• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.3-24
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• 2001

All human being can't exist by oneself. That is, all human being depend on intimate attachment for their survival. Physical and psychological powers and control functions are prerequisites for one's survival and these serve important functions in interpersonal relationships. There are two kinds of powers and controls. One is positive power which helps one survive effectively. Another one is negative power which disturbs one's effective survival. Introspection is one of the positive power and most important process in understanding oneself and others. Thus, the purpose of this study is to elucidate the physical and psychological meaning of the characteristics of water and based on this meaning, to suggest one way of introspection. The authors reviewed the precept of water which is described in Bible and oriental classical books such as 'the Analects of Confuicus(論語)', 'Tao Te Ching(道德經)', 'Mencius(맹자)', 'Chronicle(史記)', 'The Doctrine of the Mean(中庸)', 'University(大學)'. The author also reviewed 'The History of Three Countries(삼국사기, 삼국유사)', 'The Precept of Religion', and 'the modern poems' which includes the symbolic meaning of water. The results are summarized as follows：1) The flow of water itself is the expression of introspection. Because, water does not flow without filling a puddle. 2) Water is the symbol of 'Immortality'. 3) Water symbolizes 'Modesty and Trust'. 4) Water is the symbol of 'Freedom from Greed'. 5) Water symbolizes 'Goodness and Beauty'. 6) Water symbolizes 'Naturality and Love'. Immortality, Modesty and Trust, Freedom from Greed, Goodness and Beauty, and Naturality and Love are eternal, universal values which all human should seek and achieve. By the process of introspection through the symbolic meaning of water, we can achieve these positive aspects of human mind and spirit.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.279-285
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to perform a muscle function path analysis of muscle function on myofascial meridians. Method: Seven male students (mean age: $22{\pm}3.46years$; mean mass: $72.71{\pm}8.19kg$; mean height: $174{\pm}4.39cm$) without a history of musculoskeletal system symptoms or injuries were recruited for this study. The measurement muscle of the myofascial line was selected along with the muscle presented in "anatomy trains (Thomas W. Myers. 2014)", and the attachment of the surface EMG (Telemyo 2400T G2, USA) pad was determined according to "EMG analysis (Kim Tae Wan et al., 2013)". The subjects underwent maximum volumetric contraction of their fascia line end muscles three times in lying and standing postures and were subjected to the maximum number of contractions of the myofascial line muscle three times in the lying and standing postures. The sampling rate of the EMG signal was set to 1,000 Hz, and the bandwidth was 20 to 350 Hz. The activity of each muscle was quantitated using the Pearson correlation coefficient, and SPSS 22.0 was used for data analysis. Results: In myofascial meridians, a positive correlation in the myofascial connection and a negative correlation in the mechanical connection were observed. Conclusion: Muscles that show significant contract correlations with one another may be expected to be used as an effective clinical marker in muscle strengthening or relaxation therapy, and rehabilitative training. In this study, the correlation of total myofascial meridians may differ without consideration of functional posture. Future studies need to consider these points.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.719-731
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• 2005

Purpose: This research was conducted to explore the experience of middle-aged women parting with their children and to develop a grounded theory. Method: The participants were 11 women in their 50's who had experienced parting with their children due to schooling, military service and marriage. The grounded theory methodology based on symbolic interactionism was used. Results: 106 concepts, 30 subcategories and 14 categories were derived from the analysis through processes of open coding, axial coding and selective coding. The central phenomenon was 'happy but sad' and the core category was a process of 'independence that is sorrowful yet delightful'. Four types were identified; the independent-type; submissive -type; family-reliant-type ; and fragile-type; based on the attachment to the child, state of mind, satisfaction of the situation, family support system and self-achievement. Conclusion: This research identified that the modern Korean middle-aged women who are considered to be the 'sandwich generation' since they have experienced a turbulent history and the change from a confucian parent-child lifestyle to a couple-oriented one, moved away from an attitude dependent on children in parting with them and started preparing for an independent late life. Based on the results, the verification research is advised on the variables that affect the experience of parting with children.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.75-80
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• 2010

Intestinal duplication cysts are characterized by the attachment to some part of the gastrointestinal tract with which a blood supply is shared, and have an epithelial lining resembling some part of the alimentary tract. A 15-month-old female was admitted to our hospital with cyclic irritability, vomiting, and blood-tinged stool. The results of an ultrasound showed an ileocolic intussusception and a 1.3 cm cystic mass had double-wall sign and a Y-configuration with an adjacent ileal loop. She had a past history of two ileocolic intussusceptions. The cystic mass was considered to be a pathologic lead point, so resection and end-to-end anastomosis was performed. The gross and histologic evaluation of the specimen demonstrated a $2.4{\times}2.4$ cm cystic mass containing yellow mucoid fluid and the cyst wall was lined with intestinal and gastric mucosa and enclosed by a layer of muscle, which was shared with the adjacent ileum.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.644-651
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• 1999

It is a relatively common clinical experience to see an unerupted maxillary central incisor. This phenomenon is apparent at the dental age of almost eight years and over. Among the possible cause for failure of eruption, ectopic development of the tooth germ is mentioned. This is not fully understood but trauma or periapical imflammation of primary predecessors is accepted. The case with no history of trauma may be impacted by the periapical imflammation of primary predecessors. For bringing into the tooth eruption and the continued normal root developement by the Hertwig's epithelial root sheath, there are early considered of surgical invention and orthodontic traction with removable appliance. We reported successful treatment for inverted maxillary central incisor with proper eruption and normal root developement by forced eruption using removable appliance. But further observation will be required to evaluate the final root developement state and amount of keratinized attachment gingiva.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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• no.5
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• pp.83-107
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• 2007

The continuous struggle to establish virtual reality on the stage during the history of Western Theater has been centered upon the development of scenographic setting and devices. It began with the Classical Greek drama where the place of performance became separated from the place of the audience. These two places were united as the orchestra - the place of the Dionysiac festival in the earliest stage of the Greek theater. And the skene, once a storage building outside the theatrical area, became an essential factor of the scenic space to provide illusion of the other world where the actors dwell. As a natural consequence it followed the structural change of Roman theater where the stage became a high and wide platform and the skene converted into the permanent stone scaenae frons. Such a tradition of the Classical theater was revived in Italian Renaissance and Baroque theater, which succeeded Vitruvius' concept of scaenographia as well as the vestiges of Imperial Roman theater. The cases of Serlio, Palladio, and Andrea Pozzo reveal the way how Western theater conjured the fictional space by traditional representational scenery, including architectural background setting and painted devices. It resulted in the physical and emotional division of actors' space and audience's space. The rejection of representational scenery upon the stage by avant garde artists like Edward Gordon Craig in the early years of the twentieth century should be interpreted as an attempt to recover an emotional attachment of actors and the audience, which was the case of Greek antiquity. This new scenogrpahic endeavor in modern theater is to challenge the main purpose of traditional scaenae frons to establish the boundary of the illusional 'scene' of performance where the audience should remain as passive spectators, and instead, to try to unite the action of actors and the audience upon the stage as a 'place'.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.105-118
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• 2004

The four precious results are beard below after thorough study of Jeoneul(錢乙)'s descended piece and main citation reference from Song(宋) era. 1. Jeoneul(錢乙)'s historical period seems that he finished his life in the age of 82, from Cheonseong(天聖) 10years(Year 1032) to Jeonghwa(政和) 3years(Year 1113) in North Song(北宋) era. However, it also seems that his life terminated Seonhwa(宣和)元年in 1119. The title of "Soayakjeungjikgyeol(小兒藥證直訣)" was reflected in "Sagojeonseo(四庫全書)" as "Soayakjeungjikgyeol(小兒藥證直訣)", however according to various of previous descended references and citations indicate that "Soayakjeungjikgyeol(小兒藥證直訣)" is more appropriate than "Soayakjeungjikgyeol(小兒藥證直訣)". Furthermore, the name, Yeomhyochung(閻孝忠), who edited the reference "Soayakjeungjikgyeol(小兒藥證直訣)" was appeared as Yeomgyechung(閻孝忠) in many different old references. Thus, even though, Sagogoan(四庫館) and Juhakhae(周學海) looked as Yeomgyechung(閻孝忠), but it seems Yeomhyochung(閻孝忠) in "Songsa(宋史)" Yemunji(藝文志) is more authentic than others. 2. When first edition of "Soayakjeungjikgyeol(小兒藥證直訣)" was published, Yeomhyochung(閻孝忠)'s the first book of "Yeomssisoabangnon(閻氏小兒方論)" and the first chapter of Yugi's "Jeonjungyangjeon(錢仲陽傳)" were attached in one book. Not long after of the first edition, Donggeup(董汲)'s first book of "Soabanjinbigeupbangnon(小兒斑疹備急方論)" and Jeoneul(錢乙)'s additional attachment was added in prescription reference. Among these references which were published in Song era, the original copy which Jinsegeol(陳世傑) published in Chung era in Ganghi(康熙) 58years (Year 1719) was remained and the first edition that Yangsugyeong(楊守敬) collected in Japan was published in "(lbonbangseoji(日本訪書志)" called Seonhwabon(宣和本). 3. Ungjonglip(熊宗立)'s "LyujeungjuseokJeonssisoabanggyeol(類證注釋錢氏小兒方訣)", Seolgi(薛己)'s "Gyojeongjeonssisoayakjeungjikgyeol(校正錢氏小兒藥證直訣)" Muyeongjeon-Chuijinbon(武英殿聚珍本) were followed Yangsugyeong(楊守敬)'s called Seonhwabon(宣和本) theory, in addition Yubang(劉昉)'s "Yuyusinseo(幼幼新書)" and "Soayakjeungjikgyeol(小兒藥證直訣)" quoted from Chosun "Euibangyuchui(醫方類聚)" also followed Yangsugyeong(楊守敬)'s called Seonhwabon(宣和本) theory. On the other hand, Jinsegeol(陳世傑)'s Gisudangbon(起秀堂本) and reprinted Juhakhaebon(周學海本) belong to parts of Songbokganbon(宋復刊本). 4. In major references and citation materials descended from "Soayakjeungjikgyeol(小兒藥證直訣)", Yubang(劉昉)'s "Yuyusinseo(幼幼新書)" and "Soauisaengchongaminonbang(小兒衛生總微論方)" were cited in Song era and some related parts in "Yeongnakdaejeon(永樂大典)", "Soayakjeungjikgyeol(小兒藥證直訣)" related sections, Ungjonglip(熊宗立)'s reedited and annotated part of "Lyujeungjuseokjeonssisoabanggyeol(類證注釋錢氏小兒方訣)", Seolgi(薛己)'s proof reading and annotated "Gyojujeonssisoayakjeungjingyeol(校注錢氏小兒藥證直訣)", "Euibangyuchui(醫方類聚)"'s quotation. In Chung(淸)era, Jinsegeol(陳世傑)'s re-published reference, Gisudangbon(起秀堂本), which was simply printed in Song and proof read and republished Juhakhaebon(周學海本), Muyeongjeonchuijinbon(武英殿聚珍本) compiled from "Yeongnakdaejeon(永樂大典)", Yangsugyeong(楊守敬)'s "Jeonssisoayakjeungjikgyeol(錢氏小兒藥證直訣)" mentioned in "Ilbonbangseoji(日本訪書志)", Jangsui's annotation, "Soayakjeungjikgyeoljeonjeong(小兒藥證直訣箋正)" and Simgeumo(沈金鰲)'s "Yuguaseokmi(幼科釋謎)" which was applied Jeoneul(錢乙)'s theory and prescription.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 2016

Edentulous patients with severe alveolar bone resorption have trouble with using traditional complete denture. In order to overcome these problems, implant-retained overdenture was developed. SFI-bar$^{(R)}$ system can save time and cost compared to other existing bar systems which need complicated laboratory procedures because it can be adjusted directly in a patient's mouth. A 55-year-old male, who had experienced a fractured lower old implant-retained overdenture, wanted a durable and painless denture. The fractured Locator$^{(R)}$ attachments were removed and edentulous mandible was restored with SFI-bar$^{(R)}$. A 77-year-old female with a medical history of the Parkinson's disease and severely absorbed alveolar bone of mandible, wanted to wear a retentive mandibular denture without pain. After placing two implants in front of mental foramen, two adaptors were connected to two implants and a tube bar was connected to the adaptors. A female part fitted to the bar was attached to the new denture. These clinical reports describe two-implant-retained overdenture using the SFI-bar$^{(R)}$ system in mandibular edentulous patients. Since the patients were satisfied esthetically and functionally during 2 years' observation, we would like to report cases.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.36
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• pp.349-386
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• 2013

This research analyzes and evaluates The Korean Security Industry Law(TKSIL) putting the regulation of the present government about the private security industry. It nowadays becomes the important axis of the police services offered in the aspect of 'the national life safety' in connection with 'the materialization of society which is safe from the crime'. TKSIL is one of the national administration strategies which Park Gun-hye government aims on supervision policy. After seeking out the core values of the private security industrial policy which sets up in order to approach the national life safety which Park Gun-hye government aims, we make some assessments of this revised security industry law systematically. Particularly all keynote of policy about the private security of the police tried to be confirmed and the desirable direction of policy tries to be presented as to the security industry law application and real operation. In the site of organized civil complaint, the revised security industry law was revised as the direction which intensifies the administrative regulation as to the partial regulation such as it established the reason of the introduction of the arrangement license system. And grounds for disqualification of security instructor and guard, and rules of punishment is intensified order to intercept previously illegal and violent act of the security company etc. However it has the feature that it accomplishes 'the law principle(principle of statute)' the substantial portion through the effort of them changing a lot the content for the form of the law when being the clauses of the fundamental human rights limit, although it has been prescribed in "the security industry law enforcement ordinance" or "the security industry law enforced regulation". The security industry law revised this time brought from the change of the sharp policy through the revision of 17 clauses or new establishment. It can divide into 4 categorizes. (1) strictness of punishment in the site of organized civil complaint (2) Intensification of throwing out for the violation person in the private security business market time-limitedly (3) Intensification of the legal guide supervision power of police (4) upstream of the capital, name tag attachment under compulsion and the limit about other equipment use etc. Essentially "the security industry law" cannot help regulating the national interference of the private security and regulation with this content. However as to this interference and regulation, the limit has to be possible within reasonable range. As the history proved, excessive regulation by the country is not only due to bring the distortion of the security system of nation but also provoke national social cost. It can't be disregards ever that it premises the harmony which appropriate as well as reasonable in the socio-economic dimension for drawing the best combination that all things which get the compulsory education, it limits the person providing the private security service to the corporation, or it limits to the certificate of qualification holder are the ultimate for 'the safety of the national life'.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.30
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• pp.21-52
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• 2009

This study observed what roles and identity the Taoist Hermits have when they appear in Korean Verse, SiJo, which was preoccupied by the illustrious-officials in Choseon Dynasty. This study has found that languages of Taoist Hermit frequently appear in SiJo, through the historical study documents focusing on only the mountain wizards in terma of the genre, SiJo. Of those terms used by Taoist Hermit, most prominent was 'JeokSongJa', which was expressed as that sought by the illustrious-officials-they were using the sentence, 'I will follow JeokSongJa' to the extent that it is an idiom. This suggests that the illustrious officials in ChoSeon Dynasty meant if one was going to be entitled to become a Taoist Hermit, he should seek 'JeokSongJa' first. We can see those illustrious officials were using the words with a ideological tone, affected by then 'JangRyang' or 'BeomRyo' who were devoting themselves to finding 'JeokSongJa' with a belief that they could become a Taoist Hermit and live forever, which had been handed down as a legend or a myth. Meanwhile, Li Po is a profile who can not considered, separately in the history of Korean Literature. Li Po recited poems, as a great poet and a hard drinker, who were incited in SiJo of those illustrious officials as a intimate person. In contrast, among those who were accepted as a negative profile, were a Chinese Emperor JinSi and HanMuje. These two emperors, who were looking for a herb of eternal youth and Mt. BongRae, figures who had lost their positions in the real political circle. In addition, they couldn't make their dreams to get perennial youth and long life come true, which stimulated the illustrious officials of that time to recite those poems indicating there is no ideal Utopia so it's better be satisfied with the reality living up to the realistic idea of Confucianism. In this sense, those two emperors are negative. There are also women Taoist Hermits present in SiJo, including MaGo nymphs, SeoWangMo, MuSanShinNyo, and Hang-A. MaGo nymphs were grandmothers who superintend the longevity, often incited as a beautiful woman; SeoWangMo was a Toast Hermit who had an elixir of life; MuSanShinNyo is a beautiful woman who was representing the attachment of cloud friendship; and Hang-A is expressed as a goddess who betrayed her husband and as a result staying lonely in the moon palace. These women goddesses were characterized by their beautiful appearances, generous and delicate personalities. widely incited in romantic poems.