• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제36권4호
• /
• pp.556-562
• /
• 2009

이소맹출은 유전적 요인 혹은 여러 가지 국소적 요인에 의해 치아가 비정상적인 위치로 맹출하는 경우를 말한다. 이소맹출이 가장 빈번히 발생하는 치아는 상악 제1대구치로 이를 방치할 경우 인접치의 치근흡수 및 이에 따른 조기탈락으로 영구치 맹출공간 부족을 야기하며, 결과적으로 부정교합을 유발하는 중요한 요인으로 작용한다. 그러나, 치료에 앞서 이소맹출중인 치아가 자발적으로 맹출하기를 기다려볼 것인지 혹은 조기에 치료를 하여 제2유구치의 치근흡수나 탈락을 예방해야 할 것인지에 대한 결정이 선행되어야 한다. 현재 이를 위한 몇몇 진단학적 기준이 제시되고 있으나 학자간 이견이 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 방사선학적 검사를 통해 상악 제1대구치의 이소맹출이 조기 발견된 증례들 중 전방에 위치한 제2유구치의 치근이 흡수되어 비가역적 특징을 보인다고 판단되는 증례에 대해 특별한 처치 없이 주기적인 검진을 통해 자발적으로 해소된 결과를 관찰하였다. 이와 함께 상악 제2유구치 치근흡수의 정도와 상악 제1대구치의 맹출 기울기에 따른 후향적 분석을 통해 상악 제1대구치 이소맹출의 유형을 예측하고자 하였다. 상악 제2유구치의 치근 흡수 정도에 따라 grade I에서 IV로 분류하였고, 파노라마 방사선 사진 상에서 양측 안와의 최하방점을 연결한 수평선과 상악 제1대구치의 근심면을 따라 연결한 수직선을 기준으로 하여 근심각(mesial angle)을 측정하였다. 결과적으로는 상악 제2유구치의 치근 흡수 정도보다 상악 제1대구치의 맹출 기울기가 이소맹출의 유형을 진단하는 데에 있어 더 신뢰할만한 기준이라고 판단할 수 있었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권15호
• /
• pp.6041-6046
• /
• 2014

Objective: Liposarcoma (LPS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma and accounts for approximately 20% of all mesenchymal malignancies, often occurring in deep soft tissue of retroperitoneal space. Accurate preoperative diagnosis is therefore necessary. We explored whether computed tomography (CT) could be used to differentiate between the various types of retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RPLS). Method: Forty-seven cases of RPLS, diagnosed surgically and histologically, were analyzed retrospectively. CT features were correlated with postoperative pathological appearance. Results: The study radiologist identified 29, 11, 2, 2 and 3 RPLS as atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma (ALT/WDL), dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDL), myxoid/round cell liposarcoma (ML/RCL), pleomorphic liposarcoma (PL) and mixed-type liposarcoma. Analysis of CT scans revealed the following typical findings of the different subtypes of RPLS: ALT/WDL was mainly visible as a well-delineated fatty hypodense tumor with uniform density and integrity margin; DDL was marked by the combination of focal nodular density and hypervascularity. ML/RCL, PL and mixed liposarcoma showed malignant biological behaviour and CT findings need further studies. Conclusions: CT scanning can reveal important details including internal components, margins and surrounding tissues. Based on CT findings, tumor type can be roughly evaluated and biopsy location and therapeutic scheme guided.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.2205-2210
• /
• 2014

Objective: To retrospectively review the clinical characteristics and analyze the prognostic factors of Chinese patients with pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors. Materials and Methods: The clinical data of 176 patients with pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors in Chinese PLA General Hospital from Mar., 2000 to Oct., 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. The parameters were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis, including the gender, age, smoking history, family history, TNM staging, localization (central or peripheral), tumor size, nodal status, histological subtype and treatment (operation or non-operation). Results: There were 23 patients with typical carcinoids (TC) (13.1%), 41 with atypical carcinoids (AC) (23.3%), 10 with large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) (5.7%) and 102 with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) (57.9%). The median follow-up time was 64.5 months for AC, 38 months for LCNEC and 27 months for SCLC. The typical carcinoid censored data was 18 (more than 50% of the patients), so the median follow-up time was not obtained, and actuarial 5-year survivals for TC, AC, LCNEC and SCLC were 75.1%, 51.7%, 26.7% and 38.8%, respectively. COX univariate analysis revealed that the age (P=0.001), histological subtype (P=0.005), nodal status (P=0.000), treatment (P=0.000) and TNM staging (P=0.000) were the prognostic factors of the patients with pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors, whereas its multivariate analysis showed that only the age(P=0.001), TNM staging (P=0.002) and treatment (P=0.000) were independent prognostic factors. Conclusions: Radical surgery remains the treatment of choice, and is the only curative option. The age, TNM staging and treatment are confirmed to be the independent prognostic factors in multivariable models for pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.1495-1499
• /
• 2015

Background: c-Kit is a proto-oncogene that encodes a tyrosine kinase receptor (CD117). Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a useful marker for demonstrating thrombocyte function. We aimed to investigate whether c-kit is expressed in benign, preneoplastic and neoplastic endometrial tissues and whether MPV has a relation with c-kit expression and its intensity. Materials and Methods: c-Kit expression was investigated immunohistochemically in 10 samples of normal endometrium (n=10), simple endometrial hyperplasia (5 cases with atypia and 10 cases without atypia), complex endometrial hyperplasia (10 cases with atypia and 10 cases without atypia) and endometrial cancer (EC) (10 cases grade I and 10 cases grade II) and MPV of all cases was checked. Results: c-Kit expression was observed at very low rates in cases with normal endometrial tissues (NE) and in hyperplasia without atypia. c-Kit expression and immunostaining were strong in endometrial atypia and EC. MPV levels of complex atypical endometrial hyperplasia (CAEH) (p:0.002), EC grade I (ECG I) (p<0.001) and EC grade II (ECG II) (p<0.001) were significantly elevated when compared with the NE group. Both c-kit expression and intensity of immunostaining had a positive correlation with MPV level. Conclusions: While c-kit expression and intensity of immunostaining were mildly positive in NE and hyperplasia without atypia, they were clearly observed in EC and hyperplasia with atypia. As c-kit expression is related to the mutagenesis a long-term followup may be needed in these cases. A high MPV level may be a good test for demonstrating c-kit expression and intensity of immunostaining.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제52권5호
• /
• pp.622-626
• /
• 2009

키쿠치(Kikuchi) 병, 키쿠치-후지모토(Kikuchi-Fujimoto) 병, 혹은 조직구 괴사성 림프선염은 1972년 일본에서 키쿠치와 후지모토 두 사람에 의해 처음 기술되었으며 흔히 아시아 지역에서 30세 미만의 여성들을 주로 침범하는 자가 관해 질환으로 기술되어져왔다. 이 질환의 병인은 여전히 잘 알려져 있지 않으나 감염성(EBV, HHV-6 and -8, HTLV-1, cytomegalovirus, varicella-zoster virus, tuberculosis, toxoplasmosis, yersiniosis, cat scratch disease), 자가면역성(SLE, Kawasaki disease), 그리고 종양성 질환(lymphoma)이 포함되는 것으로 간주된다. 가장 흔한 임상증상은 발열과 통증 없는 경부 림프선염이다. 진단은 생검을 통한 조직병리학적으로 하게 되는데, 주로 풍부한 핵파괴(karyorrhexis)를 가진 피질 주위 지역에서 나타나는 국소 괴사, 괴사 지역 주위로 비정형적인 단핵구들의 집합, 중성구 및 형질 세포의 결핍, 그리고 대개 림프절 캡슐의 보존 등으로 특징 지워진다. 절대적인 치료법은 없어 대증 치료를 하게 되며 치료 없이도 대개 1-6개월 안에 자가 관해되고 재발률도 3.3%에 불과하다. 키쿠치-후지모토 병의 합병증으로 피부, 심장, 골수 등을 침범할 수 있으며 간질환, 무균성 뇌수막염, 간비비대 등이 발생할 수 있으나 드물다. 본 증례에서는 입원 당시 결핵성 임파선염과 뇌수막염으로 오인되었던 무균성 뇌수막염을 동반한 키쿠치-후지모토 병을 경험하였기에 이에 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국항행학회논문지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.247-254
• /
• 2012

본 논문에서는 비정형 궤도를 따라 이동하며 통신하는 비행체들 간의 데이터 전송 신뢰성을 보장하기 위해 다이버시티 TCM(trellis coded modulation) 코드를 연접한 연접 다이버시티 시스템을 제안하고 그 성능을 분석한 후 제안한 시스템을 설계하였다. 제안한 시스템은 다이버시티 TCM 코드를 연접하였기 때문에 부호화 이득 및 대역 활용의 효율성이 높을 뿐만 아니라 데이터 전송 신뢰성 또한 높다. 이러한 특성은 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통해 확인할 수 있는데 제안한 시스템의 비트 오율 성능(BER)을 시뮬레이션 하여 TCM 코드와 비교해 본 결과 BER $10^{-2}$에서 약 11dB 우수 하고 최대 다이버시티 이득을 갖는 시공간 블록코드와 비교한 결과 BER $10^{-3}$에서 약 10dB 우수하다. 또한 다이버시티 이득과 코딩 이득을 갖는 시공간 트렐리스 코드와 비교하였을 경우에는 최대 약 1.5dB 우수함을 확인할 수 있다. 마지막으로 제안한 시스템을 HDL(hardware description language)로 구현하여 그 동작을 확인해 본 결과 그 동작의 결과가 적합함을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제63권6호
• /
• pp.821-826
• /
• 2020

Objective : Hyperostosis in meningiomas can be present in 4.5% to 44% of cases. Radical resection should include aggressive removal of invaded bone. It is not clear however to what extent bone removal should be carried to achieve pathologically free margins, especially that in many cases, there is a T2 hyperintense signal that extends beyond the hyperostotic bone. In this study we try to investigate the perimeter of tumour cells outside the visible nidus of hyperostotic bone and to what extent they are present outside this nidus. This would serve as an initial step for setting guidelines on dealing with hyperostosis in meningioma surgery. Methods : This is a prospective case series that included 14 patients with convexity meningiomas and hyperostosis during the period from March 2017 to August 2018 in two university hospitals. Patients demographics, clinical, imaging characteristics, intraoperative and postoperative data were collected and analysed. In all cases, all visible abnormal bone was excised bearing in mind to also include the hyperintense diploe in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2 weighted images after careful preoperative assessment. To examine bony tumour invasion, five marked bone biopsies were taken from the craniotomy flap for histopathological examinations. These include one from the centre of hyperostotic nidus and the other four from the corners at a 2-cm distance from the margin of the nidus. Results : Our study included five males (35.7%) and nine females (64.3%) with a mean age of 43.75 years (33-55). Tumor site was parietal in seven cases (50%), fronto-parietal in three cases (21.4%), parieto-occipital in two cases (14.2%), frontal region in one case and bicoronal (midline) in one case. Tumour pathology revealed a World Health Organization (WHO) grade I in seven cases (50%), atypical meningioma (WHO II) in five cases (35.7%) and anaplastic meningioma (WHO III) in two cases (14.2%). In all grade I and II meningiomas, bone biopsies harvested from the nidus revealed infiltration with tumour cells while all other bone biopsies from the four corners (2 cm from nidus) were free. In cases of anaplastic meningiomas, all five biopsies were positive for tumour cells. Conclusion : Removal of the gross epicentre of hyperostotic bone with the surrounding 2 cm is adequate to ensure radical excision and free bone margins in grade I and II meningiomas. Hyperintense signal change in MRI T2 weighted images, even beyond visible hypersototic areas, doesn't necessarily represent tumour invasion.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권24호
• /
• pp.10961-10966
• /
• 2015

Background: Minor cervical cytologic abnormalities include atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL). Approximately 10-20% of women with minor cytologic abnormalities have histologic high-grade squamous intraepithelial or worse lesions (HSIL+). In Thailand, women with minor cytologic abnormalities have a relatively high risk of cervical cancer, and referral for colposcopy has been suggested. A triage test is useful in the selection of women at risk for histologic HSIL+ to reduce the colposcopy burden. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of high-risk HPV DNA test in triage of women with minor cytologic abnormalities in northern Thailand. Materials and Methods: All women with ASC-US/LSIL cytology who were referred to our colposcopy clinic from October 2010 to February 2014 were included. HPV DNA testing was performed using Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2). All patients received colposcopic examination. Accuracy values of HC2 in predicting the presence of histologic HSIL+ were calculated. Results: There were 238 women in this study (121 ASC-US and 117 LSIL). The HC2 positivity rate was significantly higher in the LSIL group than in ASC-US group (74.8% versus 41.0%, p<0.001). Histologic HSIL+ was detected in 9 women (7.4%) in the ASC-US group and 16 women (13.7%) in the LSIL group (p=0.141). There was no histologic HSIL+ detected among HC2-negative cases (sensitivity and negative predictive value of 100%). The performance of HC2 triage was highest among women aged >50 years with ASC-US cytology. An increase in the cut-off threshold for positive HC2 resulted in a substantial decrease of sensitivity and negative predictive value. Conclusions: HPV DNA testing with HC2 shows very high sensitivity and negative predictive value in triage of women with minor cervical cytologic abnormalities in northern Thailand. An increase of the cut-off threshold for HC2 triage is not recommended in this region.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제14권9호
• /
• pp.5519-5525
• /
• 2013

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in Thai women after breast cancer. Currently, the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear is the recommended procedure for cervical cancer screening in Thailand, but only a relatively small percentage of women follow this screening program. An alternative method to detect HPV genotypes associated with cervical cancer is self-sampling of urine, which is a more widely accepted method. Our study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of HPV in Thai women using urine and cervical swabs and prevalence of HPV in Thai men using urine samples. Materials and Methods: Tumorigenic HPV detection was accomplished by electrochemical DNA chip and PCR/direct sequencing. In addition to HPV prevalence, we report the concordance between different methods and sample types. One-hundred and sixteen women and 100 men were recruited. Histological examination revealed normal cytology in 52 women, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) in 9, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) in 24, and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) in 31. One-hundred men were classified as heterosexuals (n=45) and homosexuals (n=55). Results: The most prevalent HPV genotype in our study was HPV16. The HPV detection rate was generally lower in urine samples compared with cervical samples. Overall, there was good agreement for the detection of carcinogenic HPV from female cervical samples between the DNA chip and PCR/sequencing, with 88.8% total agreement and a kappa value of 0.76. In male urine samples, the level of agreement was higher in heterosexuals compared with homosexuals. Conclusions: Further improvement is required to increase an overall yield of HPV DNA detection in urine samples before clinical application of a urine-based HPV screening program. The electrochemical DNA chip test is a promising technique for carcinogenic HPV detection.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.659-669
• /
• 2000

Many patients of acute myocardial infarction showed delay time before seeking treatment although they needed immediate thrombolytic therapy once they perceived their symptoms. The objectives of this study were to identify the relationship between clinical symptoms and the delay, and to find the time spent before seeking the treatment. This study was a retrospective research. The delay time for the treatment consisted of the length of delay from symptom onset to patients' decision (T1), from patients' decision making to finding transportation (T2), and from taking transportation to the first hospital arrival(T3). The subjects were 89 patients who were admitted in the ICU and Cardiac Ward at Chonnam University Hospital with the first attack of acute myocardial infarction. Center, USA The data was collected for three months from March 1st to May 31st of 1998 through questionnaires and reviewing patients' charts: The chart information was suppled by two nurses working at the ICU and Cardiac Ward. The data was analyzed by using frequency, mean and ANOVA through the SAS program. The results of study summarized as follows: 1. Sixty two patients (69.7%) were male and twenty seven patients (30.3%) were female, the ratio of male to female was 2.3 : 1. 2. In daily life, the 70.8% of the patients felt chest pain and discomfort fatigue in 67.4%, dyspnea in 57.3%, and pain in arm, neck, and jaw in 52.8%. During the attack, 97.8% of the patients felt chest pain and discomfort dyspnea in 82.1%, pain in arm, neck, jaw in 67.4% and perspiration in 51.7%. 3. The length of time a patient spent seeking time for treatment (T1+T2+T3) was 94.6 minutes, in which the time for patients' decision making for treatment (T1) was 70.3 minutes, time for finding transportation (T2) was 8.2 minutes, and time for the transportation of the patient to the first hospital (T3) was 16.1 minutes. Time for patients' decision making to go to a hospital(T1) was 74.2% of the total time sought for treatment. 4. The differences of time sought for treatment between perceptions about the seriousness of the symptoms were significant (F= 6.5, p< .01). The more serious the heart symptoms they felt, the shorter the seeking time for treatment. 5. The differences of the time delay before treatment between the degree of the symptoms were significant (F= 2.9, p< .05). The patients with the typical chest pain and discomfort spent shorter the seeking time for treatment than those with the atypical symptoms of acute myocardial infarction. 6. The differences of transportation time to the first hospital between the types of cars that the patients used, were significant (F= 4.3, p< .01). When the patients used 119 or 129 they spent the least time (5.3 minutes) for transportation, and followed by way of an ambulance (15.6 minutes), private car (20.6 minutes), and taxi (24.8 minutes).