• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.147-160
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• 2015

This study suggests a detailed apparel sizing system for brands that target elderly men between the ages of 60 to 79 by studying body type differences of the age group based on data from 'The $5^{th}$ Korean Anthropometric survey'. Compared to middle aged men, elderly men body measurements appear to be smaller except in the midriff area, such as the natural waist circumference, waist circumference (omphalion), waist depth and waist depth (omphalion). The size chart in the study was established according to the KS size chart system with a size jump of 5cm in height, 5cm and 3cm in chest circumference, 2cm in waist circumference (omphalion) and 2cm in hip circumference. A total of 8 sizes were established with heights between 160cm and 170cm and chest measurements between 85cm to 100cm for casual tops. For suit tops, a total of 11 sizes were established with heights between 160cm and 170cm and chest measurements between 88cm to 100cm. For bottoms, detailed sizes were suggested by dividing basic and reference areas with 13 sizes between 84cm to 94cm in the waist circumference (omphalion) and between 90cm to 98cm in the hip circumference.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.391-401
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• 1999

For proper communication among manufactures in various countries and for consumers' convenience in purchasing garments imported from foreign countries the ISO revised the size designation system in 1969. Since 1970's various countries have revised their standard sizing system by adapting the ISO system . The purpose of this study is (1) to satisfy domestic consumer's needs by developing a sizing system based on that of ISO for Korean women in their early twenties and (2) to contribute to entering the international fashion market by manufacturing high quality apparel products The results were as follows: (1) By measuring and analyzing of 464 female between the ages for 18 and 24 the data indicated that body height could be divided into following three groups. S(Short) : 152cm (19.2%) R(Regular) : 160cm (57.8%) L(Long) : 165cm(22.6%) (2) According to the results to analyzing body type of this study the medium hip(drop 6) is 47.4% the large hip(over drop 12) is 42.7% the 2 types covers 90.3% (3) Comparing Korean women's size with foreign women's size DOB size code is 17 JIS size code is 9AR, FNOR size codes are 36n. 38n. and Italian size cods are 40, 42

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.299-311
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• 2014

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a method for measuring breast size from three-dimensional (3D) body scan image data. Background: Previous bra studies established reference points by directly contacting the subject's naked skin to determine the boundary of the breast. But some subjects were uncomfortable with these types of measurements. This study examined noncontact methods of extracting breast reference points from 3D body scan data that were collected while subjects were wearing standardized soft bras. Method: 3D body scan data of 32 Korean women were analyzed. The subjects were selected from the Size Korea 2010 study. The breast landmarks were identified by graphic analyses of slicing contour lines on 3D body scan data. Results: Three methods determining bra cup size were compared. The M1 and M2 methods determined cup size by calculating the difference between bust girth and under-bust girth. The M3 method determined bra cup size by measuring breast arc length. Conclusion: The researchers proposed an anthropometric bra cup sizing system with the breast arc length (M3 method). It was measured from the geometrically defined landmarks on the 3D body scan slicing contour lines. The new bra cup size was highly correlated with breast depth. Application: The noncontact measuring method used in this study can be applied to the ergonomic studies measuring sensitive body parts.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.918-924
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• 2009

As the population of overweight and obese children is rising rapidly around the world, there are many researches on purchasing and wearing children's clothing and optimal sizes, but researches on obese children are still inadequate. This study was carried out on 192 obese children over 75% in BMI. The purpose of the study was to set up the optimal interval of sizing system using the loss function which would be a guide for obese children for selecting ready to wear of suitable size. Introducing a loss function, which reflects how much the purchasing desire changes according to the difference, we formulate the problem and suggest a procedure to determine the optimal standard sizes minimizing the loss. These results were as follows ; In size chart of top's, 4 sizes had been determined by a loss function, had covered more than 91.1% of all subjects. In size chart of bottom's, 5 sizes had been determined by a loss function, had covered more than 87.0% of all subjects.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.1199-1209
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze men's body sizes in order to develop men's garment sizing system. This study was based on the anthropometric measurements called Size-Korea, which was surveyed in year 2003 and 2004. The male subjects of the survey were 3215, who were from 18 to 69 years old. In the results, each age group had the statistically different mean of height from one another, which was inverse proportion to age. Analyzing with the height index values, Fifties had the biggest values in bust, waist and hip circumferences while Thirties had the biggest values when the circumferences were analyzed by its original measurements. Therefore, the consumers who wanted bigger sizes were Fifties instead of Thirties or Forties in case they had the same height. For the past 5 years, bust, waist, hip and waist-height were obviously increased and this phenomenon was remarkable at Twenties. The results of Correlation analysis showed that height, bust, waist, neck circumference were the key dimensions for the apparel sizing system.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.405-420
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to identify the differences between clothing size satisfaction and clothing sizing systems of Korean and foreign SPA (specialty retailer of private label apparel) brands according to height group, and provide foundation material that can be used to establish product strategy from the perspective of Korean SPA brand clothing sizes in order to secure competitiveness in the international market. Satisfaction of tall women in their twenties with the clothing sizes of SPA brands was researched, and t-test was conducted to examine differences between clothing size satisfaction of Korean and foreign SPA brands between the two height groups. Then, differences in the size minimum and maximum values, size ranges, size intervals and size numbers between clothing sizing systems of Korean and foreign SPA brands were researched and comparatively analyzed. Existing clothing sizes need to make improvements considering the lengths and shoulder width of tall consumers. And Korean SPA brands need to diversify the range and number of sizes in the clothing sizing system, and set a separate tall-size group, or apply the relationship between vertical and horizontal sizes of clothing to establish a clothing sizing system. A product strategy that applies the results of this study will solve the clothing size dissatisfaction of tall female consumers and stimulate sales of Korean SPA brand clothing products. The study has value in that it extracted realistic problems by researching clothing sizing systems of products that are actually sold.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.95-110
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• 2001

The purpose of this research is to analyze how appropriately the sizing of domestically produced children's wear compares to children's sizes; it is based on an anthropometric survey conducted in 1998. By discovering and understanding discrepancies between the sizing system of children s wear and the real size of children, this study aims to suggest solutions that will lead to increased comfort and more suitable fitting in children's clothes. This research analyzes and compares 'the extent of growth between age groups' with 'the difference in sizing system in use by manufacturers'. The study focused on aged 4 to 12 children, who are usually divided in two groups; primary students and toddlers. In total, seven sizes were selected: bust, waist, and hip (which are girth sizes), and height, back neck to waist (top length), sleeve length, and waist to ankle (slacks length) as representing length. The results of this research are analyzed by basing on the actual increments between the sizes of children's wear in certain basic items rather than sizes themselves because each size quite differed according to companies, items and designs. Significantly, the increase in the sizing was not as great as the average biennial growth rate of children. The consequences are poorer fit and unsuitable representative value for each age group because the actual sizes of children increasingly differ from the sample size. Observing the increments in several sizes, we found that 81.8% of the companies used the certain and equal increases for grading sizes in sleeve length, waist, and bust. In addition, 72.7% of the companies adopted the same increments between sizes in height and hip girth, and 63.6% also chose equal increments in T-shirt length for making smaller or bigger sizes from the sample size. However, sleeve length and pant length were the components that displayed the most varied sizing. Interestingly, the few companies that used different increments between size groups, adopted the change only between one or two size groups, instead of all sizes. In conclusion, this research reveals the unsuitability of the current sizing system and the necessity to increase consumer confidence in the size tags on children's wear by modifying the system to reflect the actual growth of children. The results can also contribute to future study on the development of a new and more accurate sizing system for children's wear.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.12
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• pp.1979-1990
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• 2009

This study suggests apparel sizing systems for obese women in their twenties to fifties. Size Korea body measurement data were used for sampling the obese subjects by obesity judgment indices. A total of 7 obesity judgment indices frequently used in the clothing field were inspected and the measurement data of 499 females defined as "obese" by over 5 obesity judgment indices were analyzed. The results of the study were as follows: A total of 2,212 female body measurement data for the Size Korea Project were collected. These were compared with the 499 data of the obese women in the study. Except for all heights and some lengths correlating with heights, the measurements of obese women were larger than the entire group of females. Bust girth, hip girth, and height were selected as control dimensions of the outerwear covering the upper body; waist girth and hip girth were selected as control dimensions of the outerwear covering the lower body. In each crosstabulation table, 3cm pitches and 5cm pitches by bust girth, waist girth, and hip girth were compared in the aspects of coverage and coverage efficiency. Finally, sizing charts for outerwear covering the upper body and the lower body of obese women were established in the study through the comparison of the coverage and the coverage efficiency. These Size charts were given by 5cm pitches as final sizing systems. Size number of outerwear covering the upper body was 10 and size number of outerwear covering the lower body was 9. In addition, the body measurements of control dimensions and referable dimensions for making garments are given.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.1 s.66
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• pp.137-151
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• 2007

This study was performed to narrow down the Sizing System for Female Adult's garments(KS K 0051) following age target and body shapes. The study was based on the sizing system and the anthropometric measurements, called Size-Korea, which were surveyed in the years 2003 and 2004. At first, the subjects of the survey were classified into 4 age groups, $18{\sim}24,\;25{\sim}34,\;35{\sim}49\;and\;50{\sim}59$, based on the most significant differences of body sizes. Secondly, the ranges of four key dimensions - height, bust, waist and hip-of normal sizes were identified through analyzing Rohrer index and percentile. The selected sizes within the ranges were grouped by the drop which was the subtraction of bust girth from hip girth. In conclusion, there was the most frequent drop for each age group; 9cm drop for the $18{\sim}24$ years old group, the 6cm drop for the $25{\sim}34$ years old and $35{\sim}49$ years old and 3cm drop for $50{\sim}59$ years old. The upper body garment sizes of the same drop and target ages could be merged to 10 to 12 sizes, which were remarkably smaller than the Female Adult garment sizing system, and further to 2-5 sizes, considering the percentile importance. However, $50{\sim}59$ years old group needed to be analyzed in different ways, because the number of subjects of normal size in the age decreased rapidly, that the normal sizes for them were very limited. In addition, the reference body sizes of each garment size were apparently different when they were compared to each age groups. These basic data for garment size specification could be usefully adapted for the apparel companies' own sizing system according to their age target and body shapes, to achieve efficient production and better fit.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.44-54
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• 2024

In this study, the sizing systems of 40 unisex sweatshirt brands were analyzed to collect the size information needed to produce unisex clothing. Each size specification was compared with the body size distribution and percentiles of men and women aged 18 to 29. Depending on the brand, unisex sweatshirt sizes ranged from 1 to 8. Despite being unisex apparel, three brands offered only one or two sizes. Out of the brands surveyed, 50% were found to offer four or five sizes. Out of the 40 brands, 25 used letters such as "S," "M," and "L" to indicate the size designation. More than 92.5% of the brands included M and L, and the sizing system tended to focus on larger sizes such as XL and 2XL rather than smaller sizes such as XS and S. The size specifications of shoulder width, chest circumference, sleeve length, and total length were compared with the body size distribution and percentiles of men and women aged 18 to 29. The distribution of each size specification mostly appeared in a section larger than the men's body size. The size specifications of unisex sweatshirts were set close to or larger than men's sizes and hardly represented women's sizes. To increase consumer satisfaction with unisex clothing, establishing a size standard that could accurately reflect the body size distribution of men and women was found to be imperative. Such a size standard could also help each brand specify or diversify its target and differentiate itself with other brands.