• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.613-616
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• 2003

This paper describes the design and implementation of wideband 360$^{\circ}$ phase shifter by using I/Q vector method. One of four quadrants was selected by a switching operation and the desired phase value was obtained by varying attenuation level of attenuator located in I/Q path. The minimum phase RMS error of 3.6$^{\circ}$ and the maximum phase RMS error of 25.2$^{\circ}$ were measured over 6~180Hz frequency range. Those characteristics are good enough for the requirement of ECM radar equipment. The phase values can be adjusted by control module.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2000.02a
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• pp.132-133
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• 2000

최근, 인터넷 등의 보급으로 인하여 급증하는 다양한 형태의 정보를 효과적으로 전송하기 위하여 파장분할다중화 광통신시스템 (wavelength division multiplexed optical communication system: WDM)이 활발히 개발 및 보급되어 왔다. 가변 광감쇠기는 각 파장별 광신호의 세기를 균일하게 하여 장거리 전송을 가능하게 하는 WDM시스템의 핵심 소자이다. 폴리머 소자는 제작이 간편하고 가격이 저렴할 뿐 만 아니라 다른 소자와의 집적이 용이하고, 열광학 계수가 실리카에 비하여 10배 정도 커서 구동전력을 크게 줄일 수 있는 등의 장점으로 인하여 폴리머 광감쇠기가 활발하게 연구되어 왔다$^{(1)}$ . 본 논문에서는 미세 가공된 멤브레인형$^{(2)}$ 도파로를 이용한 저전력 폴리머 가변 광가쇠기에 관한 것이다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 1999.04b
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• pp.381-385
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• 1999

To investigate the influence of the design and operating parameters of the headbox on hydrodynamics, a pilot headbox system and pressure monitoring apparatus were constructed. The pilot headbox system consisted of a circulating water reservoir, centrifugal pump, distributor, step diffusor and slice. The distributor was designed to function as a pressure attenuator. Flow rate to the headbox and MD and CD velocity profiles in the slice zone were monitored using an ultrasonic flowmeter and Pitot tubes, respectively. As the distance from the step diffusor increased, evener CD velocity profile was observed. Wall effect increased with the increase of the velocity. Flow stability in the headbox was evaluated by injecting a dye at the outlet of the distributor. Application of theoretical analysis based on CFD in designing headboxes is briefly discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.712-716
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• 2006

NiCr thin films prepared on $SiO_2/Si$ substrates at room temperature by magnetron co-sputtering technique and then annealed in a vacuum ambient $(3{\times}10^{-6}\;Torr)\;at\;400^{\circ}C$. The grain size and crystallinity of the films increased with film thickness. The resistivity of the films slightly decreases as the film thickness increases, Temperature coefficient resistance (TCR) exhibits positive values irrespective of film thickness and TCR in the range of 50 to 400 nm thickness shows suitable values for the application of 10 dB in ${\pi}-type$ attenuators.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.5 no.4 s.17
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• pp.41-45
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• 2006

Micro vibration isolation, typically originated from ground, is always a prime concern for the nano-measurement instruments such as Atomic Force Microscopes. A four mount active vibration isolation system is proposed in this paper. Modeling and control of such a four mount system was analyzed. Combined active-passive isolation principle is used for vibration isolation by mounting the instrument on a passively damped isolation system made of Elastomer along with the active stage in parallel that consists of very soft actuation system, the Voice Coil Motor. The active stage works in combination with the passive stage for working as a very low frequency vibration attenuator.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.83-90
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• 2009

This paper presents the design and measurement of a flight model for a Ku-Band Linearized Channel Amplifier. All MMICs, Variable Gain Amplifier (VGA), Variable Voltage Attenuator ('.IVA), Branch line Coupler and Detector for Pre-distorter are fabricated using a Thin-Film Hybrid process. The performance of the fabricated module is verified through the radio frequency circuit simulation tool and electrical function test in space environment.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.215-216
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• 2006

In this paper, the antenna the with linear active phased array of $1{\times}16$ operated in DBS band was designed. The antenna was composed of sixteen radiating elements, sixteen active channels and five Wilkinson power combiners with 4-channel inputs, a digital control board and a stabilizing DC bias board. The radiating element of the array has the structure of a microstrip stack patch with a left-hand circular polarization. And, each active channel consists of a low noise ampilifier, a 3-bit digital phase shifter and a variable analog attenuator. The breadboard of linear active phased array antenna was also fabricated to test the electrical performances. The radiation patterns of the antenna were measured after correcting initial phases of each active channel in aechoic chamber. And also, the beam scanning chracteristcs of $10^{\circ}$, $20^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$ were measured.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.183-195
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• 2007

MEMS technology is proven to be an enabling technology to realize many components for optical networking applications. Due to its widespread applications, VOA has been one of the most attractive MEMS based key devices in optical communication market. Micromachined shutters and refractive mirrors on top of silicon substrate or on the device layer of SOI (Silicon-on-insulator) substrate are the approaches trapped tremendous research activities, because such approaches enable easier alignment and assembly works. These groups of devices are known as the planar VOAs, or two-dimensional (2-D) VOAs. In this review article, we conduct the comprehensively literature survey with respect to MEMS based planar VOA devices. Apparently MEMS VOA technology is still evolving into a mature technology. MEMS VOA technology is not only the cornerstone to support the future optical communication technology, but the best example for understanding the evolution of optical MEMS technology.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.718-721
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• 2013

This letter proposes a novel calibration method for a multiport amplifier (MPA) to achieve optimum port-to-port isolation by correcting both the amplitude and phase of the calibration signals. The proposed architecture allows for the detection of the phase error and amplitude error in each RF signal path simultaneously and can enhance the calibrated resolution by controlling the analog phase shifters and attenuators. The designed $2{\times}2$ and $4{\times}4$ MPAs show isolation characteristics of 30 dB and 27 dB over a frequency range of 19.5 GHz to 22.5 GHz, respectively.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.07c
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• pp.1912-1913
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• 2003

This paper presents a variable optical attenuator (VOA) that is fabricated using bosch deep silicon etching process [1] with silicon-on- insulator (SOI) wafer. The VOA consists of driving electrode, ground electrode, actuating mirror, and mechanical slower. In this VOA, actuating mirror is driven by electrostatic force [2] and the pull-in voltage is close to 13V, 28 V, 46V come along with the spring width of $3{\mu}m,\;5{\mu}m,\;7{\mu}m$ respectively.