fetuses and neonates, but the UEA-binding reactions appeared moderately in the tracheal epithelia of 90 days old fetuses and weakly in 120 days old fetuses. 5. The WGA-binding reactions appeared very strongly on the apical surface of the tracheal epithelia in 60 and 90 days old fetuses, and moreover, the reactions were determined on the luminal surface of the tracheal gland in 90 days old fetuses. On the other hand, goblet cells of the tracheal epithelia and glands in neonates reacted moderately to the WGA.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.326-335
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• 1996

Background: Though a number of studies have described the distribution of substance P(SP)-like immunoreactivity in the spinal cord, they have been focused on lamina I and II of the dorsal horn and there are little morphological studies on the topographic distribution and ultrastructure of the SP immunoreactive neurons especially in the ventral horn of the spinal cord. this study was conducted to identify distribution pattern of SP immunoreactive neurons and to difine the synaptic organization of their processes in ventral horn of the thoracic cord of the cat by preembbeding immunocytochemical method using SP antiserum. Methods: Five adults cats of either sex were used and deeply anesthetized by intramuscular injection of ketamine. After removal of the spinal cord, samples of thoracic cord were taken and placed in fresh fixative at $4^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours. Transverse sections $50{\mu}m$ thick were processed using the preembbeding immunocytochemical method and incubated consecutively in the specific primary antibody and the 10% normal goat serum, the rabbit anti-substance P antiserum, the biotin-labelled goat anti-rabbit IgG and finally the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex. The processed tissue sections were throughly washed and stained in the black with 1% uranyl acetate. Section were examined on a electron microscope. Results: 1) SP immunoreactive neurons were observed in the gray matter around central canal. 2) In lamina I and II SP immunoreactivity was observed in both myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers, but in ventral horn only in the unmyelinated nerve fibers. 3) SP immunoreactive axon terminals with small round and large dense core vesicles made chemical synapses onto the dendrites of motor neurons in the ventral horn. Conclusion: SP immunoreactive neurons might play an important role in modulation of motor neurons in the ventral horn of the thoracic cord of the cat.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.337-342
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• 2007

Conventional methods for pathogen detection and identification are labor-intensive and take days to complete. Biosensors have shown great potential for the rapid detection of foodborne pathogens. Fiber-optic biosensors have been used to rapidly detect pathogens because they can be very sensitive and are simple to operate. However, many fiber-optic biosensors rely on manual sensor handling and the sandwich assay, which require more effort and are less sensitive. To increase the simplicity of operation and detection sensitivity, a binding inhibition assay method for detecting Listeria monocytogenes in food samples was developed using an automated, fiber-optic-based immunosensor: RAPTOR (Research International, Monroe, WA, USA). For the assay, fiber-optic biosensors were developed by the immobilization of Listeria antibodies on polystyrene fiber waveguides through a biotin-avidin reaction. Developed fiber-optic biosensors were incorporated into the RAPTOR to evaluate the detection of L. monocytogenes in frankfurter samples. The binding inhibition method combined with RAPTOR was sensitive enough to detect L. monocytogenes ($5.4{\times}10^7\;CFU/mL$) in a frankfurter sample.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1154-1158
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• 2004

The classical ABC (avidin-biotin peroxidase complex) method for immunohistochemistry in the paraffin-embedded tissues bring into being disadvantage such as low sensitivity of antigen detection and highly background. The biotinyl-tyramide conjugation recently introduced for sensitive immunohistochemistry was applied to light microscopy in paraffin-embedded pancreatic and liver tissues. The protocol consists of an indirect method in which 4-5㎛ tissue sections are reacted successively within a specific primary antibody, followed by a biotinylated secondary antibody, streptavidin-horseradich peroxidase (HRP), and then finally with biotinyl-tyramide. The labeling obtained for insulin and collagen antigen tested in pancreatic and liver tissues, respectively, was found to be highly specific with the labeling for each antigen confined to its particular cellular compartment. In this study, fish (flounder) serum was specially applied to remove nonspecific binding. Background levels and nospecific deposition of the staining were negligible. This results suggest that super-signal induction method by biotinyl-tyramide conjugate can readily applied to antigen detection of the paraffin-embedded tissues.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.227-233
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• 1992

Out of twenty rabbits which died of rabbit hemorrhagic disease spontaneously occurring in Korea, five animals had a concurrent infection with Encephalitozoon cuniculi in the cerebrum. The lesions were composed of granulomas, leptomeningitis and perivascular cuffing with mononuclear cells. The granulomas consisted of a central necrotic focus surrounded by an infiltration with plasma cells, lymphocytes and macrophages. Gliosis was associated with the granulomas. Gram-positive organisms were detected in the cerebrum from two rabbits. They were oval to rod-shaped with blunt round ends. The distribution of the pathogens was investigated by the direct avidin-biotin peroxidase complex method. They were present in pseudocysts and macrophages. Pseudocysts were found in the granulomas as well as the neuropil without cellular reactions. Some organisms were present within reticulo-endothelial cells of blood capillaries and macrophages in the subarachnoid spaces. These organisms had ultrastructural characteristics consistent with Encephalitozoon cuniculi.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.254-259
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• 2009

Conventional methods for pathogen detection and identification are labor-intensive and take several days to complete. Recently developed biosensors have shown potential for the rapid detection of foodborne pathogens. In this study, an impedimetric biosensor was developed for rapid detection of Salmonella typhimurium. To develop the biosensor, an interdigitated microelectrode (IME) was fabricated by using semiconductor fabrication process. Anti-Salmonella antibodies were immobilized based on either avidin-biotin binding or self assembled monolayer (SAM) on the surface of the IME to form an active sensing layer. To evaluate effect of antibody immobilization methods on sensitivity of the sensor, detection limit of the biosensor was analyzed with Salmonella samples innoculated in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or food extract. The impedimetric biosensor based on SAM immobilization method produced better detection limit. The biosensor could detect 107 CFU/mL of Salmonella in pork meat extract. This method may provide a simple, rapid, and sensitive method to detect foodborne pathogens.