• 대한임상검사과학회지
• /
• 제40권1호
• /
• pp.18-25
• /
• 2008

In classical titrimetric analyses, the major concern is the concentration of titrant, usually the aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide, that could be changed as time goes by and it is accompanied with the inaccuracy of the resulting data. And the statistical approach, the nonlinear regression analysis, which is a well-known statistical method, was introduced to determine the accurate concentration of the titrant and the exact value of parameters, $K_a$, r, $C_a$, $C_b$, for 0.01 M aqueous solutions of analytes, sodium pyruvate, sodium acetate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium hydroxide, ammonium chloride and acetic acid at $25^{\circ}C$. We used Gauss-Newton method for the linearlization of the nonlinear titration system and the two-parameter fitting showed appreciable convergent data for the parameters of the analytes set with the various range of $K_a$ value.

• 분석과학
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.230-234
• /
• 1999

$Ba^{2+}$ 및 $Ti^{4+}$이 함유된 염산용액에서 dimethyl oxalate(DMO)가 열분해되면 barium titanyl oxalate(BTO)가 균일 생성되었다. 일정량의 hydroxy propyl cellulose(HPC)를 분산제로 사용하였고 120min의 숙성시간에서 생성된 BTO의 전 침전물을 회수하였다. 반응온도, 염화이온의 농도, $[DMO]_0/([Ba^{2+}]_0+[Ti^{4+}]_0)$의 초기 농도비, 그리고 가한 HPC가 BTO입자의 형태, 화학적 회수율, 그리고 그들의 선구물질로부터 형성된 티탄산 바륨의 특성에 영향을 미침을 알았다.

• 분석과학
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.201-204
• /
• 1994

리튬 동위원소의 분리를 위하여, 양이온 교환 컬럼 크로마토그래피를 수용액 이온 교환시스템 중에서 수행하였다. 실험에는 길이 50cm, 안 반지름 6mm의 파이렉스 유리 컬럼을 사용하였다. 컬럼 크로마토그래피에서 용리액으로는 염산 숙신산 혼합용액을 사용하여 1.0068의 분리인자 값을 얻었다. 이 실험으로부터 가벼운 $^6Li$는 수지상에 농축되고, $^7Li$는 용액상에 농축됨을 확인하였다.

• 청정기술
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.250-257
• /
• 2016

As an attempt to replacing petroleum-based chemicals with bio-based ones, synthesis of furfural from biomass-derived xylose attracts much attention in recent days. Conventionally, furfural from xylose has been produced via the utilization of highly corrosive, toxic, and environmentally unfriendly mineral acids such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid. In this study, microwave-assisted biphasic reaction process in the presence of novel bio-based heterogeneous acid catalysts was developed for the eco-benign and effective synthesis of furfural from xylose. The microwave was irradiated for reaction acceleration and a biphasic system consisting of $H_2O$ : MIBK (1 : 2) was designed for continuous extraction of furfural into the organic phase in order to reduce the undesired side products formed by decomposition/condensation/oligomerization in the acidic aqueous phase. Moreover, sulfonated amorphous carbonaceous materials were prepared from wood powder, the most abundant lignocellulosic biomass. The prepared catalysts were characterized by FT-IR, XPS, BET, elemental analysis and they were used as bio-based heterogeneous acid catalysts for the dehydration of xylose into furfural more effectively. For further optimization, the effect of temperature, reaction time, water/organic solvent ratio, and substrate/catalyst ratio on the xylose conversion and furfural yield were investigated and 100% conversion of xylose and 74% yield of furfural was achieved within 5 h at $180^{\circ}C$. The bio-based heterogeneous acid catalysts could be used three times without any significant loss of activity. This greener protocol provides highly selective conversion of xylose to furfural as well as facile isolation of product and bio-based heterogeneous acid catalysts can alternate the environmentally-burdened mineral acids.