• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.606-617
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• 1986

During the period from November 1981 through June 1986, 18 cases of coronary arterial bypass graft were performed at Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital. They consisted of 13 males and 5 females with the mean age of 49 [range: 28-69 years]. History of myocardial infarction was noted in 50% of the patients and cardiomegaly on chest PA in 2 patients with preserved LV function. On resting EKG, except the evidences of old myocardial infarction, the findings of LVH were noted in 7 cases, acute myocardial infarction in 2, diffuse myocardial ischemia in 1, and significant ventricular arrhythmia in 2 cases. The angina by type of presentation is stable in 3 patients, unstable in 15 patients with resting, postinfarction and progressive angina as the criteria of unstability. The patterns of involvement of significant disease were single vessel involvement [5 cases] double vessel involvement [8 cases], and triple vessel involvement [5 cases] including 5 cases of left main coronary arterial diseases. The pattern of coronary arterial disease in individual patient was one or more stenosis of the proximal left coronary arterial system with or without right coronary involvement, in every case. We performed 9 cases of double bypass and 9 cases of triple bypass with great saphenous vein using single anastomosis technique except in 4 cases, One of the 4 cases is our first case, sequential anastomosis between LAD and diagonal was performed due to shortage of the prepared vein graft. In the other 3 cases, our latest experience, we adopted the left internal mammary artery for the left anterior descending coronary revascularization. The distribution of sites of distal anastomosis revealed more striking predilection to LAD, showing our attention on the significance of the revascularization of LAD system. The ischemic time was 35 minutes per graft and mean number of grafts per patient was 2.5. Of the 18 patients, 13 [77.2%] had complete revascularization, and incomplete in 5 cases with the causes of incompleteness as presented. The early results of operation were as followed: surgical death in 2 [11%], perioperative infarction 2 [11%], need of inotropic support 5 [28%], arrhythmia 2 [11%], wound problem, bleeding, and emotional dysfunction. The actuarial anginal free survival during the period of 6 months through 2 years was 85.2% with excellent symptomatic control according to the angina classification of Canadian Cardiovascular Society.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.371-382
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• 1985

Over the past 4 decades after World War II a great deal of data and clinical experiences have been accumulated relating to the diagnosis and surgical treatment of congenital and acquired cardiovascular diseases in Korea. Clinical data on cardiovascular surgical cases performed in all 22 hospitals for open heart surgery in Korea was collected from it`s starting up to December 1984. The first recorded open heart surgery for a young adult atrial septal defect was performed by Young Kyoon Lee, M.D. on August 7, 1959, Seoul National University Hospital, Korea. And, some scattered reports on cardiovascular surgical cases in it`s early period have changed recently the number of hospitals for open heart surgery and clinical cases enormously in total amount of 13, 100 cardiovascular operations performed on 12, 990 cases up to December 1984. Of the total 13, 100 cardiovascular operations, congenital cardiovascular anomaly occupied 70%. Of the congenital cases, 6, 580 operations for acyanotic group [operative mortality 4.5%], and 2, 489 operations for cyanotic group [operative mortality 20%]. The incidence of congenital cardiovascular anomaly in order of frequency was ventricular septal defect [29%], patent ductus arteriosus [26%], Tetralogy of Fallot [22%], atrial septal defect [8, 6%], pulmonary valve stenosis [3.0%], and endocardial cushion defect [1.1%]. Of the 3, 412 valvular heart disease cases, which occupied 85% of total 4, 031 acquired cardiovascular disease, individual incidence was in mitral 2, 565 [63.5%], double valve 451 [11.1%], and simple aortic valve 351 [8.7%]. Total number of valve replaced, mechanical and tissue, was 2, 795, and 1, 884 for mitral, 808 for aortic, and 103 for tricuspid in position. Operative mortality for prosthetic valve replacement in total was 9.8%. Remained acquired cardiovascular cases chronic constrictive pericarditis [7.9%], cardiac tumor [1.9%], coronary artery bypass [1.8%], cardiac trauma [1.2%] and less than 1% of thoracic aortic aneurysm. Overall operative mortality for open and non-open cardiovascular surgical operation was 7.7% [congenital acyanotic group 3.2%, congenital cyanotic group 19.4%, and acquired group 7.8%]. In conclusion, present status of cardiovascular surgery in Korea is stabilized with accumulation of clinical cases and experiences, and the future in the field of cardiovascular surgery is promising, especially in the infant cardiac surgery and aortocoronary bypass surgery, with abrupt increase of specialized cardiac centers, trained specialists, and expanding social health insurance.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.961-965
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• 1997

대전을지병원 흉부외과에서는 1991년 10월 부터 1996년 4월까지 27명의 관상동맥우회로술을 시행하였으며 심정지액을 사용한 A그룹과 사용하지않은 B그룹으로 구분하여 조사하였다. 남자는 17명, 여자는 10명 이었 으며 연령은 45세에서 76세까지 분포하였으며 평균연령은 65세였다. 술전 임상소견으로는 안전성 협심증 11 례,불안전성 협심증 13례, 심근경색후 협심증이 3례였다. 동반질환으로 고혈압 7례, 당뇨병 5례 및 기타질환 이 3례있었다. 환자당 평균 혈관문합수는 A군에서 2.0개소, B군에서는 2.83개소의 원위문합을 하였다. 대동 맥 차단시간은 A군에서 54.7분, B군에서는 18.5분이었다. 술중 혹은 술후 발생한 심근경색증은 A군에서 2례, B군에서 3례 였으며, 전체파망율은 4례론 14.8%이며 B군의 사망율은 8.3%였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2011

Background: The intramural coronary artery has been known as a risk factor for early death after an arterial switch operation (ASO). We reviewed the morphological characteristics and evaluated the early and mid-term results of ASO for patients with an intramural coronary artery. Materials and Methods: From March 1994 to September 15th 2010, 158 patients underwent ASO at Dong-A and Pusan National University Hospitals for repair of transposition of the great arteries and double outlet right ventricle. Among these patients, 14 patients (8.9%) had an intramural coronary artery. Mean age at operation was $13.4{\pm}10.2$ days (4 to 39 days) and mean body weight was $3.48{\pm}0.33$ kg (2.88 to 3.88 kg). All patients except one were male. Eight patients had TGA/IVS and 4 patients had an aortic arch anomaly. Two patients (14.3%) had side-by-side great artery relation, of whom one had an intramural right coronary artery and the other had an intramural left anterior descending coronary artery. Twelve patients had anterior-posterior relation, all of whom had an intramural left coronary artery (LCA). The aortocoronary flap technique was used in coronary transfer in 8 patients, of whom one patient required a switch to the individual coronary button technique 2 days after operation because of myocardial ischemia. An individual coronary button implantation technique was adopted in 6, of whom 2 patients required left subclavian artery free graft to LCA during the same operation due to LCA injury during coronary button mobilization and LCA torsion. Results: There was 1 operative death (7.1%), which occurred in the first patient in our series. This patient underwent an aortocoronary flap procedure for coronary transfer combining aortic arch repair. Overall operative mortality for 144 patients without an intramural coronary artery was 13.2% (19/144). There was no statistical difference in operative mortality between the patients with and without an intramural coronary artery (p>0.1). There was no late death. The mean follow-up duration was $52.1{\pm}43.0$ months (0.5 to 132 months). One patient who had a subclavian artery free graft required LCA stenting 6.5 years after surgery for LCA anastomotic site stenosis. No other surviving patient needed any intervention for coronary problems. All patients had normal ventricular function at latest echocardiography and were in NYHA class 1. Conclusion: The arterial switch operation in Transposition of Great Arteries or Double Outlet Right Ventricle patients with intramural coronary can be performed with low mortality; however, there is a high incidence of intraoperative or postoperative coronary problems, which can be managed with conversion to the individual coronary button technique and a bypass procedure using a left subclavian free graft. Both aortocoronary flap and individual coronary button implantation techniques for coronary transfer have excellent mid-term results.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권12호
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• pp.1323-1328
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• 1996

저자들은 1992년 10월부터 1994년 8월사이에 전남대학교병원 흉부외과에서 좌주관동맥협착으로 외과적 치료를 받았던 21례의 임상소견을 분석, 보고하고저 한다. 남자가 12례, 여자가 9례였으며 연령은 75세부터 67세가지로 평균 49.12$\pm$12.54세였다. 불안정 협심증이 14례 (66.7%), 안정 협심증이 4례(19. 0%).급성 심근경색증이 3례였다 병변은 단순 좌주관동맥협착이 11례(52.4%)로 가장 많았는데 이중 5 례가 좌주관동맥개구부헙착 환자였으며 단일, 이중, 삼중 관동맥협착과 동반된 례가 4례(19.0%), 3례 (14.2%). 3례(14.2%)이었다. 수술수기로는 16례 에서 관동맥우회로이식술을, 개구부협착만 있었던 5례에서 자가 심낭을 이용한 개구부성 형술을 시행하였는데 관동맥우회로이식술을 시행하였던 전례에서 내유동맥을 사용하여 좌전하행지에 문합하였고, 1례에서는 대둔지에 연쇄문합을 실시하였다. 술후 1례(4. 76%)가 출혈 및 저심박출증으로 술후 2일째 사망하였으며 수술합병증으로는 출혈에 의한 재수술 2례, 창상감염 2례 및 부정맥 1례 등이 있었다. 좌주관동맥질환의 외과적 치료후 수술사망율이나 합병증 발 생율은 다른 부위의 관동맥질환의 외과적 치료에 비해 높지 않았으며 40대 이하의 여자에서 발생빈도가 높은 좌주관동맥 개구부형 착에서는 미용상의 문제, 혈역학적 특성 및 향후 재수술시 이식편 등을 고려할 때 자가 심낭을 이용한 개구부성 형술이 의의있는 수술수기로 생각된다.