• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.92-111
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• 2011

This study focus on the restoration stone selection of break-out part based on material characteristics analysis and the conservational safety diagnosis using various nondestructive techniques for Jungdong and Banjukdong Stone Auariums. As a result, the original rocks of the stone aquariums body are porphyritic granodiorite with magnetite-series having igneous lineation, microcline phenocryst, veinlet and basic xenolith. As a result of the provenance presumption of the host rock, a rock around Gamgokri area in Nonsan City was identified the genetically same rock. Therefore, the rock is appropriate for restoration materials of the break-out part. The deterioration assessment showed that the stone aquariums were highly serious scaling, scale off and blackening. Particularly, the front face of Banjukdong stone aquarium needs reinforcement of structural crack (760mm) caused from igneous lineation of biotite. Blackening contaminants on the stone aquariums surface occurred by combining iron oxide, manganese oxide and clay mineral. Also, major factors of efflorescence contaminants were identified as calcite (Jungdong stone aquariums) and gypsum (Banjukdong stone aquariums). The physical characteristics of stone aquariums appeared that the original and new stone is third (moderately weathered) and second grade (slightly weathered), respectively. This study sets up an integrated conservation system from material analysis to restoration stone selection and conservational safety diagnosis of Jungdong and Banjukdong stone aquariums.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2019

Stress is accompanied by changes in the responses of the autonomic nervous system, and the heart rate variability (HRV) index is a quantitative marker that reflects autonomic responses induced by stressors. In this study, we observed changes in the autonomic responses induced by combinations of 30% oxygen administration and color light for stress relaxation. In all, 42 participants produced stress symptoms over the preceding two weeks, as rated on the stress response scale. After stress assessment, they were exposed to three therapeutic conditions, and electrocardiogram (ECG) signals were recorded before, during, and after therapy. The three therapy conditions consisted of only 30% oxygen administration with white light, a combination of 30% oxygen and orange light, and a combination of 30% oxygen and blue light. The HRV indices extracted from ECG signals were heart rate (HR), the standard deviation of the RR interval (SDNN), the mean square root of consecutive RR interval difference values (RMSSD), the low frequency component of HRV (LF), the high frequency component (HF), and the LF/HF ratio. These indicators were used to compare mean values before and after therapy. The results showed that HR and the LF/HF ratio were significantly lower after therapy than before it. In particular, the condition with 30% oxygen and blue light yielded significantly greater RMSSD and HF increases, as well as decreases in LF/HF ratio than in other two conditions. Our results suggest that therapy with 30% oxygen and blue light is the most effective for the relaxation of stress, which implies autonomic balance by parasympathetic activation.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.210-219
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate if double inversion recovery (DIR) imaging can have a role in the evaluation of brain ischemia, compared with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging. Materials and Methods: Sixty-seven patients within 48 hours of onset, underwent MRI scans with FLAIR, DWI with b-value of 0 (B0) and $1000s/mm^2$, and DIR sequences. Patients were categorized into four groups: within three hours, three to six hours, six to 24 hours, and 24 to 48 hours after onset. Lesion-to-normal ratio (LNR) value was calculated and compared among all sequences within each group, by the Friedman test and conducted among all groups, for each sequence by the Kruskal-Wallis test. In qualitative assessment, signal intensity changes of DIR, B0, and FLAIR based on similarity with DWI and image quality of each sequence, were graded on a 3-point scale, respectively. Scores for detectability of lesions were compared by the McNemar's test. Results: LNR values from DWI were higher than DIR, but not statistically significant in all groups (P > 0.05). LNR values of DIR were significantly higher than FLAIR within 24 hours of onset (P < 0.05). LNR values were significantly different between, before, and after six hours onset time for DIR (P = 0.016), B0 (P = 0.008), and FLAIR (P = 0.018) but not for DWI (P = 0.051). Qualitative analysis demonstrated that detectability of DIR was higher, compared to that of FLAIR within 4.5 hours and six hours of onset (P < 0.05). Also, the DWI quality score was lower than that of DIR, particularly relative to infratentorial lesions. Conclusion: DIR provides higher detectability of hyperacute brain ischemia than B0 and FLAIR, and does not suffer from susceptibility artifact, unlike DWI. So, DIR can be used to replace evaluation of the FLAIR-DWI mismatch.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.617-626
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• 2019

This study analyzes the optimal location of gas detectors through the gas dispersion in a cargo compressor room of a 174K LNG carrier equipped with high-pressure cargo handling equipment; in addition, we propose a reasonable method for determining the safety regulations specified in the new International Code of the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk (IGC). To conduct an LNG gas dispersion simulation in the cargo compressor room-equipped with an ME-GI engine-of a 174 K LNG carrier, the geometry of the room as well as the equipment and piping, are designed using the same 3D size at a 1-to-1 scale. Scenarios for a gas leak were examined under high pressure of 305 bar and low pressure of 1 bar. The pinhole sizes for high pressure are 4.5, 5.0, and 5.6mm, and for low pressure are 100 and 140 mm. The results demonstrate that the cargo compressor room will not pose a serious risk with respect to the flammable gas concentration as verified by a ventilation assessment for a 5.6 mm pinhole for a high-pressure leak under gas rupture conditions, and a low-pressure leak of 100 and 140 mm with different pinhole sizes. However, it was confirmed that the actual location of the gas detection sensors in a cargo compressor room, according to the new IGC code, should be moved to other points, and an analysis of the virtual monitor points through a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.101-108
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• 2019

Objective : This study aimed to investigate the associations of anxiety symptoms with behavior and attention in elementary school children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods : A total of 195 elementary school children with ADHD participated in the study. The Korean Version of ADHD Rating Scale (K-ARS) and Behavior Assessment System for Children(BASC-2) were used to measure the children's behavior. Anxiety and attention was assessed with State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC) and ADHD Diagnostic System (ADS), respectively. Children with ADHD were categorized to two groups of ADHD with low anxiety (ADHD-LA) and ADHD with high anxiety (ADHD-HA) according to the total STAIC scores. Scores on K-ARS, BASC-2 and ADS were compared between two groups of ADHD-LA and ADHD-HA. Results : The Scores on K-ARS total and both subscales in ADHD-HA group were significantly higher than ADHD-LA group. Scores on the BASC-2 subscales including hyperactivity, aggression, conduct problem, anxiety, depression, somatization, withdrawal, attention problems were also significantly higher in ADHD-HA group compared to ADHD-LA group. In contrary, scores on ADS subscales were not significantly different between the both groups. Conclusion : Our study identified that the anxiety accompanied with ADHD was associated with the negative behavioral aspect in children with ADHD. However, the performances on attention task were not affected by the anxiety comorbid with ADHD. Future studies to reveal underlying mechanism are needed for further understanding the association with anxiety and ADHD.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.115-121
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• 2019

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate prevalence of psychiatric symptoms and determine predictors of emotional distress of military hospital surgical patients. Methods : This study examined 104 orthopedic patients admitted to the Armed Forces Military Hospital September-November 2018. For the study, every subject completed self-assessment inventories regarding depressive and anxiety symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), sleep problems (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), problematic alcohol and tobacco use (Cut off, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye-opener screening), and psychiatric history. We performed the Student's t-test and the chi-square test for the collected data to investigate the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms, including emotional distress. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the risk factors related to emotional distress of hospitalized military personnel. Results : There were no significant differences in socio-demographic and psychiatric symptoms between soldiers and officers. The prevalence of depressive and/or anxiety symptoms (emotional distress) was 21.2% (n=21). In the logistic regression analysis, psychiatric history [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR)=18.99 ; 95% Confidence Interval (CI)=1.42-253.57 ; p=0.026] and low military life satisfaction (AOR=15.67; 95% CI=1.46-168.11 ; p=0.023) correlated with emotional distress. Conclusion : Soldiers admitted to the military hospital showed similar prevalence of emotional distress as those at general hospitals. Considering military circumstances, it is necessary to detect and intervene regarding soldiers with a psychiatric history and low military life satisfaction to promote mental health at military hospitals.

• Journal of Korean Society of Neurocognitive Rehabilitation
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.45-52
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• 2018

The purpose of the present study was to determine correlations between the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Korean (MoCA-K) and Modified Barthel Index (MBI) targeting stroke patients, and it seeks to analyze the influence among each factor to establish the fundamental research in evaluating the functional performance capability of stroke patients. The study was conducted between December 2017 and March 2018 and the target of the study was 34 stroke patients who are hospitalized and treated in Y rehabilitation hospital located in Goyang city. Following in criteria of how participants were selected. First, a person without the onset of 6months or more. Second, a person who can communicate and score over 20 points on MMSE-K. Third, a person without unilateral neglect. Fourth, a person without lower motor neuron lesion and orthopedic disease on the bilateral lower extremity. Fifth, a person without audiovisual problem and history of using drug or surgery that influence athletic function. sixth, patients who agreed on participating in the study. The evaluation was processed by measuring BBS, MoCA-K, and MBI with the occupational therapist and physical therapist. Also, one assistant was participated in measuring balanced ability for the safety reason. It was found that significantly correlates (p<.01) with BBS and MoCA-K (r=.459), BBS and MBI (r=.550), MoCA-K and MBI (r=.565). This study is meaningful that it provided the basis for the active use of BBS, MoCA-K and MBI as a clinical evaluation tool and its usefulness.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.203-210
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• 2021

Bertolotti's syndrome is a rare spinal disease and it is known to cause low back pain due to a lumbosacral transitional vertebra. There has been rare study of Bertolotti's syndrome. This study reports the effects of Korean medicine treatment on the patient who was diagnosed on Bertolotti's syndrome. The patient was treated with Korean medicine treatment including acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, herbal medicine, and Chuna manual therapy during 40 days. Numerical rating scale (NRS), Euroqol five dimension (EQ-5D) index, Oswestry disability index (ODI), lumbar range of motion were used for assessment. After treatment, low back pain NRS decreased from 3 to 2, and low limb pain NRS decreased from 5 to 2. EQ-5D index, ODI and lumbar range of motion also were improved. This study shows Korean medicine treatment can be an effective care for Bertolotti's syndrome.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.769-781
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• 2019

Dynamic displacement response of civil structures is an important index for in-construction and in-service structural condition assessment. However, accurately measuring the displacement of large-scale civil structures such as high-rise buildings still remains as a challenging task. In order to cope with this problem, a vision-based system with the use of industrial digital camera and image processing has been developed for long-distance, remote, and real-time monitoring of dynamic displacement of supertall structures. Instead of acquiring image signals, the proposed system traces only the coordinates of the target points, therefore enabling real-time monitoring and display of displacement responses in a relatively high sampling rate. This study addresses the in-situ experimental verification of the developed vision-based system on the Canton Tower of 600 m high. To facilitate the verification, a GPS system is used to calibrate/verify the structural displacement responses measured by the vision-based system. Meanwhile, an accelerometer deployed in the vicinity of the target point also provides frequency-domain information for comparison. Special attention has been given on understanding the influence of the surrounding light on the monitoring results. For this purpose, the experimental tests are conducted in daytime and nighttime through placing the vision-based system outside the tower (in a brilliant environment) and inside the tower (in a dark environment), respectively. The results indicate that the displacement response time histories monitored by the vision-based system not only match well with those acquired by the GPS receiver, but also have higher fidelity and are less noise-corrupted. In addition, the low-order modal frequencies of the building identified with use of the data obtained from the vision-based system are all in good agreement with those obtained from the accelerometer, the GPS receiver and an elaborate finite element model. Especially, the vision-based system placed at the bottom of the enclosed elevator shaft offers better monitoring data compared with the system placed outside the tower. Based on a wavelet filtering technique, the displacement response time histories obtained by the vision-based system are easily decomposed into two parts: a quasi-static ingredient primarily resulting from temperature variation and a dynamic component mainly caused by fluctuating wind load.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.69-76
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• 2021

This study is to identify the mineralogical properties of caprock samples from drilling cores of the Pohang basin, which is the research area for the demonstration-scale CO2 storage project in Korea. The interaction of water-rock-gas that can occur due to CO2 injection was identified using geochemical modeling. Results of mineralogical studies, together with petrographic data of caprock and data on the physicochemical parameters of pore water were used for geochemical modeling. Modelling was carried out using the The Geochemist's Workbench 14.0.1 geochemical simulator. Two steps of modeling enabled prediction of immediate changes in the caprocks impacted by the first stage of CO2 injection and the assessment of long-term effects of sequestration. Results of minerlaogical analysis showed that the caprock samples are mainly composed of quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase and a small amount of pyrite, calcite, kaolinite and montmollonite. After the injection of carbon dioxide, the porosity of the caprock increased due to the dissolution of calcite, and dawsonite and chalcedony were precipitated as a result of the dissolution of albite and k-feldspar. In the second step after the injection was completed, the precipitation of dawsonite and chalcedony occurred as a result of dissolution of calcite and albite, and the pH was increased due to this reaction. Results of these studies are expected to be used as data to quantitatively evaluate the efficiency of mineral trapping capture in long-term storage of carbon dioxide.