• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.449-453
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• 1993

A 64-year-old male was admitted due to abruptly developed, severe dyspnea via local clinic. He had been a heavy smoker and alcoholic for a long time. Chest PA showed huge haziness in right upper lung field. Sputum culture for bacteriology was positive for Klebsiella pneumoniae. Immediately, appropriate antibiotics were administered and artificial ventilation was started. On 40th hospital day, simple chest roentgenogram taken due to sudden aggravated dyspnea showed marked hyperlucency in right upper lung field, suggestive of rupture of abscess cavity and resultant pneumothorax. At that time, chest tube was inserted but air leakage from the chest tube persisted. Chest CT scan taken after chest tube insertion showed the tube inserted into a thin-walled cavity in the above lesion. on 84th hospital day, right upper lobectomy with decortication was performed. Pathologically, cavittary lung abscess was diagnosed on the findings of partial re-epithelialization of ciliated columnar epithelium with severe pulmonary vascular occlusion and extensive fibrous pleural adhesions.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.539-546
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• 2006

The Air Quality Sensor(AQS), located near the fresh air inlet, serves to reduce the amount of pollution entering the vehicle cabin through the HVAC(heating, ventilating, and air conditioning) system by sending a signal to close the fresh air inlet door/ventilation flap when the vehicle enters a high pollution area. The sensor module which includes two independent sensing elements for responding to diesel and gasoline exhaust gases, and temperature sensor and humidity sensor was designed for intelligent AQS in automobile. With this sensor module, AVR microcontroller was designed with back propagation neural network to a powerful gas/vapor pattern recognition when the motor vehicles pass a pollution area. Momentum back propagation algorithm was used in this study instead of normal backpropagation to reduce the teaming time of neural network. The signal from neural network was modified to control the inlet of automobile and display the result or alarm the situation in this study. One chip microcontroller, ATmega 128L(ATmega Ltd., USA) was used for the control and display. And our developed system can intelligently reduce the malfunction of AQS from the dampness of air or dense fog with the backpropagation neural network and the input sensor module with four sensing elements such as reducing gas sensing element, oxidizing gas sensing element, temperature sensing element and humidity sensing element.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.59-68
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• 1997

This study is intended to review the Nucleus System of standard hospitals in U.K. The research is focused on the theoretical background, contents of Nucleus System, and the operational problems through the survey of sample hospitals. The contents of research include the development history of standardization, outlines, aimes, advantages, the data of Nucleus system, and the study-visits of sample hospitals. The conclusion could be summarized as follows ; 1) The form of standard hospitals is compact and low-rise the major movements are horizontal. The standard plans of the functional dpartments are unified as cruciform with $15m{\times}15m$ module. 2) The Nulceus System has been developed. The hospitals have 3 stories maximum and courtyards for natural light & ventilation. 3) The advantages of Nucleus System includes reduction of design & construction period, the buildability due to the repetitive construction, and the running cost. And the disadvantages are mentioned as the lack of storage, staff accomodation, pantry, and sanitary facilities. 4) Sample hospitals provide human scale, possibilities of growth & change, and curing environment from art decoration & artificial lake. 5) In case of Korean situation, even the minimum standardization such as hospital design guidelines should be developed in near future.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.325-331
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• 2022

Postoperative critical care management for lung transplant recipients in the intensive care unit (ICU) has expanded in recent years due to its complexity and impact on clinical outcomes. The practical aspects of post-transplant critical care management, especially regarding ventilation and hemodynamic management during the early postoperative period in the ICU, are discussed in this brief review. Monitoring in the ICU provides information on the patient's clinical status, diagnostic assessment of complications, and future management plans since lung transplantation involves unique pathophysiological conditions and risk factors for complications. After lung transplantation, the grafts should be appropriately ventilated with lung protective strategies to prevent ventilator-induced lung injury, as well as to promote graft function and maintain adequate gas exchange. Hypotension and varying degrees of pulmonary edema are common in the immediate postoperative lung transplantation setting. Ventricular dysfunction in lung transplant recipients should also be considered. Therefore, adequate volume and hemodynamic management with vasoactive agents based on their physiological effects and patient response are critical in the early postoperative lung transplantation period. Integrated management provided by a professional multidisciplinary team is essential for the critical care management of lung transplant recipients in the ICU.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.390-406
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• 2022

This study aims to establish the optimal environmental conditions for storing textile products. Four textile products (cotton, wool, nylon, cotton/polyurethane) were used to produce experimental fabrics according to artificial contamination and washing conditions. Each fabric was subjected to three environmental conditions (A: 20-25℃/20% RH, B: 20-25℃/50% RH, C: 30-35℃/65% RH) for 4-12 weeks. Changes in textile characteristics include tensile strength, wrinkle recovery rate, and odor intensity. Results show that the change in tensile strength for the four test fabrics slightly decreased with a storage time of 4 to 12 weeks. The wrinkle recovery rate of the fabrics was the lowest under the C condition. UV exposure causes a substantial decrease in the tensile strength of the textiles. The change in odor characteristics was the highest for the odor intensity in the C condition. For storing textile products for sustainable management, it is desirable to maintain a temperature of 20 to 25℃ with a relative humidity of 50% RH or less and to provide ventilation in an enclosed storage space that can also block UV rays.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.433-446
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• 2022

Despite efforts to reduce unexpected accidents at confined construction sites, choking accidents continue to occur. Because of the poorly ventilated atmosphere, particularly in long, confined underground spaces, workers are subject to dangerous working conditions despite the use of artificial ventilation. Moreover, the traditional monitoring methods of using portable gas detectors place safety inspectors in direct contact with hazardous conditions. In this study, a long-range (LoRa)-based wireless safety monitoring system that features the network organization, fault-tolerant, power management, and a graphical user interface (GUI) was developed for underground construction sites. The LoRa wireless data communication system was adopted to detect hazardous gases and oxygen deficiency within a confined underground space with adjustable communication range and low power consumption. Fault tolerance based on the mapping information of the entire wireless sensor network was particularly implemented to ensure the reliable operation of the monitoring system. Moreover, a sleep mode was implemented for the efficient power management. The GUI was also developed to control the entire safety-monitoring system and to manage the measured data. The developed safety-monitoring system was validated in an indoor testing and at two full-scale water pipeline construction sites.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.803-808
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• 1997

저자들은 1989년 8월부터 1995년 8월까지 흉부외상으로 인한 다발성 늑골골절 및 유동흉이 발생한 105례의 환자에게 Judet's strut를 이용한 늑골고정술로 치험하였다. 전체 환자중 86명이 남성, 19명이 여성이었으며 연령분포는 17세부터 77세로 평균연령은 $48\pm12였다.$ 흉부외상의 원인은 교통사고가 85명(81%)으로 가장 많았다. 평균 늑골골절의 수는 5.5개였으며 환자는 유동흉환자가 72명(64%), 이탈이 심한 다발성 늑골골절이 18명(17.1%), 외상성 흉벽기형이 10명(9.5%), 기타 5명(4.7%) 등이었다. 수술 후 1명이 사망하여 사망율 0.96%를 보였고 총 13명의 환자에서 합병증이 발생하여 12.3%의 발생율을 보였다. 수술후 인공호흡기 치료기간은 평균 $90.5\pm22.6시간,$ 동맥혈 검사상 PO2는 수술전 평균 $62.8\pm9.mmHg에서$ 수술후 평균 $113.0\pm26.3mmHg로$ 개선되었다. 수술 결과 인공호흡기 치료기간 및 입원기간의 단축, 흉부손상에 의한 합병증의 감소등 기존의 치료 방법에 비해 우수함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 본 술식은 누구나 시행할 수 있으며, 향후 흉부손상에 의한 다발성 늑골골절 및 유동흉 환자에서 폐좌상의 정도가 전체 용적의 30% 미만의 경우 치료 \ulcorner일차적으로 고려되어질 수 있는 치료법으로 여겨진다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.523-531
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• 2004

연구배경 : 최근 기계환기 중 기관지내시경술의 필요성이 증가하고 있으나, 시술 중 생리학적 변화나 안전성에 대한 연구가 부족한 상황이다. 이에 연구자들은 PEEP을 시술전과 동일하게 유지하면서 기관지내시경술을 시행하여 생리학적 변화 및 안전성에 대해 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 2002년 6월부터 2002년 11월까지 삼성서울병원 내과계 중환자실에서 기계환기를 하면서 기관지내시경술을 시행했던 19명의 환자(남자 10명 여자 9명, 연령 중앙값 61.6세)를 대상으로 하였다. 기관지내시경술을 시행하기 전 100% 산소로 15분간 전산 소요법을 시켰으며 기관지내시경 시술 중 기계환기는 용적조절양식으로, 일회환기량 4 ml/kg, 호흡수 20회/분, 흡기 대 호기비 1:2로 환기하였으며 PEEP은 시술전과 동일하게 유지하였다. 시행 후 30분간 100% 산소를 유지하였다. 결 과 : 기관지내시경술 시행시간의 중앙값은 6분(범위 3-15분)이었다. 기관지내시경술을 시행하면서 호흡성 산증과 저환기, 최고기도압의 상승, 심박수의 증가, auto-PEEP의 발생을 보였다. 이들 변화는 기관지내시경 시술 후에 시술 이전의 상태로 되었다. 압력손상 및 혈압 감소 등의 심각한 합병증은 관찰되지 않았다 결 론 : 심각한 저산소증으로 높은 PEEP을 유지하고 있는 환자에게서 PEEP을 유지한 채로 기관지내시경술을 시행하여도 심각한 합병증은 관찰되지 않았다. 다만, 기관지내시경을 시행하는 동안 호흡성 산증 및 저환기를 보였고, 비록 가역적이지만 이러한 상태에서 환자의 노출을 최소화하기 위해서는 기관지내시경 시행시간을 최소화하여야 한다고 사료된다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.367-371
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• 2008

목 적 : 폐표면활성제의 비활성화는 태변 흡인 증후군의 중요한 기전으로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 중증 태변 흡인 증후군에서 인공 폐표면활성제 세정요법의 효과를 연구하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2005년 3월부터 2007년 8월까지 연세대학교 의과대학 영동세브란스병원 신생아 중환자실에 중증 태변 흡인 증후군으로 입원한 만삭아 15명 중 본 기관에서 인공 폐표면활성제 세정요법을 시행한 이후인 2006년 12월부터 2007년 8월까지 입원하여 태변 흡인 증후군을 진단 받고 oxygen index가 15 이상 혹은 평균 기도압이 $12cmH_2O$ 이상인 환아 7명을 대상으로 20 mL/kg 의 희석 된 인공 폐표면활성제($Newfactan^{(R)}$)로 세정요법을 시행하였다. 동일한 선별기준에 따라 2005년 3월부터 2006년 11월까지 입원하여 보존적 치료를 시행한 환아를 후향적으로 조사하여 8명의 대조군으로 정하였다. 결 과 : 세정요법 군은 특이 이상 반응 없이 안전하게 세정요법을 시행받았으며, 치료 6시간 후부터 방사선학적인 호전을 보였다. 세정요법 시행 6시간 후 oxygen index, ventilation index는 대조군에 비해 유의하게 감소하였으며, 평균 호흡기 사용시간, 평균 재원기간에 있어 대조군에 비해 유의한 감소를 보였다. 두 군간에 합병증이나 치사율에 차이는 보이지 않았다. 결 론 : 본 연구에서 희석된 폐표면활성제로 세정요법을 시행한 환아들이 조기에 산소화가 향상되고 기계환기의 기간을 줄일 수 있음이 확인되어 중증 태변 흡인 증후군의 치료로서 폐 표면활성제 세정 요법은 안전하고 효과적으로 독성물질을 제거할 수 있으며 폐표면활성제가 작용할 수 있는 방법으로 여겨진다. 향후 대규모의 다기관 임상연구가 필요하리라 생각된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.96-101
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• 2005

There were two trials involved in the experiment. Trial 1: the trial was conducted on two Taiwan Sugar Corporation (TSC) pig farms. One was located in the north of Taiwan and the other was located in the south. Both farms had wet pad and forced ventilation (WPFV) and conventional open design (COD) boar and sow houses. There were 12 Duroc boars, age ranging from 12-24 months. Half of them (6 boars) were raised in a WPFV pig house, and the other half were kept in a COD house. Semen was collected at 5-day intervals from May $1^{st}$ to the end of October. Sixteen sows (2-8 parity) were served by artificial insemination each week from the beginning of May to the end of Oct. These sows were checked for heat from 18 days to 25 days after insemination. Trial 2: there were four MPFV boar houses involved in the test. Two houses were located in the north of Taiwan, and the other two houses were located in the south. The test was conducted from January 2000 to December 2001. The total number of serviced sows by MPFV-housed boars was 35,105 head and for COD-housed boars 103,065 head. The results showed that the total semen volume, density of sperm, total sperm per ejaculate, sperm motility and morphological abnormality were significantly better (p<0.01) for boar raised in WPFV house than for COD houses. Average sperm motility in June and July was lower than for the other months. Morphological abnormality was higher during May, June and July. Although the results did not reach a significant level, the average value showed that the total volume of boar semen was higher in the north than for the south. The total semen volume production of boar raised in WPFV was higher than for boars raised in COD house, reaching a significant level only in summer. Boars kept in WPFV house had higher total sperm number than boars kept in COD house, reaching a significant level in spring (p<0.05), summer (p<0.01), and fall (p<0.05) but not in winter (p>0.05). Boars raised in WPFV house had significantly higher sperm motility than boars in COD house during spring (p<0.001), summer (p<0.001), fall (p<0.01) and winter (p<0.05). The average farrowing rate and piglets born alive were higher for boars in WPFV house than for boars in COD house, but neither reached a significant level (p>0.05). The present experiment shows that WPFV house can improve the reproduction performance of boars.