• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.151-151
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition Conference
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• 2001.12a
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• pp.161-169
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• 2001

Lactic acid producing bacteria were isolated from baby feces and characterized to be used as a probiotic with anti Helicobacter pylori functions. The selected bacteria had inhibition activity on the adherance and growth of H. pylori. These bacteria had additional beneficial characteristics for the probiotic such as antibacterial activity, antitumor activity, immunostimulation activity, resistance to antibiotic and bile salt, ability to bind to the intestinal cells, and safe for the human use.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.161.2-161.2
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• 2003

In order to investigate the pathogenic genes and genetic relationships of Y. pseudotuberculosis, we isolated 9 strains of Y. pseudotuberculosis from about 380 spring water sites in Seoul and carried out antibiotic susceptibility test, biological test and molecular typing. All isolated strains were distributed throughout the northeast area in Seoul (Mt. Bookhan, Mt. Soorak, Mt. Boolam and etc...).Antibiotic susceptibility test revealed that all the strains were susceptible to chloramphenicol, gentamicin, neomycin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, but were resistant to novobiocin and vancomycin. (omitted)

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.159-167
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• 2001

Staphylocorccus aureus is gram positive, facultatively anaerobic, non-sporulative coccus, and positive for coagulase and DNase. The food-poisoning outbreak of Staphylococcus aureus increases in the world, and third occurrence happened in our country. Of 105 isolates (25.4%) obtained 413 focal samples of food-poisoning suspicious patients. In those cases, the enterotoxins were detected from a total of 45 isolates (42.9%), 9 isolates(20.0%) were A type, 33 isolates (73.3%) were H types, 2 isolates (4.4%) were G type and 1 isolate was a I type enterotoxin. Among the isolates possessing staphylococcal enterotoxins, 29 isolates had H type only(64.4%), 5 isolates had A type only and 4 isolates had both A and H type. Two isolates had G type only and 1 isolate had I type only. In the antibiotic susceptibility, 48 isolates (46%) had at least one antibiotic resistance among 105 isolates, 34 isolates (70.8%) were resistant to penicillin. 1 isolate (2.1%) to ampicillin, 3 isolates (6.3%) to erythromycin and kanamycin. Seven were resistant to more than two antibiotics and especially 1 isolate was resistant to penicillin-ampicillin-nitrofurantoin.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.215-225
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• 1992

To estimate pollution status of livestock wastewater on four piggeries and one abattoir in Taegu area, physicochemical water analysis such as pH, suspended solid(SS), biochemical oxygen demand(BOD) and chemical oxygen demand(COD), and bacteriological examinations such as number of total viable cells and number of coliform with or without antibiotic resistance were carried out. The results obtained were as follows : The pH values of raw sewage ranged from 9.0 to 7.2 that of the effluent treated was lowed to 5.6~7.7. The SS values of raw sewage ranged from 5,275ppm to 120ppm and those of the efflunet decreased to 162~30ppm. The BOD values of raw sewage ranged 6,200ppm to 120ppm and those of the effluent treated decreased to 111 ~80ppm. The COD values of raw sewage ranged from 5,725ppm to 298ppm and those of the effluent decreased to 137~76ppm. The total viable cells of raw sewage ranged from $8.5{\times}11^{11}$/ml to $9.9{\times}10^7$/ml, those of the effluent decreased to $5.6{\times}10^6{\sim}4.2{\times}10^8/ml.$ The total coliforms of raw sewage ranged from $5.5{\times}10^9$/ml to $1.3{\times}10^5$/ml, those of the effluent decreased to $3.6{\times}10^4ml{\sim}9.0{\times}10^6$/ml. The incidence of streptomycin resistant coliforms was the highest(1.8~66.7%), and followed by tetracycline(1.7~64%), kanamycin(9.3~50.l%), ampicillin(0.06~45.5%) and chloramphenicol(14.3~33.5%) to total coliforms of raw sewage. The incidence of antibiotic resistant coliforms of raw sewage in farms ranged from 3.4~66.7% and that of abattoir's was 0.06% to 14.3%. Antibiotic resistant coliform counts of raw sewage ranged from 1.3$\times$10$^{8}$ /ml to 3.9$\times$10$^3$/ml, those of the effluent decreased to $3.0{\times}10^1{\sim}2.3{\times}10^5/ml$.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.78 no.3
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• pp.289-292
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• 2015

Lemierre syndrome (LS) is a septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein (IJV) following an oropharyngeal infection. LS is commonly caused by normal anaerobic flora and treated with appropriate antibiotics and anticoagulation therapy. Although the incidence of disease is very rare, 15% cases of LS are fatal even in the antibiotic era because of disseminated septic thromboemboli. We reported a case of extensive bilateral LS due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis in a 63-year-old female with lung adenocarcinoma. Initial examination revealed a retropharyngeal abscess; hence, intravenous ceftriaxone and steroid were initiated empirically. However, pulmonary thromboembolism developed and methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis was identified in the bacterial culture. Despite intensive antibiotic and anticoagulation therapies, extensive septic thrombophlebitis involving the bilateral IJV and superior vena cava developed. Adjunctive catheter-directed thrombolysis and superior vena cava stenting were performed and the patient received antibiotic therapy for an additional 4 weeks, resulting in complete recovery.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.120-126
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• 2020

Objective: The rising number of carbapenemase-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) cases has become a concern worldwidely. This study investigated patient characteristics with CRE and analyzed the risk factors associated with its acquisition. Methods: A retrospective review of the electronic medical records of the Kangbuk Samsung Medical Center from May 2016 to April 2019 was performed. The inclusion criterion was hospitalized patients aged ≥18 years with confirmed CRE acquisition. Patients were divided by CRE acquired and non-required patients. CRE acquired patients were those with CRE confirmed by their active surveillance cultures, while non-acquired patients were those with carbapenemase-sensitive Enterobacteriaceae (CSE). If CRE was isolated more than once during hospitalization, only the first isolation was used for data analysis. Patient characteristics, antibiotic used, and the duration of use were compared between two groups using univariate analysis, and the risk factors associated with CRE were analyzed using multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: Among the 73 CRE acquired patients, 44 (60.3%) were positive for carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE). Infection from Klebsiella pneumonia (42 cases, 57.5%), Escherichia coli (17 cases, 23.3%), and Enterobacter cloacae (5 cases, 6.8%). The risk of CRE acquisition was significantly increased by 4.99 times [confidence interval (CI), 1.40-17.78; p=0.013] with mechanical ventilation, 3.86 times (CI, 1.59-9.36; p=0.003) with penicillin administration, and 21.19 times (CI, 6.53-68.70; p<0.001) with carbapenem administration. Conclusions: Proper antibiotic use including the selection, frequency, and duration, and patients on mechanical ventilators need close monitoring.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.1178-1184
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• 2018

The spread of antibiotic-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the community is one of the main challenges for antibiotic treatment of community-onset infections. We evaluated the microbiological and molecular characteristics of stool samples from adults with comprehensive health examinations. Of 109 fecal samples, bacterial growth was observed in 86 samples and 61 gram-negative bacterial isolates were identified, of which 45 were Escherichia coli isolates (73.8%). Two isolates of Raoultella showed imipenem resistance, and both E. coli and Citrobacter freundii showed intermediate resistance to imipenem. Colistin resistance was identified in isolates of Klebsiella variicola and Salmonella subterranean, but no isolates carried mcr-1. As for E. coli genotypes, 35 sequence types were identified. $bla_{TEM-1}$, $bla_{TEM-30}$, and $bla_{CTX-M}$ were identified in 15, 1, and 4 E. coli isolates, respectively. In addition, all four Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates carried $bla_{SHV}$. Many genotypes that have been identified in isolates causing human infections were found in isolates in this study. There is a need to control the rise and spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogens by fecal carriage.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.52-61
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• 2022

Purpose: Most cases of oral and maxillofacial infections are usually easily treated by proper diagnosis, elimination of causative factors, and antibiotic therapy. However, the emergence and the increase of multidrug-resistant bacteria make treatment challenging. "ESKAPE" pathogens are the most common opportunistic organisms in nosocomial infections and have resistant to commonly used antibiotics. There are many medical reviews of ESKAPE pathogens, but few in dentistry. This study focuses on oral and maxillofacial infection especially with ESKAPE pathogens. The purpose of this study is to prepare feasible data about tracing and treatment of infection related to pathogens that may be beneficial to clinicians. Methods: A total of 154 patients with oral and maxillofacial infections were reviewed by analyzing retrospectively hospitalized data in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Chosun University Hospital, Korea, past 5 years from January 2014 to December 2018. Based on the medical records and microbiological tests, the results were divided into two groups: infections with ESKAPE pathogens and other bacteria. Results: A total of 22 species were isolated from 154 patients. The proportion of ESKAPE pathogens among all bacterial isolates collected from infected patients was 39.6%. Causative factors, especially in post-operative infection, showed a statistically significant correlation to ESKAPE infections (29 cases). And average of treatment period in ESKAPE group was longer than non-ESKAPE groups. Overall, Klebsiella pneumoniae (60.7%) was the most frequently isolated ESKAPE pathogen. And high antibiotic resistance rates had been detected in the ESKAPE during the five-year period. Conclusions: Infections with ESKAPE pathogens are now a problem that can no longer be overlooked in Dentistry. Based on results of this study, ESKAPE pathogens were highly associated with post-operative or opportunistic infections. Clinicians should be careful about these antibiotic resistant pathogens and use appropriate antibiotics to patients while having dental treatments.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.15-22
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• 2024

Purpose: In general, cross-infection caused by bacteria occurs more in hospitals than in local communities. In most cases, infectious diseases spread through contact transmission (direct contact, indirect contact). This study tries to examine which places are most likely to detect infections bacteria and what materials should be used to effectively suppress the spread of infectious bacteria. Methods: Domestic and international literature have been reviewed to determine which bacteria are common and spread in which places. At the same time, antibacterial experiments for several finishing materials are performed to determine the survival period of bacteria for each material. The experiment is conducted mainly on antibiotic-resistant bacteria (MRSA, CRE, etc.) that have a high mortality rate and are very contagious. Results: MRSA has a high incidence in many hospital departments with surgery or immunocompromised patients, such as the elderly, organ transplant patients, and hemodialysis patients. There are experimental results that MRSA dies early in ceramics or silk wallpaper. CRE has a high incidence in hospital departments where there are many patients who are prone to bacteria entering the body directly, such as ventilator patients or critically ill patients with surgical wounds. There are experimental results that CRE dies early in silk wallpaper. In addition, bacteria die on the surface for a variety of reasons. Most MRSA and CRE develop in patients with impaired immunity or surgery, and rapidly die in copper or materials with antibacterial properties. Implications: If finishing materials surface with the ability to kill specific bacteria is used in the place where a large number of specific bacteria are detected, the spread of infectious diseases can be effectively controlled.