• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제66호
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• pp.41-59
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• 2008

Knowledge in linguistic rhythm of the target language plays a major role in foreign language proficiency. This study attempts to discover valid rhythm features that can be utilized in automatic assessment of non-native English pronunciation. Eight previously proposed and two novel rhythm metrics are investigated with 360 English read speech tokens obtained from 27 Korean learners and 9 native speakers. It is found that some of the speech-rate normalized interval measures and above-word level metrics are effective enough to be further applied for automatic scoring as they are significantly correlated with speakers' proficiency levels. It is also shown that metrics need to be dynamically selected depending upon the structure of target sentences. Results from a preliminary auto-scoring experiment through a Multi Regression analysis suggest that appropriate control of unexpected input utterances is also desirable for better performance.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.921-927
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• 2008

Discovery of $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitors has been actively pursued with the aim to develop therapeutics for the treatment of diabetes and the other carbohydrate mediated diseases. As a method for the discovery of new novel inhibitors of $\alpha$-glucosidase, we have addressed the performance of the computer-aided drug design protocol involving the homology modeling of $\alpha$-glucosidase and the structure-based virtual screening with the two docking tools: FlexX and the automated and improved AutoDock implementing the effects of ligand solvation in the scoring function. The homology modeling of $\alpha$-glucosidase from baker’s yeast provides a high-quality 3-D structure enabling the structure-based inhibitor design. Of the two docking programs under consideration, AutoDock is found to be more accurate than FlexX in terms of scoring putative ligands to the extent of 5-fold enhancement of hit rate in database screening when 1% of database coverage is used as a cutoff. A detailed binding mode analysis of the known inhibitors shows that they can be stabilized in the active site of $\alpha$- glucosidase through the simultaneous establishment of the multiple hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interactions. The present study demonstrates the usefulness of the automated AutoDock program with the improved scoring function as a docking tool for virtual screening of new $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitors as well as for binding mode analysis to elucidate the activities of known inhibitors.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2013년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.173-176
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• 2013

본 논문은 자동출제 및 채점 시스템이 HTML 및 XML 기반으로 작성된 시스템에서 문제시 되고 있는 오프라인에서 출제된 문제를 편리하게 자동으로 등록하는 방법, 출제된 문제의 편리한 관리, 문항의 병합문제등과 PC와 모바일 기기를 이용하여 장소에 제한받지 않고 시험에 응시가 가능한 시스템을 연구한다. 서버 시스템은 문제 등록 및 실시간 문항병합, 난이도조정 등 시험에 필요한 시스템을 구축한다. 클라이언트에서는 서버와의 통신을 이용하여 모바일 기기 및 PC에서 시험 응시에 필요한 View프로그램, 답안에 대한 전송 처리를 연구한다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2014년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.370-372
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• 2014

본 연구는 자동출제 및 채점 시스템이 HTML 및 XML 기반으로 작성된 시스템에서 문제시 되고 있는 오프라인에서 출제된 문제를 편리하게 자동으로 등록하는 방법, 출제된 문제의 편리한 관리, 문항의 병합문제등과 PC와 모바일 기기를 이용하여 장소에 구해받지 않고 시험에 응시가 가능한 시스템을 연구한다. 서버 시스템은 문제 등록 및 실시간 문항병합, 난이도조정 등 시험에 필요한 시스템을 구축한다. 클라이언트에서는 서버와의 통신을 이용하여 모바일 기기 및 PC에서 시험 응시에 필요한 View프로그램, 답안에 대한 전송 처리를 연구한다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2019

오늘날 데이터 처리에 있어 가장 보편적인 언어가 SQL이다. 이를 위해 SQL 교육이 대학에서 진행되고 있다. 따라서 이번 연구에서는 SQL교육의 학습효과를 극대화하기 위한 SQL의 퀴즈 자동 채점 시스템을 제안한다. 본 시스템은 SQL 퀴즈의 자동 채점을 위해 데이터베이스관리시스템을 활용한 알고리즘을 이용하였으며, 만족할 만한 결과를 도출하였다. 본 시스템을 위해 학사관리, 인사관리 데이터베이스에 대해 학사관리의 문제로 문제 은행을 구축하고, 사용자에게 매번 다른 문제를 제공할 수 있도록 하였다. 채점은 테이블에 변화가 없는 검색과 테이블이 변화하는 수정, 삽입, 삭제로 나누어 처리하였다. 검색의 경우 정답과 응답을 실행한 후 실행 결과를 비교하여 처리하였으며, 수정, 삽입, 삭제는 정답과 오답을 실행한 후 테이블을 검색하여 비교함으로써 정답을 확인하도록 하였다. 수정, 삽입, 삭제는 테이블이 변화하였으므로 트랜젝션(transaction) 제어어인 ROLLBACK 명령어를 이용하여 데이터를 원래대로 복원하였다. 본 시스템을 구현하고, 우리대학 컴퓨터정보과 2학년 88명을 대상으로 772회 시행하였다. 시행결과 1회 10문항으로 구성된 시험에 대한 평균 채점 소요시간은 0.052초로 매우 효과적인 것으로 나타났으며, 채점관의 경우 동시에 여러개의 응답을 동시에 처리할 수 없음을 고려한다면 본 시스템의 성능이 월등함을 확인하였다. 향후 정답율을 기초로 문제 난이도를 고려한 문제 시스템으로 발전시키고자 한다.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.139-146
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• 1998

The AutoPap 300 QC System is an automated device for the analysis and classification of conventional cervical cytology slides for quality control purpose. These studies evaluated the sensitivity of the AutoPap 300 QC System, and estimated morphologic features other than epithelial abnormality to identify a high quality control(QC) score with the AutoPap 300 QC System. The sensitivity of the AutoPap 300 QC System at 10% review rate for 210 cases of cervicovaginal cytology with low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(LSIL) and higher grade lesion was assessed, and compared with a 10% random rescreening. The morphologic features, such as presence of endocervical component, dirty background, atrophy, abnormal ceil size, and celluiarity of single atypical cells were estimated in 45 cases of no review and 30 cases of QC review cases. The AutoPap 300 QC System identified 119(56.7%) out of 210 cases with LSIL and higher grade lesion at 10% review rate. It was more sensitive to squamous cell lesions$(50{\sim}62%)$ than to glandular lesions(10%). The dirty background and the scanty cellularity of single atypical cells were significantly related to low QC score. Conclusively, AutoPap 300 QC System is superior to human random rescreen for the identification of false negative smears. The upgrading of this device is required to enhance the defection of glandular lesion and certain Inadequate conditions of the slides.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.369-374
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• 2002

The present study was performed to validate an automated image analysis system (Loats Automated Micronucleus Scoring System) for the mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay, comparing with conventional microscopic scoring. Two studies were conducted to provide slides for a comparison of micro-nucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) values collected manually to those collected by the auto-mated system. Test article A was used as an example of a compound negative for the induction of micronuclei and test article B was wed as a micronucleus-inducing agent to elicit a positive response. Cyclophosphamide was included to provide an positive control in two studies. Bone marrow samples were collected 24 h after administration of test article A and B in male ICR mice. The cells were fixed with absolute methanol and stained with May-Grunwald and Giemsa. The number of MNPCEs was determined by the analysis of 1000 total PCEs per bone marrow sample. In addition to micronucleus scoring, an index of bone marrow toxicity based on PCE ratio (% of PCEs to total erythrocytes) was determined for each sample. The automated and manual scoring was similar when the MNPCEs incidence induced by each test article was less than 10. However manual scoring was able to effectively enumerate micronucleated PCEs in mouse bone marrow when MNPCEs incidence was more than 10, such as cyclophosphamide treatment. Conversely, PCE ratio was superior in computer-assisted image analysis. Taken together, it is suggested that improvement of the automated image analysis may be necessary to render the automatic scoring as sensitive as manual scoring for routine counting of micronuclei, especially because it is superior in objectivity and high throughput scoring.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.1764-1776
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• 2021

Objective: This study aimed to validate a deep learning-based fully automatic calcium scoring (coronary artery calcium [CAC]_auto) system using previously published cardiac computed tomography (CT) cohort data with the manually segmented coronary calcium scoring (CAC_hand) system as the reference standard. Materials and Methods: We developed the CAC_auto system using 100 co-registered, non-enhanced and contrast-enhanced CT scans. For the validation of the CAC_auto system, three previously published CT cohorts (n = 2985) were chosen to represent different clinical scenarios (i.e., 2647 asymptomatic, 220 symptomatic, 118 valve disease) and four CT models. The performance of the CAC_auto system in detecting coronary calcium was determined. The reliability of the system in measuring the Agatston score as compared with CAC_hand was also evaluated per vessel and per patient using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland-Altman analysis. The agreement between CAC_auto and CAC_hand based on the cardiovascular risk stratification categories (Agatston score: 0, 1-10, 11-100, 101-400, > 400) was evaluated. Results: In 2985 patients, 6218 coronary calcium lesions were identified using CAC_hand. The per-lesion sensitivity and false-positive rate of the CAC_auto system in detecting coronary calcium were 93.3% (5800 of 6218) and 0.11 false-positive lesions per patient, respectively. The CAC_auto system, in measuring the Agatston score, yielded ICCs of 0.99 for all the vessels (left main 0.91, left anterior descending 0.99, left circumflex 0.96, right coronary 0.99). The limits of agreement between CAC_auto and CAC_hand were 1.6 ± 52.2. The linearly weighted kappa value for the Agatston score categorization was 0.94. The main causes of false-positive results were image noise (29.1%, 97/333 lesions), aortic wall calcification (25.5%, 85/333 lesions), and pericardial calcification (24.3%, 81/333 lesions). Conclusion: The atlas-based CAC_auto empowered by deep learning provided accurate calcium score measurement as compared with manual method and risk category classification, which could potentially streamline CAC imaging workflows.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.173-182
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• 2023

The composite planetary gear reducer, a power transmission component of armored vehicles, operates at a high torque and is used in severe environments such as mountain, gravel or unpaved roads. Therefore, they must be designed and manufactured to have high durability. To design such a planetary gear reducer, there are numerous specifications to validate, such as selecting the module and the number of teeth of each gear satisfied the requirements, and calculating gear specifications and durability strength. Because planetary gears constitute a combination of several gears, there are many restrictions and interferences in selecting the number of teeth and addendum modification coefficients, and designing the tooth shape. Developing an auto design program is necessary to design various planetary gears more conveniently and quickly. In this study, a planetary gear reducer design software, widely used in various machines and armored vehicles, was developed. This design software can automatically select the number of teeth and modules of the gears, calculate specifications and quickly evaluate its fatigue durability strength and scoring failure according to the planetary gear reducer design theory.

• 대한정형외과학회지
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2020

목적: 본 연구에서는 봉합 불가능한 광범위 회전근 개 파열에 있어서 상완 이두근 건 장두를 이용한 관절경하 부분 봉합술의 임상적 유용성 및 장기 추시 결과를 발표하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 봉합 불가능한 광범위 회전근 개 파열 환자 중 상완 이두근 건 장두에 50% 미만의 파열이 있는 41명의 환자를 대상으로 상완 이두근 건 장두를 이용하여 관절경하 부분 봉합술을 시행받은 1군과 파열되지 않은 상완 이두근 건 장두가 있으나 자가 이식건을 이용하지 않고 관절경하 부분 봉합술만을 시행한 2군으로 나누었다. 임상 점수는 시각통증점수(visual analogue pain scale, VAS), 운동범위(range of motion, ROM), The University of California, Los Angeles shoulder score (UCLA), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Shoulder Score (ASES) 및 Korean Shoulder Scoring System (KSS) 점수로 측정하였으며 최종 추시에 측정된 점수가 사용되었다. 수술 전과 최종 추시에 촬영한 단순 방사선 사진을 이용하여 견봉상완거리(acromiohumeral interval, AHI)를 측정하였고 최종 추시에 시행한 초음파 또는 자기공명영상 검사를 이용하여 재파열 여부를 평가하였다. 결과: 환자의 평균 연령은 62.1±12.7세였으며, 평균 추시 기간은 90.3±16.8개월이었다. 1군과 2군 간에 VAS와 ROM (전방 거상, 외회전, 내회전)의 유의한 차이는 없었다(p=0.179, p=0.129, p=0.098, p=0.155). UCLA, ASES 및 KSS 점수는 2군과 비교해 1군에서 기능적 개선을 보였다(p=0.041, p=0.023, p=0.019). 최종 추시 시 AHI는 1군 9.46±0.41 mm, 2군 6.86±0.64 mm로 측정되었다(p=0.032). 재파열은 1군 21예 중 6예(28.6%), 2군 20예 중 9예(45.0%)에서 발견되었다. 1군의 경우 2군에 비하여 유의하게 낮은 재파열률을 보였다(p=0.011). 결론: 본 연구에서는 봉합이 불가능한 광범위 회전근 개 파열이 있는 환자들에게 상완 이두근 건 장두를 이용한 관절경하 부분 봉합술을 시행하여 장기 추시한 결과, 상완 이두근 건 장두를 사용하지 않은 군에 비하여 기능적 향상 및 낮은 재파열률을 보인다. 따라서 이는 봉합 불가능한 광범위 회전근 개 파열이 있는 환자에서 좋은 수술적 방법으로 생각된다.