• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권9호
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• pp.5-15
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• 2013

Purpose - The research aim is to shed empirical light on whether quality-focused retailer brands such as Premium brand of Tesco Korea, Prime of Lotte Mart, and Best of E-Mart in the grocery market, make a contribution to developing store loyalty in the Korean market particularly. Research design, data, methodology - After developing sixconstructs, such as higher quality, stock availability, price levels, national brands, retailer brand attitudes, and store loyalty, the authors adopted exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, chi-square test and structural equation modelling as a research technique. Results - It was found that higher quality strongly influences the retailer brand attitude formation, and that retailer brand customers were sensitive to price levels. Buyers are, nevertheless, relatively less aware of price levels, when purchasing quality-oriented retailer brand types. Conclusions - The research implied that quality-oriented retailer brand types make a significant contribution to retailer brands attitude formation, and further, building store loyalty.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.336-341
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• 2011

T cell receptor (TCR) signaling plays a critical role in T cell development, survival and differentiation. In the thymus, quantitative and/or qualitative differences in TCR signaling determine the fate of developing thymocytes and lead to positive and negative selection. Recently, it has been suggested that self-reactive T cells, escape from negative selection, should be suppressed in the periphery by regulatory T cells (Tregs) expressing Foxp3 transcription factor. Foxp3 is a master factor that is critical for not only development and survival but also suppressive activity of Treg. However, signals that determine Treg fate are not completely understood. The availability of mutant mice which harbor mutations in TCR signaling mediators will certainly allow to delineate signaling events that control intrathymic (natural) Treg (nTreg) development. Thus, we summarize the recent progress on the role of TCR signaling cascade components in nTreg development from the studies with murine model.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2005

본 연구에서 RTK GPS의 매핑 도구로서의 가능성을 알아보고 RTK GPS의 정확도에 영향을 주는 요인을 알아보기 위해 각각 봄과 여름에 동일대상지역에서 두 번의 현장 작업을 수행하였다. 실험결과, 겨울뿐만 아니라 나무숲이 우거진 봄에도 고층건물과 나무숲으로 둘러싸인 일부환경을 제외한 곳에서 RTK GPS로 매핑이 가능하였다. 하지만 RTK GPS의 이용성과 매핑 정확도는 높지 않았다. 따라서 위성신호수신이 용이하지 않은 도심지 등에서 RTK 매핑 시 Total Station 등의 기타 장비에 의한 현장보완측량이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제8A권2호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2001

인터넷의 급속한 확산으로 인하여, 컴퓨터 시스템의 규모 및 복잡도가 점차 증가하고 있으며, 컴퓨터 시스템에 대한 높은 수준의 가용도 요구 조건을 충족시키기 위해, 하드웨어적.소프트웨어적 결함 허용 기법에 대한 연구가 활발하다. 소프트웨어 재활 기법은 서버에 탑재된 소프트웨어의 장시간 가동에 따른 소프트웨어 노화 현상을 다루고 있으며, 서버에서 실행중인 소프트웨어의 수행을 고의적으로 멈춘 후에 결함 발생 가능성이 낮은 초기 상태에서 이를 다시 가동시키는 소프트웨어적 결함 예방 방법의 일종이라 볼 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 주-여분 서버 시스템에서의 작업전이 시간이 소프트웨어 재활에 미치는 영향을 연구하였으며, 가용도 분석을 통해서 작업전이 시간이 재활 정책을 결정함에 있어서 중요한 요소임을 발견하였다.

• 지구물리
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.201-205
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• 2005

Turbulent fluxes of heat, water vapor, and CO2 have been measured since August, 2003 at Dasan Station (78o 55’ N, 11o50’E) in the Arctic. These data can allow us to better understand the interactions between the Polar ecosystems and the atmosphere together with those at King Sejong Station in the Antarctic. Due to the buildings and measurement platforms around the flux tower, it is required to evaluate how they influence measured flux data. By using one-year turbulence statistics data and footprint model, flux footprint climatology was analyzed together with data availability. The upwind distance of source area ranged from 150 to 300 m, where the buildings and measurement platforms existed. However, flow distortion due to them may be not a major factor to reduce the data availability significantly. Based on, the dominant wind direction of SW and footprint climatology, the location of flux tower is considered suitable for flux measurement.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1-26
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• 2014

This study analyzes the effects of the three types of flexible work arrangements (part-time, flexitime, and reduced working hours for childcare) available in Korea on work-family conflict, facilitation, and job satisfaction for married working women ages 15-49. The study employs a panel analysis based on the first to the fourth data from the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women & Families (KLoWF). The major results are as follows. First, the availability of part-time jobs and reduced working hours to facilitate childcare is significantly related to work-family conflict for married women. If a married woman is employed in a part-time position or if reduced working hours for childcare are available, the conflict within the family caused by the job is reduced. Second, none of the three types of flexible work arrangements have a statistically significant influence on work-family facilitation for married women. Third, the availability of reduced working hours for childcare has a positive effect on the job satisfaction of married women. In conclusion, flexible working hours for women who are raising children are the main factor in reducing the negative effect of a job on a woman's family life as they contribute to work and family compatibility.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2015

Osteocytes may function as mechanotransducers by regulating local osteoclastogenesis. Reduced availability of oxygen, i.e. hypoxia, could occur during disuse, bone development, and fracture. Receptor activator of nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ ligand (RANKL) is an osteoblast/stromal cell derived essential factor for osteoclastogenesis. The hypoxia induced osteoclastogenesis via increased RANKL expression in osteoblasts was demonstrated. Hypoxic regulation of gene expression generally involves activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) transcription pathway. In the present study, we investigated whether hypoxia regulates RANKL expression in murine osteocytes and HIF-$1{\alpha}$ mediates hypoxia-induced RANKL expression by transactivating RANKL promoter, to elucidate the role of osteocyte in osteoclastogenesis in the context of hypoxic condition. The expression levels of RANKL mRNA and protein, as well as hypoxia inducible factor-$1{\alpha}$ (HIF-$1{\alpha}$) protein, were significantly increased in hypoxic condition in MLO-Y4s. Constitutively active HIF-$1{\alpha}$ alone significantly increased the levels of RANKL expression in MLO-Y4s under normoxic conditions, whereas dominant negative HIF-$1{\alpha}$ blocked hypoxia-induced RANKL expression. To further explore to find if HIF-$1{\alpha}$ directly regulates RANKL transcription, a luciferase reporter assay was conducted. Hypoxia significantly increased RANKL promoter activity, whereas mutations of putative HIF-$1{\alpha}$ binding elements in RANKL promoter prevented this hypoxia-induced RANKL promoter activity in MLO-Y4s. These results suggest that HIF-$1{\alpha}$ mediates hypoxia-induced up-regulation of RANKL expression, and that in osteocytes of mechanically unloaded bone, hypoxia enhances osteoclastogenesis, at least in part, via an increased RANKL expression in osteocytes.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2012

The paper describes a design methodology that can select a proper reliability factor and apply the selected reliability factor into the real water distribution system. Reliability factors which are used for the assesment of water supply networks, can be categorized by a connectivity, a reachability, an expected shortage and an availability. Among these factors, an expected shortage is the most proper reliability factor in the aspect of economic evaluation. Therefore, the expected shortage is applied to draw a water supply reliability into Changwon water supply systems. And the economic pipe diameter can be determined as 600mm for a connection pipe in the pipe network from the estimation of the expected shortage. Also, a quantitative effect of the connection pipe can be expressed in terms of the reduction, which is estimated by the expected shortage of 30,269$m^{3}$ from 68,705$m^{3}$ at initial condition to 38,436$m^{3}$ under the connected condition with the diameter 600mm pipe.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.225-234
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• 2019

The study aims to explore key dimensions of service quality of E-Retailing of Islamic banks in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The convenience sample size consists of 373 respondents who regularly use online Islamic banking facilities in Saudi Arabia was used. For measuring the consumers' perspective, a four-factor E-SERVQUAL scale; namely efficiency, system availability, fulfillment, and privacy was used. Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis are used to test the model fitness. Structural equation modelling is utilized to determine the impact of E-service quality dimensions on customers' satisfaction. The results of the study reveal that 1) reliability as a dimension of E-retailing of Islamic banks made a significant impact on customers' overall satisfaction; 2) there is a positive significant relationship between responsiveness and customers' overall satisfaction. One unit increased in responsive leads to 0.763 unit increases in the overall satisfaction of the customer; and 3) ease of use is the most important dimensions of service quality of E-retailing of Islamic banks. One unit increases in Security/ Privacy leads to 0.473 unit increases in overall satisfaction. There is a positive impact of good E-service on customers' satisfaction, but it does not override unsatisfactory performance in other areas.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.1024-1029
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 시간영역의 전자계 측정에 사용하기 위한 원판 부착형 모노폴 안테나의 복소 안테나 인자를 검토하고 있다. 이론 해석으로서는 가상 전기벽을 설정하여 각 영역에서의 전자계를 고유함수로 전개하고 모드 정합법을 적용하여 안테나의 입력 임피던스 및 안테나 인자 등을 계산하고 있다. 이론 해석의 결과, 모노폴 안테나에 원판을 부착하면 저주파수 대역에서의 안테나 인자 절대치는 발산하지 않으며 일반적인 모노폴 안테나에 비교하여 광대역 특성이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 모드 정합법에 의한 이론 해석의 타당성을 확인하기 위하여 입력 임피던스의 이론치와 측정치를 비교하여 양자가 잘 일치함을 확인하고 있다.