• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2022

Objectives This study was designed to evaluate the healing effect of Cordyceps Militaris (CM) on collagen II-induced arthritis rats. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (normal, control, positive control, CM with low/medium/high dosage each). Type II collagen mixed with complete Freund's adjuvant (with 1:1 v/v) was injected subcutaneously, and the mixture was injected in a same manner one week after the first injection to boost arthritis. Arthritis index, paw thickness and von Frey test were conducted to observe physical changes. hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was performed to observe knee cartilage. The levels of messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of interleukin (IL)-1𝛽, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-𝛼) in spleen were assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that occurs on multiple joints and can lead to temporary shape change of bones or organ failure in severe cases. Here, we aimed to determine the effect of CM extract on rheumatoid arthritis by measuring paw thickness, arthritis index, conducting von Frey test and H&E staining, and evaluating the level of IL-1𝛽, IL-6, TNF-𝛼. As a result, paw thickness, arthritis index significantly decreased in low concentration group, hind leg became less sensitive in all expermental groups. Also, histological analysis showed that the damage of knee cartilage was prevented in all experimental groups. The level of mRNA of IL-1𝛽, IL-6, and TNF-𝛼 in spleen was analyzed to decide the effectiveness of CM extract. IL-1𝛽 did not show significant change, but IL-6 and TNF-𝛼 showed significant decrease in at least one of the experimental groups. Conclusions CM showed protective effect on knee tissue destruction and improved the physical conditions of the leg involving arthritis. Also, it showed that CM has anti-inflammatory effect on specific cytokines inducing rheumatoid arthritis. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the therapeutic potential of CM for the treatment rheumatoid arthritis, and set the foundation for the further studies.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.387-391
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• 2007

섬유화 세로칸염은 드문 양성질환으로 종격동 조직 내에 국소적이거나 광범위한 심한 섬유화성 병변을 유발하고 세로칸 내 장기들을 침범하거나 압박하여 증상이나 증후를 나타내는 질환이다. 그러나 저자들은 세로칸의 침범이 거의 없으면서 상대정맥 주위에 발생한 아주 국소적인 병변에 의하여 상대정맥증후군을 유발한, 혈관종양과 감별이 필요하였던 국소적 섬유화 세로칸염 1예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.86-92
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• 2005

Goodpasture's syndrome is a disease that is characterized by hemoptysis, anemia, and glomerulonephritis with renal failure. Goodpasture reported a case of a young man who expired as a result of a pulmonary hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis at the recovery phase after an influenza infection in 1919. In 1958, Stanton et al. described a combined case of these two diseases as Goodpasture's syndrome. Since then, antiglomerular basement membrane antibody(anti-GBM Ab) has been confirmed to play an important role in the mechanism of this syndrome, and it was reported that this syndrome was an autoimmune disease. The triad of alveolar hemorrhage, glomerulonephritis and circulating anti-GBM Ab forms the basis of a diagnosis of Goodpasture's syndrome. When patients are affected by disease, the relief of symptoms can be accomplished by eliminating the anti-GBM Ab from the circulatory system through hemodialysis, plasmapheresis and immunoabsorption. However, the patients usually die from a massive pulmonary hemorrhage when the diagnosis or treatment is delayed. The incidence of Goodpasture's syndrome is common in the western world, but it is extremely rare in Korea with only five cases being reported. In three of these cases, pulmonary hemorrhage and renal failure was the initial manifestation. Therefore, hemodialysis or plasmapheresis were absolutely essential treatments. We report a case of Goodpasture's syndrome in Korea with a normal renal function.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.275-279
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• 2004

사이토카인과 그들 수용체의 유전자 다형성은 면역작용에 의한 질병들의 발병원인에 있어서 유전적인 인자로 여겨지는 후보물질들로서, 자가면역질환 및 염증성 그리고 감염질환에 민감하게 연관되어 있다고 알려져 있다. 최근 새롭게 보고된 Interleukin-29유전자는 유전학적 질병들의 복잡한 특성을 해결할 수 있는 중요한 후보유전자이지만 이 유전자에 대한 다형성에 대한 연구는 아직 보고된바 없다. 우리는 이 연구에서 처음으로 프로모터부분을 포함한 Interleukin-29 유전자의 전체 지름 DNA에서 유전자의 다형성을 염기서열 분석 방법을 이용하여 탐색하였다. Interleukin-29 유전자의 다형성들이 한국인의 알레르기성 비염의 감염력과 관련되어 있는지를 알아보기 위하여 알레르기성 비염환자 및 알레르기성 비염이 걸리지 않은 정상인의 다형성을 유전자형과 대립유전자의 빈도를 비교분석 하였다. 우리는 이 연구에서 사람의 Interleukin-29 유전자의 한 개의 신규의 다형성 (1184C＞A)을 intron 2에서 그리고 한 개의 신규의 변이부위 (-1842_-1841dupGA)를 프로모터에서 찾아냈다. 우리들의 연구 결과는 이들 유전자 다형성 부위 및 변이부위가 알레르기성 비염과 연관은 없는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.425-429
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• 2008

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Type 1 diabetes, or juvenile-onset diabetes, results from a cellular-mediated autoimmune destruction of the ${\beta}$-cells of the pancreas. Type 2 diabetes, or adult-onset diabetes, is a term used for individuals who have insulin resistance, a condition that makes it harder for the cells to properly use insulin, and usually have relative insulin deficiency. The diabetes causes the onset of chronic complications and diabetic neuropathy is one of the most debilitating complications. In this study, the hypoglycemic effect and the preventive effect of diabetic complications of Dioscorea rhizoma extract(DRE) were examined in rodent model. We investigated the glucose tolerance test and long term hypoglycemic effect of DRE in Type 1 streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and Type 2 diabetic db/db mice. DRE showed a hypoglycemic effect on blood glucose levels than that of control group in Type 1 streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and Type 2 diabetic db/db mice. On the basis of our results, we conclude that long-term use of DRE might help decrease blood glucose level and prevention of diabetes-associated complication.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2015

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (CD4+CD25+ Tregs) have been shown to play a regulatory or suppressive role in the immune response and are possibly relevant to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. In the present study, we attempted to investigate the frequency of CD4+CD25+ Tregs in peripheral blood (PB) of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats during the development of arthritis, to determine whether their frequency is involved in the immunoregulation of this disease. The results showed that normal rats had similar frequencies of CD4+CD25+ Tregs in PB during the experiment time, expressed as a percentage of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells among the CD4+ T lymphocyte population. In contrast, the frequency of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells in CIA rats was found to change during the development of arthritis. In CIA rats, there is a significant negative correlation between the frequency of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells and paw swelling (r=-0.786, p< 0.01). The relationship between the frequency of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T and immune activation was not found in normal rats. During the time course, the frequency of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T was lower in CIA rats than in normal ones. The data suggest that the frequency of PB CD4+CD25+ Tregs may be a promising marker for arthritis activity.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.463-468
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• 2010

T-cell activation depends on signals received by the T-cell receptor and CD28 co-stimulatory receptor. Since B7.1 and B7.2 molecules expressed on the surface of antigen presenting cells provide co-stimulatory signals through CD28 to T-cells, an inhibitor of CD28-B7.1/B7.2 binding has been proposed as a therapeutic agent for suppression of excessive T-cell activity. Although anti-B7.1/B7.2 antibodies are known to block B7.1 and B7.2 molecules, their effects on intracellular events in antigen presenting cells remain unclear. In this study, anti-B7.1/B7.2 antibodies decreased secretion of nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-$\alpha$, IL-$1{\beta}$, and IL-12 in LPS-activated RAW264.7 macrophage-like cells and peritoneal macrophages. Moreover, anti-B7.1/B7.2 antibodies inhibited $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ phosphorylation and down-regulated expression of co-stimulatory molecules including B7.1, B7.2, and PD-L1 in LPS-stimulated peritoneal macrophages. These findings suggest that CTLA4-Ig and anti-B7.1/B7.2 antibodies may be candidates to treat chronic inflammatory diseases and autoimmune responses caused by excessive activation of both T-cells and macrophages.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.80-84
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• 2003

Objective : Bipolar disorder is known to have strong genetic background and cellular immune activation. Based on the hypothesis that abnormalities of normal inhibitory control of T cell immunity can contribute to the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder, we investigated the relationship between the first exon at position +49(A/G) polymorphism of cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4(CTLA4) gene and bipolar disorder. Method : Among the Korean patients diagnosed as bipolar disorder according to DSM-IV, 90 patients without serious medical illness, neurologic illness, hormonal disorder, or concomitant mental illness were selected. The normal control group consisted of 149 age-and sex-matched subjects without current or past history of autoimmune diseases or mental disorder. DNA was extracted from whole blood and the exon 1 region of CTLA-4 gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction. Gene typing was performed using single strand conformation polymorphism. Results : There were no significant differences in genotype frequencies of G/G, G/A, and A/A between the patients with bipolar disorder and the control group(48.9% vs 46.3%, 44.4% vs 39.6%, and 6.7% vs 14.1%, respectively). There were no significant differences in allelic frequencies of G and A between the patients with bipolar disorder and the control group(71.1% vs 66.1%, and 28.9% vs 33.9%, respectively). Conclusion : This study did not show the association of exon 1 polymorphism of CTLA-4 gene with bipolar disorder.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.490-497
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• 2004

Although the E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit (LTB) is known to be a potent mucosal adjuvant towards co-administrated unrelated antigens and immunoregulator in T-helper 1-type-mediated autoimmune diseases, a more efficient and useful LTB is still required for prospective vaccine adjuvants. To determine whether a novel chimeric LTB subunit would produce an enhanced mucosal adjuvant activity and immune response, a number of LTB subunits were genetically fused with chimeric proteins using the epitope genes of the envelope glycoprotein E2 (gp51-54) from the classical swine fever virus (CSFV). It was found that the total serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels of BALB/c mice orally immunized with chimeric proteins containing an N-terminal linked LTB subunit (LE1, LE2, and LE3) were higher than those of mice immunized with LTB, E2 epitope, and chimeric proteins that contained a C-terminal linked LTB subunit. In particular, immunization with LE1 markedly increased both the total serum Ig and fecal IgA level compared to immunization with LTB or the E2 epitope. Accordingly, the current results demonstrated that the LTB subunit in a chimeric protein exhibited a strong mucosal adjuvant effect as a carrier molecule, while the chimeric protein containing the LTB subunit stimulated the mucosal immune system by mediating the induction of antigen-specific serum Ig and mucosal IgA. Consequently, an LE1-mediated mucosal response may contribute to the development of effective antidiarrhea vaccine adjuvants.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.4367-4372
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• 2014

We here document discovery of expression profile of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients and changes in the course of disease. The study population was composed of 75 outpatient HBV cases and 15 healthy control cases. Peripheral blood samples were collected for separation of mononuclear cells. Levels of MDSCs labeled with Lin-DR-CD11b+CD33+ obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), were revealed to have significant differences between the CHB and other groups. They were 0.414% for health control cases and 0.226% for CHB cases (Z=-2.356, p=0.0189). It also observed that the group of HBeAg positive cases had significant difference in MDSCs/PBMC median ($X^2=11.877$, p=0.003), compared with group of HBeAg negative cases and the healthy control group. It suggested considerable MDSCs might be involved in HBeAg immune tolerance. In addition, negative correlations between MDSCs/PBMC and parameters of ALT, AST and TBil, while positive correlation between MDSCs/PBMC and ALB parameter were found. Multiple comparisons between the four phases and health control phase again, there was a statistically sifnificant difference ($X^2=17.198$, p=0.002). Taken together, these findings may provide a new immunotherapy strategy for reduced the expression levels of MDSCs in CHB patients, through induction of an autoimmune response to virus removal.