• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.273-276
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• 1992

Armillaria mellea mushrooms were cultivated on the sawdust media, Quercus sawdust; rice bran=80:20 in polypropylene bags. The isolate of Armillaria mellea used was ARM69002F collected from a Korean pine plantation in Hongcheon district. The length of time between spawning and fruiting was required for 90 to 100 days. The number of fruiting bodies produced in a bags with a kg substrate were approxinately 31 (range of 18 to 62), and the total fresh weight 158g (61 to 207g), converted to 13 to 15% of fresh weight. The pilei of fruiting bodies were average 4.0 cm (2.5 to 7.6 cm)wide, and their stipes 8.2 cm long and 0.6 cm-thick at the upper part and 1.2 cm at the base.

• ALGAE
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.355-360
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• 2003

A Gram (-), rod-shaped bacterium in size of 1.6-2.8 $\times$ 0.4 μm was isolated from a eutrophic reservoir, which exhibited growth-inhibiting effect against a bluegreen alga (Anabaena cylindrica). This isolate showed positive reactions for catalase and oxidase, and optimal conditions of 35-40°C and pH 9.0. This isolate was designated AC-1 in this manuscript. In a mixed-culture of A. cylindrica and AC-1, their growth patterns were inversely correlated and the bluegreen algal vegetative cells completely disappeared within 24-36 hours. AC-1 showed similar lytic activity in natural water as in an artificial medium. The lytic activity of AC-1 was dependent on the photosynthetic activity of A. cylindrica. When observed under phase contrast microscope, the isolate lysed vegetative cells of A. cylindrica in scattered state in a liquid medium, whereas heterocysts have not been lysed.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.77-94
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• 2006

Case-based Reasoning (CBR) is widely used in business and industry prediction. It is suitable to solve complex and unstructured business problems. Recently, the prediction accuracy of CBR has been enhanced by not only various machine learning algorithms such as genetic algorithms, relative weighting of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) input variable but also data mining technique such as feature selection, feature weighting, feature transformation, and instance selection As a result, CBR is even more widely used today in business area. In this study, we investigated the usefulness of the CBR method in forecasting success in implementing ERP systems. We used a CBR method based on the feature weighting technique to compare the performance of three different models : MDA (Multiple Discriminant Analysis), GECBR (GEneral CBR), FWCBR (CBR with Feature Weighting supported by Analytic Hierarchy Process). The study suggests that the FWCBR approach is a promising method for forecasting of successful ERP implementation in Small and Medium sized Enterprises.

• Mycobiology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.103-108
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• 2009

The principal objective of this study was to acquire basic data regarding the mycelial growth characteristics for the artificial cultivation of Coprinus comatus. 12 URP primers were employed to evaluate the genetic relationships of C. comatus, and the results were divided into three groups. Among six kinds of mushroom media, MYP medium was selected as the most favorable culture medium for C. comatus. The optimal temperature and pH ranges for the mycelial growth of C. comatus were $23{\sim}26^{\circ}C$ and pH 6${\sim}$8, respectively. The carbon and nitrogen sources for optimal mycelial growth were sucrose and tryptone, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.106-110
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• 1998

The present study has been undertake to obtain the fundatmental data of optimum germination condition and to establish storage time for artificial pollinationin Codonopsis lancelata pollen. In vitro condition for germination of freshly collected and stored pollen were examined. The optium temperature for germination of fresh pollen was $25^{\circ}C$. The optium sucrose concentration in the medium ranged from 30 to 40 % and optium pH 6.0% for pollen germination. The rate of pollen germination accelerated considerably in the medium with 1% agar. 30% sucrose, and pH 6. C. lanceolata pollen remained viable for 15 days when stored at 5$^{\circ}C$ with silica gel as desiccant.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.75-93
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze each government's ICT SME support policies to cope with changes in the ICT ecosystem paradigm. In particular, the core policies and policy trends of the Moon's government are presented through keyword network analysis and cognitive map analysis. As a result, core technologies such as ICT(Information Communication Technology), AI(Artificial Intelligence), Big Data, and 5G, which have high values of betweenness centrality and closeness centrality, are major keywords with high propagation power. The cognitive map analysis shows that the opportunity factors for the 4th industrial revolution are being activated through the ICT infrastructure circulation process, the domestic market circulation process, and the global market circulation process. This study is meaningful in terms of cognitive map analysis and utilization based on scientific analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 1997

It is not clearly known how surface defects or inclusions of a medium carbon steel affect a fatigue strength. In this study, we used SM35C specimens with spheroidized cementite structure to eliminate dependence of micro structure of fatigue crack. The investigation was carried out by behavior of crack closure at non-propagation crack and effect of the fatigue limit according to the artificial defects size. Experimental findings are obtained as follows : (1) Fatigue crack initiation point of medium carbon steel with spheroidized cementite structure is at the surface defects. (2) Non-propagating crack length of smooth specimen is equal to the critical size of defect. (3) Considering the opening and closure behavior of fatigue crack, the defect shape results in various crack opening displacement, while it does not affects the fatigue limit level of medium carbon steel with spheroidized cementite structure. (4) The critical length of the non-propagation crack of smooth specimen is the same as critical size of defect in transient area which determines threshold condition in steel with spheroidized cementite structure.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.133-136
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• 1999

Different kinds of cytokinins and auxins were tested for both shoot induction and rooting in a rare species, Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai. BA in WPM medium was the most effective in shoot induction, whereas zeatin seemed to be the most suitable for shoot elongation. Kinetin, at the concentration of 2.0~5.0 mg/L showed an effect in shoot induction, but the effect was inferior to BA and zeatin. Rapid shoot elongation could be achieved when the cultures were maintained on the diffuse light condition (below 500 lux) regardless of cytokinin treatments. For in vitro rooting, IBA was investigated as the best type of auxin tested when half strength GD medium was incorporated. The frequency of rooting using the plant growth regulator and medium just mentioned above was revealed as approximately 90%. In addition, the survival rate of rooted plantlets was almost 100% in an artificial soil mixture.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.251-257
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• 2009

Embryogenic callus was obtained from bulb segments of Iris pseudacorus on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) alone or in combination with kinetin. When early globular somatic embryos were subcultured onto MS medium with $4.52{\mu}M$ 2,4-D, high frequency of somatic embryogenesis was obtained. Deprivation of 2,4-D was required for maturation. Mature somatic embryos had an elongated scutellum with a notch on the base of scutellum. Separation of embryos from embryo clusters was necessary to enhance the frequency of germination. Germination was stimulated by separation of embryos from embryo clusters and transfer onto fresh half-strength MS medium with 3% sucrose. After acclimation in artificial soil in greenhouse for 2 months, 96.4% of plantlets survived.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.479-488
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• 2022

To account for the internal thermal effects of solid-state lasers, a method using a back propagation (BP) neural network integrated with a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is developed, which is a new wavefront distortion correction technique. In particular, by using a slab laser model, a series of fiber pumped sources are employed to form a controlled array to pump the gain medium, allowing the internal temperature field of the gain medium to be designed by altering the power of each pump source. Furthermore, the BP artificial neural network is employed to construct a nonlinear mapping relationship between the power matrix of the pump array and the thermally induced wavefront aberration. Lastly, the suppression of thermally induced wavefront distortion can be achieved by changing the power matrix of the pump array and obtaining the optimal pump light intensity distribution combined using the PSO algorithm. The minimal beam quality β can be obtained by optimally distributing the pumping light. Compared with the method of designing uniform pumping light into the gain medium, the theoretically computed single pass beam quality β value is optimized from 5.34 to 1.28. In this numerical analysis, experiments are conducted to validate the relationship between the thermally generated wavefront and certain pumping light distributions.