• 생약학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2018

Nypa fruticans Wurmb is a species of palm, which is widely distributed in the mangrove forest of Southeast Asia. Various parts of N. fruticans has been used as a traditional medicinal plant. However, the physiological activities of N. fruticans has not yet been clarified well. Therefore, in this study, the 50% ethanol extract and its aqueous and ethyl acetate fractions of young shoots of N. fruticans were investigated for their antioxidant, cytoprotective effect, and antimicrobial activities. Every sample possessed very high free radical and various ROS scavenging capacities assessed by employing different in vitro assays such as $DPPH^{\cdot}$, $O_2^{{\cdot}-}$, ${\cdot}OH$, and $^1O_2$ scavenging activities. Based on these results, the cytoprotective effect was investigated using the oxidative hemolysis of erythrocyte. We found that the extract and fractions provide a greater protective effect compared with (+)-${\alpha}$-tocopherol. Furthermore, antimicrobial activities were confirmed against skin pathogens by broth microdilution assay. The ethyl acetate fraction had much higher antimicrobial activities than methyl paraben against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans. Taken together, our results indicated that the young shoots of N. fruticans may have the potential role as a natural active ingredient through their antioxidant, cytoprotective effect, and antimicrobial activities.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.99-103
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• 1999

Corni Fructus extracts were investigated for antimicrobial and antioxidative activities. In the methanol, ethanol, water extracts from Corni Fructus, antimicrobial activity of the water extract was stronger than the others. Antimicrobial activities were strong against microorganisms such as Streptococcus mutans, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli and Escherichia coli O-157, the activity against Escherichia coli O-157 was the strongest of all the microorganisms. The growth of all the microorganisms were completely inhibited to 48 hours in the 150${\mu}\ell$ per $m\ell$ of culture media. the shape of E. coli O-157 treated with Corni Fructus water extract was expended and its cellular surface was collapsed severely. When Corni Fructus water extract of 200${\mu}\ell$ was treated, hydrogen donating effect was more than 90%, and antioxidative activity using linoleic acid was similar to 0.1% BHT at the concentration of 50${\mu}\ell$.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1042-1045
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• 2009

A commercial propolis was investigated in terms of its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiproliferative activities. The contents of total phenol and flavonoid of propolis were 8.3 and 6.6 mg, respectively. The reducing power of the propolis increased with concentration increasing. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity was shown at 82.70% in 1,000 ${\mu}g/mL$ of the propolis. 2,2'-Azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging effect of antioxidant activity on the propolis was 35.64 g/sample. The propolis showed high antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus at all concentration of propolis. All of the cancer cell lines have 53-73% as effective growth inhibition. These results showed that the commercial propolis has potential antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cancer cell proliferative inhibition activities thus, propolis can be applied to the functional food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industry.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.57-58
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• 2001

Biosurfactant has antibiological activities. Due to its low toxicity, biosurfactant can be applied to human health care products. Posseing the antibiological activities as well as the surfactant properties implies that biosurfactant can be widely used in the cosmetic industry. In this presentation, applications of biosurfactant have been reviewed including the antimicrobial activities of sophorolipid. Sophorolipid, a biosurfactant produced from Candida bombicola ATCC 22214, showed antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus xylosus, Streptococcus mutans, and Propionibacterium acne at 4, 1, 1, 0.5 ppm as MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration). Also 100 ppm of sophorolipid inhibited 50% of cell growth of plant pathogenic fungus, B. cinera. However, sophorolipid showed no effect on the Escherichia coli., indicating its selective antimicrobial activity depending on the cell wall structure. Treatment of B. subtilis with sophorolipid increased the leakage of intracellular enzyme, malate dehydrogenase, indicating the possible interaction of sophorolipid with cellular membrane. Between lactone-type and acid-type sophorolipid, the former showed higher antimicrobial activity.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2004

항생제 내성균들의 등장으로 새로운 항생제의 개발이 요구되고 있으나 항생제의 개발은 많은 시간과 인력과 개발비를 필요로 한다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위한 방법의 하나로 전통적으로 감염질환의 치료에 사용되어온 식물인 황금과 황백 추출물의 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)에 대한 항균활성 보유 여부를 조사하였다. 황금의 메탄올 추출물은 MRSA와 Candida에 대하여 높은 항균 활성을 나타내었으며 황백 추출물보다 활성이 높아 앞으로 새로운 항균제로의 개발 및 사용 가능성이 있을 것으로 보여진다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.687-695
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• 2019

In a previous work, we performed de novo RNA sequencing of Allomyrina dichotoma using next generation sequencing and identified several antimicrobial peptide candidates based on transcriptome analysis. Among them, a cationic antimicrobial peptide, allomyrinasin, was selected bioinformatically based on its physicochemical properties. Here, we assessed the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of allomyrinasin against microorganisms and mouse macrophage Raw264.7 cells. Allomyrinasin showed antimicrobial activities against various microbes and decreased the nitric oxide production of the lipopolysaccharide-induced Raw264.7 cells. Furthermore, quantitative RT-PCR and ELISA revealed that allomyrinasin reduced cytokine expression levels in the Raw264.7 cells. We also identified inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2 expression, and $PGE_2$ production through western blot analysis and ELISA. We confirmed that allomyrinasin bound to bacterial cell membranes via a specific interaction with lipopolysaccharides. Taken together, these data indicate that allomyrinasin has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities as exemplified in lipopolysaccharide-induced Raw264.7 cells. We have provided a potentially useful antimicrobial peptide candidate that has both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.195-200
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• 2000

Yields of various solvent extracts for Zanthoxylum schinifolium and Z. piperitum leaves were higher in ethanol extract layer. Ethanol Extract in sancho and chopi leaves was fractionated with different solvents, such as hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water, yields of hexane fraction was higher. In the solvent extracts using methanol, ethanol, hexane, chloroform, and water, ethanol extract showed the most effective antimicrobial activities. Ethanol extract in sancho and chopi leaves was fractionated, the most antimicrobial activities of sancho leaf were ethyl acetate fraction, and chopi leaf were chloroform fraction.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.167-178
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• 2011

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) has long history of reputed value and actual use for its medicinal, antimicrobial and pesticidal properties. This study was conducted to find possible developments to natural food preservatives and natural antimicrobials from garlic extracts. The antimicrobial activities of raw garlic extract, heat, pH, temperature against pathogenic bacteria were investigated. E. coli, S. Enteritidis, L. monocytogenes, and S. aureus exhibited antimicrobial activities at 20% garlic extract, but no antimicrobial activity was seen in E. faecium. Raw garlic extract and garlic extract heated for 2 min at $95^{\circ}C$ showed strong antimicrobial activities, but the antimicrobial activity of garlic extract heated for 10 min at $95^{\circ}C$ was much less. The antimicrobial activities of 50% garlic extract adjusted pH 4.0~7.0 showed much the same, but the antimicrobial activities decreased at pH 8.0 or higher. The antimicrobial activities by storage $-18^{\circ}C$ of garlic extract showed much the same. When five strains were cultured for 72 hr at $35^{\circ}C$ in the TSB containing 1~10% garlic extract, viable cell number of five strains were decreased to $10^0{\sim}10^4$ CFU/ml even at 1% or 2.5% (E. faecium) after 24 hr, but later increased to $10^4{\sim}10^9$ CFU/ml after 72 hr. When five strains were cultured for 21 day at $4^{\circ}C$ in the TSB containing 1%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10% garlic extract, viable cell number of E. coli, S. Enteritidis, and S. aureus were decreased to $10^3$, $10^0{\sim}10^2$, $10^1{\sim}10^4$ CFU/ml after 21 day, respectively, but L. monocytogenes and E. faecium increased to $10^8$ and $10^6$ CFU/ml after 21 day.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.386-396
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• 2002

This study screened 76 Korean traditional patent medicines and 58 medicinal herbs for antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Among the prescriptions methanol and hot water extracts of Samsoum, Chujunghwang-yont'ang, and Sashinhwan showed antimicrobial activities against E. coli and Chujunghwang-yont'ang showed the strongest antimicrobial activity. Among the medicinal herbs, hot water and methanol extracts of Terminalia chebula, Caesalpinia sappan, and Coptis chinensis showed the strongest antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli O157, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella flexnery, Shigella sonnei and Salmonella typhimurium. An interesting characteristic of the traditional medicines such as Samsoum, Chujunghwang-yont'ang, and Sashinhwan was that both methanol and hot water extracts were active. Chujunghwang-yont'ang exhibited the strongest antimicrobial activities against the microorganisms tested. Water and methanol extracts of Terminalia chebula, Caesalpinia sappan, and Coptis chinensis showed the strong of inhibitory effects on the growth of all microorganisms tested.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.948-955
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• 1995

겨자의 항균성을 조사하기 의하여 추출용매에 따른 겨자의 항균성을 비교하고, 항균물질을 동정한 결과물, 메탄올 및 헥산에 대한 겨자 추출물의 항균성은 물 및 메탄올 추출물이 실험균주 모두에서 나타났으나 헥산에 의한 겨자 추출물은 항균활성이 거의 나타나지 않았다. SDE장치를 이용한 겨자 추출물의 항균성은 증류성분에서 항균활성이 아주 크게 나타났고, 메탄올에 의한 잔사 추출물도 항균활성이 조금 나타났으나 물층은 항균활성이 거의 나타나지 않았다. 겨자로 부터 3-iso-thiocynate-1-propene, 4-isothiocyanato-1-butene 및 4-ios-thiocyanatoethyl benzene과 같은 3종류의 isothiocyanate를 포함하여 30여종의 증류성분이 동정되었다.