• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2019년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.118-119
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• 2019

The exterior finish not only has a relationship to the functionality of building, but also the spatial aesthetics and visual perception. Common exterior finishes are wood, stone or acrylic based and etc. However, these finishes have different attributes which can alter the quality of the architecture, such as durability, moisture and fire resistance. To make up for the short-comings of these materials, we have used iron based resources for optimization. However, iron materials are expensive, so they have limitations in general use. In this study, we have experimented with various forms of exterior finishes using cement, which is the most efficient and widely used building material with several economic advantages. We experimented with different materials to use as the formwork for the gloss of the cement matrix. As a result, the gloss show that order of urethane, steel, and wood material.

• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2018

In this study, the moisture contents of four Hanoks have been monitored and the results were analyzed. Murujeong and Ongojae were built by traditional construction method and material, and Jeeshinjae and Hwakyeongdang were built by modernized construction method and material. Hwakyeongdang was monitored about 2 years and 9 months and the other three Hanoks were monitored about 4 years and 2 months. The surface moisture contents were measured by the non-destructive electronic resistant type moisture content meter. The measured moisture contents were affected by the orientation to the sun, wood type, temperature and relative humidity. The columns on the northern side and lumber showed more moisture contents than those of the southern side and glue-laminated wood. The moisture contents and relative humidity showed proportional relationship. The moisture contents of all four monitored Hanoks existed proper range by and large.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1997

This study aims to estimate the relative importance of quality management items through the defect analysis in the landscape construction process. The RIQMI are decided by the defect coefficient and it's cause weight. The defect items in the landscape construction process were classified by 56 items based on the classification form of '96 landscape architectural construction standard and the cause pattern were categorized 4 types as design, material, construction, and environment factors. To analyze the defect coefficient and the aucse weight by defect, the researcher surveyed the questionnaires on the 103 engineers and the 31 experts on the landscape architectural construction. The result of this study are as follows. The relative importance by facilities pattern turn out to be much higher construction, material fator than design. environment factor in wood facilities, paving facilities, and steel facilities, the RIQMI is very high in timber crack, timber vending, faulty of timber against decay, welding faulty of steel facilities in material factor, and timber crack, faulty of timber against decay, finish faulty of steel facilities, welding faulty of steel facilities in construction factor.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2004

Ecological architecture enables people to recycle and reuse architectural resources within the category of ecosystem and also to minimize the effect on environment in a whole process, including architectural planning, usage and exhaustion to use sustainable energies. Rammed earth wall construction method utilized in EcoCenter located in Crystalwaters ecological village in Austrailia is a good example, which maximizes its advantages and also covers its limits to use soil and wood as structural resources. In a case of wood, they used non-treated timber to minimize environmental load and utilized used materials in openings. In the roofs, aluminum coated steel which is plated with zinc collects rain effectively even though it is not regenerable. Nontoxic finishes and insulation in floor and ceiling with used papers are able to minimize its environmental load. Solar energy system applied in EcoCenter enables them to market extra energy with electricity companies as well as support needs of its own buildings to utilize photovoltaic panel system with PV panels. Passive solar system is planned effectively in heating and cooling to apply regenerative walls in a use of rammed earth wall construction and natural ventilation systems through openings.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2005년도 동계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.3-8
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• 2005

Building parts of Multi-Family Houses are consisted of several building material assembly. Therefore, after selecting building materials with test result of emission intensity and their feature, composed building materials are made equally with actual construction methods, and experimented emission intensity. 7 days after experiment, formaldehyde emission intensity appeared low in an order of Tile Wall, Wood Flooring, Wallpaper, Reum Flooring, Silk Wallpaper, and 20 days after experiment, TVOC emission intensity appeared low in an order of Tile Wall, Reum Flooring, Silk Wallpaper, Wood Flooring, Wallpaper. There was a clear difference in TVOC emission intensity according to kind of building materials. Composed building materials that weight per unit area is big and omission intensity is high, they effect continuously to indoor air because decrement is small.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.627-634
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• 2020

The past years were marked by an increase in the use of wood waste in civil and mechanical constructions. Date palm waste remains also one of the most solicited renewable and recyclable natural resources in the composition of composite materials. In Algeria, a great amount of this type of plant wastes accumulates every year. In order to make use of this waste, a new wood-epoxy composite material based on date palm petiole particleboard is developed. It makes use of date palm petiole particleboard as reinforcement and epoxy resin as matrix. The size of the particles reinforcement are between 1~3 mm and proportion of reinforcement used is 37%. In this work, experimental and numerical studies are conducted in order to characterize the wood fibre-epoxy plates. Firstly, experimental modal analysis test was carried out to determine Young's modulus of the elaborated material. Then, in order to validate the results, compression test was conducted. Furthermore, additional information about the shear modulus of this material is obtained by performing an experimental modal analysis to extract the first torsional mode. Moreover, a finite element model is developed using ANSYS software to simulate the vibration behaviour of the plates. The results show a good agreement with the experimental modal analysis, which confirms the values of Young's modulus and shear modulus.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.655-663
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• 2016

최근, 전 세계적으로 온실 가스 증가에 따른 기후 변화에 대한 문제가 논의되고 있다. 그중, 건축물에서의 에너지 소비량은 전체 에너지 소비량의 40%까지 증가할 것으로 예상된다. 따라서 건축물에서의 에너지 소비량 절감에 대한 노력이 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는, 건물에너지 절감에 효과적으로 기여하는 재료 중 하나인 목재를 이용하여, 목질 제품 구성에 따른 중부지방과 남부지방의 난방에너지 요구량에 대하여 시뮬레이션을 통해 분석하였다. 시뮬레이션 도구는 미국 에너지부(Department of Energy)가 BLAST와 DOE-2의 장점을 결합해 만든 동적 에너지 해석 엔진인 EnergyPlus를 이용하였다. EnergyPlus는 다양한 건물 및 HVAC 시스템 구성요소(Object)에 대한 입력항목(Field)을 가지고 있으며, 특히 건물, 공조시스템, 열원기기 사이의 피드백을 통해 통합된 동시계산을 수행하며, ASHRAE Standard 140-2007 표준에 따라 상용 프로그램 간의 비교를 통해 검증된 프로그램이다. 시뮬레이션을 위한 기상데이터는 EnergyPlus에서 제공하는 IWEC 인천 지역과 광주 지역의 epw 형식 기상데이터를 이용하였다. 대상 모델은 한국농어촌공사에서 제시한 2012년 농 어촌주택 표준설계도면 중 '농림-12-26-가' 유형을 이용하였으며 총 10개의 실로 구성되어 있다. 시뮬레이션 분석 결과, 중부지방과 남부지방 별 목질 제품의 적용 범위를 실내마감재, 실외마감재, 창호, 목구조로 단계적으로 변경해 지역에 따라 각각 16 Case의 시뮬레이션을 수행한 결과 실내외의 마감재로 목재를 사용한 것만으로도 에너지 성능이 향상된 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2003

Earth friendly system is applied widely to industries for maintaining development. The declaration of earth friendly characteristic which is an indication of the total amount of energy in evaluation of earth friendly material is not easy to apply to building materials Therefore, Accurate standards about earth friendly materials are necessary. Earth friendly building materials should be considered in the fields of energy and resource consumption, changes in urban climate and resident health, etc. Among these fields, energy and resource consumption has released toxic pollutants into the air, caused indoor moisture problems and exhausted resources continuously. Especially, moisture problem is an indicator of main factors of earth friendly characteristic. Timber, Soil. Cement Mortar and Charcoal are used to examine the sustainable properties of materials of moisture control. The result shows that wood, charcoal and soil is vivid in changes of moisture absorption and discharge in comparison with that of cement mortar.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.462-470
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• 2021

조선후기 국용목재에 사용된 수종을 파악하기 위하여 영건의궤 조선후기 11종의 영건에 명시된 수종을 분석하였다. 주요 용도로는 궁궐, 제실, 사묘, 성곽의 수리와 보수 공사에 사용된 것으로 파악되었다. 17세기~20세기 영건의궤에 명시된 수종 중 활엽수재로는 가래나무, 느티나무, 물푸레나무, 박달나무, 오동나무, 참나무류(갈참나무, 굴참나무, 떡갈나무, 상수리나무, 신갈나무, 졸참나무)가 확인되었으며, 침엽수재로는 소나무와 잣나무가 확인되었다. 문화재를 수리할 때에는 동일 수종을 원칙으로 하기 때문에 수종 조사는 중요한 부분이다. 각 수종에 대한 목재해부학적 이미지는 실제 사용된 목부재를 대신해서 국립산림과학원 목재표본실에 소장 되어있는 같은 수종 재감을 활용하였다. 조선후기 영건의궤 편역본을 통하여 목조문화재 건축물에 사용된 주요 수종을 알 수 있었으며, 수리·보수 시 사용될 목재 수종을 판정하는 데 필요한 목재해부학적 이미지를 마련하였다.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.142-147
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• 1998

Retained wooden foreign bodies following penetrating trauma are a difficult diagnostic problem. However, penetrating wooden foreign bodies of head and neck have the potential for misinterpretation or failure to detect such foreign bodies on CT. Given the likelihood that such a miss will result in an abscess or neurovascular injury, we present the method with higher window settings, they had a higher attenuation with a unique striated internal architecture and different Hounsfield numbers readily differentiate air and non-air hypodense material such as fat, or possibly wood. Being aware of the potential appearance of wood, we may also find CT useful in excluding small retained fragments in postoperative patients with persistent symptoms. This article presents two cases in which wooden foreign bodies of head and neck were present with CT evaluation.