• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2007년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2007
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• pp.616-619
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• 2007

Nowadays, urbanized area expands its boundary, and distribution of urbanized area is gradually transformed into more complicated pattern. In Korea, SMA(Seoul Metropolitan Area) has outstanding urbanized area since 1950s. But it is ambiguous whether urban distribution is clustered or dispersed. This study aims to show the way in which expansion of urbanized area impacts on spatial distribution pattern of urbanized area. We use quadrat analysis, nearest-neighbor analysis and fractal analysis to know distribution pattern of urbanized area in time-series urban growth. The quadrat analysis indicates that distribution pattern of urbanized area is clustered but the cohesion is gradually weakened. And the nearest-neighbor analysis shows that point patterns are changed that urbanized area distribution pattern is progressively changed from clustered pattern into dispersed pattern. The fractal dimension analysis shows that 1972's distribution dimension is 1.428 and 2000's dimension is 1.777. Therefore, as time goes by, the complexity of urbanized area is more increased through the years. As a result, we can show that the cohesion of the urbanized area is weakened and complicated.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.126-131
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• 2014

In this paper, plant crops used in the region to grow crops for the LED lighting area of a rectangle to fit the light distribution to maximize the efficiency of a rectangular distribution was made of LED lights. After the fabrication of LED lamps, light distribution, and in the area of $1.2m{\times}3m$ was the analysis of Illuminance chart. As a result of examining the performance light distribution for total Emin/Eav is 56%, and the target area of the light distribution compared to normal lamps Emin/Eav is improved by about 17%. In addition, plants grown in the area to minimize the outgoing light distribution can be focused on the cultivation area, according to the distance of the plants and be able to have the best luminous efficacy is judged.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.484-490
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• 1997

Spatial distribution of urination by Japanese Black heifers and steers was investigated, and compared with the distribution of defecation. The animals grazed a bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum $Fl\ddot{u}gge$) pasture in the daytime, and spent the rest of the day in a barn. The distribution of urination to the pasture was greater than that expected from the proportion of time that the animals spent in the pasture. Correspondingly, the distribution was smaller in the barn. Such a distribution pattern of urination to the pasture and barn was similar to that of defecation, and affected by the intake of supplement on the previous day. The distribution of urination within the pasture, i.e. the distribution to the paddock, alley and resting area, was often uneven on an area basis. The animals often urinated sparsely in the alley and resting area, while they urinated in the paddock almost proportionally to its area. This was a clear contrast to the distribution pattern of defecation, which was sparse in the paddock and dense in the resting area. The degree of aggregation of urination in the paddock, alley and resting area varied with the meteorological factors and the intake of supplement.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.319-331
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• 2007

도시화 지역은 지역발전과 더불어 공간적 범위가 확대되고 있다. 수도권 역시 예외는 아니어서 1960년대 이후 우리나라의 경제개발을 주도하며 도시화 지역의 공간적 범위가 확대일로에 있다. 그러나 도시화 지역의 공간적 분포를 평가함에 있어 그 분포 양상이 집적형태인지 임의적 형태인지 아니면 분산된 형태인지는 정확히 판단하기 어렵다. 즉, 시기가 지남에 따라 도시화 지역이 확대되기는 하지만 정량적으로 그 분포를 판단하기란 쉽지 않다. 본 연구는 GIS의 통계적 분석 기법을 이용하여 도시화 지역의 확대와 성장이 도시화 지역의 분포 패턴에 어떠한 영향을 주었는지를 살펴보고자 하는 것이다. 시계열적 도시성장 과정에서 수도권 내 도시화 지역의 분포패턴을 파악하고자 래스터 기반의 GIS 분석방법, 방격 분석(quadrat analysis), 그리고 최근린 분석(nearest neighbor analysis)을 사용하였다. 실험 결과 수도권의 도시화 지역의 집적정도는 1980년대 초반까지는 증가하다가 그 후로는 약화되는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 1980년대 중반 이후 수도권 내에서는 외연적 성장이 약화되고 비지적 도시성장 또는 도로망과 연계한 소규모 개발이 증가함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.8-16
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• 2011

The objective of this study is to analyze the characteristic of thermal environment in the summer season by conducting the field observation of temperature, relative humidity, and globe temperature in some parts of the city. Observation point was divided to a densely populated area, a residential area, a green area, a waterfront green area and a suburban district by the distribution ratio of green area. In this study, the correlation between maximum temperature and globe temperature, study on index for intensity of the tropical night and the temperature distribution characteristic of measurement points by the distribution ratio of green area were analyzed. The results of this study are as follows. (1) The difference between temperature and globe temperature by the distribution ratio of green area is confirmed. The difference of nighttime is more clearly that of daytime. (2) The average temperature and globe temperature of the densely populated area($29.2^{\circ}C$, $33.7^{\circ}C$) are higher than that of the waterfront green area($27.9^{\circ}C$, $32.0^{\circ}C$) by $1.3^{\circ}C$ and $1.7^{\circ}C$, respectively. (3) The number of tropical nights has different days of tropical nights by the distribution ratio of green area of 17days for the Daegu weather station, 14days for adensely populated area, 14days for a residential area, 6days for a green area, 2days for a waterfront green area, and 2days for a suburban district. (4) The results of the slope of trend line for the effects of the temperature on globe temperature change and the intercept for the size of the impact of radiant energy gained around by the analysis of the correlation between the maximum temperature and globe temperature can be utilized objective evaluation index of the each point's artificial effects.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.95-106
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• 1984

유해금속에 의하여 발생될 수 있는 건강장애를 예방하기 위한 대책수립에 필수적인 기초자료를 얻을 목적으로 도시 및 농촌지역에 거주하는 $20{\sim}39$세 사이의 가임연령여성 140명을 대상으로 하여 혈중미량금속원소들의 함량을 원자흡광광도분석기로 측정하여 얻은 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 혈중 아연의 농도는 도시지역 $10.69{\pm}8.07{\mu}g/ml$, 농촌지역 $9.53{\pm}6.60{\mu}g/ml$였으며 그 농도별 도수분포 양상은 양자 모두 L형에 유사하였고 이들의 누적분포 양상은 2봉성을 나타내었다. 2. 혈중 철의 농도는 도시지역 $323.09{\pm}87.15{\mu}g/ml$, 농촌지역 $322.07{\pm}104.74{\mu}g/ml$였으며 그 농도별 도수분포양상은 양자 모두 정규분포에 가까운 형이었으나 이들의 누적도수분포양상은 도시지역은 1봉성, 농촌지역은 2봉성을 나타내었다. 3. 혈중 마그네슘의 농도는 도시지역 $41.08{\pm}19.58{\mu}g/ml$, 농촌지역 $40.28{\pm}16.82{\mu}g/ml$였으며 그 농도별 도수분포양상은 양자 모두 오른쪽으로 치우쳐진 분포형으로서 이들의 누적도수분포양상은 1봉형을 나타내었다. 4. 혈중 동의 농도는 도시지역 $1.417{\pm}0.761{\mu}g/ml$, 농촌지역 $1.375{\pm}0.743{\mu}g/ml$였으며 그 농도별 도수분포양상은 양자 모두 오른쪽으로 치우쳐진 분포형으로서 이들의 누적도수분포양상은 2봉성을 나타내었다. 5. 혈중 망간의 농도는 도시지역 $0.079{\pm}0.039{\mu}g/ml$, 농촌지역 $0.07{\pm}0.058{\mu}g/ml$였으며 그 농도별 도수분포양상은 양자 모두 오른쪽으로 치우쳐진 분포형이었으나 농촌지역은 다소 불규칙한 양상이었고 이들의 누적도수분포양상은 도시지역은 1봉성, 농촌지역은 2봉성을 나타내었다. 6. 혈중 카드뮴의 농도는 도시지역 $0.031{\pm}0.026{\mu}g/ml$, 농촌지역$0.028{\pm}0.023{\mu}g/ml$였으며 그 농도별 도수분포양상은 양자 모두 오른쪽으로 치우쳐진 분포형으로서 이들의 누적도수분포양상은 2봉성을 나타내었다.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.578-597
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• 2014

Understanding of 'spatial' pressure distribution is required to determine design loads on local structures, such as plating and framing. However, obtaining a practical 'spatial' pressure distribution is a hard task due to the sensitivity of the data acquisition frequency and resolution. High-resolution Pessure-Idicating Flm (PIF) was applied to obtain pressure distribution and pressure magnitude using stepped crushing method. Different types of PIF were stacked at each test to creating a pressure distribution plot at specific time steps. Two different concepts of plotting 'spatial' pressure-area curve was introduced and evaluated. Diverse unit pixel size was chosen to investigate the effect of the resolution in data analysis. Activated area was not significantly affected by unit pixel size; however, total force was highly sensitive.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2007

This study aims to discuss the location characteristics and present distribution of facilities in the rural community. The purpose of this study is to suggest the basic data of the planning of facilities corresponding to the living sphere in community. The circumstances, location and distribution of the rural area facilities was analyzed through field investigation and interview. lt is necessary for ameliorating the income of inhabitants and the status of living environment to make a general local plan in developing rural area. That will be a solution to tackle the decreasement of population in the rural area. The survey's result is observed different by the feature of rural area, adjacence with near rural center, scale of rural center. So a standard of the various facility's arrangement plan must be established, and it must be enlarged in rural area.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.748-757
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• 2004

In this study, we analyzed the sensitivity of parameters which affect the result of ILLUDAS model, in the various rainfall conditions. The three basins including Namgaja, Kings creek, Gray haven were selected for this research. The rainfall conditions are considered in terms of the rainfall frequency, the duration and the distribution. In most cases, the impermeability area ratio, the sewer slope, and the sewer roughness coefficient give more significant effects on the results than others. The results show that as increasing the rainfall frequency, the sensitivity of the parameters, sewer slope and roughness coefficient are rised, while the impermeability area ratio is decreasing. And also, for the duration of rainfall, the impermeability area ratio's sensitivity shows similar tendency. In case of the rainfall distribution, the parameters of the sewer roughness and the impermeability area ratio show more sensitive in Huff distribution. Especially, The impermeability area ratio is the most sensitive parameter in Central blocking and Yen & Chow distributions respectively.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.187-193
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• 1984

Meadow fescue품종(品種)을 공시(供試)하여 엽면적(葉面積)의 수직적분포(垂直的分布)와 건물수량(乾物收量)과의 관계(關係)를 검토(檢討)하였다. 1. 엽면적(葉面積)의 수직적분포(垂直的分布)로서 품종(品種)을 분류(分類)한 결과(結果), 최대엽면적(最大葉面積)이 하층부(下層部)에 분포(分布)되어 상층부(上層部)로 갈수록 엽량(葉量)이 적어지는 품종(品種)(M), 중간층(中間層)에 최대엽면적(最大葉面積)이 분포(分布)되어 상(上) 하층부(下層部)로 갈수록 엽량(葉量)이 감소(減少)되는 품종(品種)(Leto First, Bundy), 최대엽면적(最大葉面積)이 중간층(中間層)에 분포(分布)되어 있으나 상층부(上層部)에 엽량(葉量)이 대부분(大部分)이 집중분포(集中分布)된 품종(品種)(Tammisto) 및 하층부(下層部)에서 최대엽면적(最大葉面積)을 나타내나 전층(全層)에 엽량(葉量)이 비교적(比較的) 균등(均等)히 분포(分布)된 품종(品種)(Trader)의 4 가지 형(型)으로 분류(分類)되었다. 2. 유효엽면적지수는 건물수량(乾物收量), 엽면적지수(葉面積指數), 경중(莖重) 및 경면적지수(莖面積指數)와 유의(有意)한 정상관(正相關)을 나타 내었다. 3. 출수경(出穗莖)이 많은 품종(品種)의 유효엽면적은 상층부(上層部)에 분포(分布)되었으나 영양경(榮養莖)이 많은 품종(品種)은 유효엽면적지수의 비율(比率)이 높았다. 4. 최대엽면적(最大葉面積)을 나타내는 층(層) 이상(以上)에 분포(分布)된 엽면적(葉面積)과 엽면적중(葉面積重)의 관계(關係)는 M과 Trader가 유의(有意)한 부(負)의 상관(相關)이 인정(認定)되었으나 그 외의 품종(品種)에서는 유의(有意)한 상관(相關)이 인정(認定)되지 않았다.