• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.365-371
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• 2017

본 연구는 옻나무 추출물의 첨가가 영지버섯 미백활성 물질인 가나도마난디올의 생합성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 수행하였다. 옻나무 열수 추출물을 1, 5, 10, 15%의 비율로 영지버섯 균사발효 시 첨가하고 발효 균사 추출물의 HPLC분석을 수행한 결과, 가나도마난디올 생합성이 첨가하지 않은 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 증가함을 확인하였다. 또한, 옻나무 열수 추출물이 첨가되어 발효된 영지 균사 추출물의 B16F10 세포주에 대한 멜라닌 생합성 저해능을 평가한 결과 첨가하지 않은 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 저해능이 증가함을 확인하였고, MTT분석을 통해 B16F10 세포주에 대한 세포생존율에도 영향을 미치지 않은 것을 확인하였다. 결과적으로 옻나무 추출물이 영지버섯균사의 미백활성 물질인 가나도마난디올 생합성을 촉진하여 향후 옻나무 추출물 첨가 영지버섯균사 발효 추출물이 효과적인 화장품 성분으로 사용 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.118-118
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• 2022

Carex pumila Thunb. is a plant native to East Asia, Australia, and New Zealand. However, its effect on skin melanogenesis has not been investigated. In the present study, we evaluated its anti-melanogenic properties using B16F10 melanoma cells and zebrafish larvae in the presence or absence of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH). In this study we revealed that concentrations below 50 µg/mL did not induce any cytotoxicity in B16F10 melanoma cells and cardiotoxicity in zebrafish larvae. However, 50 µg/mL treatment significantly inhibited α-MSH-induced extracellular (from 181.24% α 0.62% to 105.15% α 0.31%) and intracellular melanin contents (from 119.8% α 1.2% to 53.4% α 1.7%) as well as intracellular tyrosinase activity (from 143.9% α 4.2% to 103.7% α 1.4%) in B16F10 melanoma cells. At 25 µg/mL and 50 µg/mL concentrations, it could significantly inhibit α-MSH induced hyperpigmentation in zebrafish larvae (from 100% α 2.3% to 60.7% α 1.3% and 47.5% α 1.9% respectively). Additionally, the extract suppressed α-MSH-induced cAMP-CREB-MITF signaling pathway and consequently inhibited tyrosinase expression in B16F10 melanoma cells. In conclusion, our results indicate that this plant extract could suppress the cAMP-CREB-MITF axis which consequently inhibits tyrosinase mediated melanogenesis.

• 약학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2002

Quercetin is one of the bioflavonoid compounds and has multiple biological effects such as antioxidant and effective anti-inflammatory agent. Melanin has an important role in protecting human skin from the damaging effects of ultra-violet W) radiation. We studied the effect of quercetin on proliferation of B16/F10 melanoma cells. After 48h treatment of cells with quercetin, the cells exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition in their proliferation without apoptosis. Therefore, the decrease in cell numbers may be due to cell growth arrest, not due to cell death by cytotoxicity. We also investigated the effect of quercetin on melanogenesis of this cells. B16/F10 melanoma cells were grown for 48h in the presence of 0.01~50$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml quercetin and the total melanin contents were measured. Quercetin stimulated melanization of the cells in low concentrations (0.01~20$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml), whereas it inhibited melanization in high concentrations (30~50$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml). It was observed that quercetin differently regulates melanogenesis of B16/F10 melanoma cells dependent on its concentrations.

• 약학회지
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.375-379
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• 2005

The green marine algae, Capsosiphon fulvescens is one of the important economic seaweeds cultured in Korea. In this study, we investigated the effects of Capsosiphon fulvescens on melanogenesis using B16 cells. Our results showed that Capsosiphon fulvescens significantly inhibits melanin synthesis and it reduces the activity of tyrosinase, the rate-limiting melanogenic enzyme. Western Blot analysis using anti-tyrosinase antibody revealed that Capsosiphon fulvescens ($10\~40\;{\mu}g/ml$ decreased tyrosinase protein levels. Cell proliferation was dose-dependently inhibited by 10, 20 and 40 ${\mu}g/ml$ Cap­sosiphon fulvescens, without cytotoxicity and morphological change. These results suggest that the depigmenting effect of Capsosiphon fulvescens is correlated with the suppression of tyrosinase activity and protein level, which are key enzymes for melanogenesis.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.982-988
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• 2022

Licorice (Glycyrrhiza) has been used as preventive and therapeutic material for hyperpigmentation disorders. Previously, we isolated noble compounds including dehydroglyasperin C (DGC), dehydroglyasperin D (DGD) and isoangustone A (IAA) from licorice hexane/ethanol extracts. However, their anti-melanogenic effects and underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. The present study compared effects of DGC, DGD and IAA on pigmentation in melan-a melanocytes and human epidermal melanocytes (HEMn). DGD exerted the most excellent anti-melanogenic effect, followed by DGC and IAA at non-cytotoxic concentrations. In addition, DGD significantly inhibited tyrosinase activity in vitro cell-free system and cell system. Western blot result showed that DGD decreased expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1) in melan-a cells and HEMn cells. DGD induced phosphorylation of MITF, ERK and Akt signal pathway promoting MITF degradation system. However, DGD did not influence p38 and cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA)/CREB signal pathway in melan-a cells. These result indicated that DGD inhibited melanogenesis not only direct regulation of tyrosinase but also modulating intracellular signaling related with MITF level. Collectively, these results suggested a protective role for DGD against melanogenesis.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.433-441
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 Endlicheria anomala (Nees) Mez 메탄올 추출물(EAME)의 항산화, 항염증 및 미백 생리활성을 in vitro assay 및 cell culture model system을 이용하여 분석하였다. EAME의 항산화능을 분석한 결과 DPPH, $H_2O_2$로 유도한 ROS, LPS로 유도한 NO 등 다양한 산화적 스트레스원을 효과적으로 소거하였다. 대표적인 항산화 효소들로 천연물에 의한 항산화능 활성에 의해 주로 발현이 유도되는 세효소인 HO-1, TrxR1, NQO1 및 그 전사 인자인 Nrf2의 단백질 발현에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과 시료 처리 농도의 증가에 따라 세 효소 및 Nrf2의 발현이 유의적으로 증가됨을 보였다. 또한 EAME는 in vitro DOPA oxidation을 강하게 저해하여 tyrosinase inhibitor로서 작용할 가능성을 시사하였고 이에 B16F10 melanocyte를 이용하여 미백 효능을 분석한 결과 유의적인 melanin 생성억제능 및 tyrosinase 효소 활성 억제능을 보였으며 이는 tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2 등 melanin 생성의 핵심 작용 효소들의 단백질 발현 저해를 통해 일어나는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 EAME가 높은 항산화능과 항염증 활성, 그리고 미백 활성을 보유함을 처음으로 밝혔으며 향후 기능성 식품 및 피부 미용 소재로서유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.231-239
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• 2024

Methyl anthranilate (MA) is a botanical fragrance used in food flavoring with unexplored potential in anti-pigment cosmetics. MA dose-dependently reduced melanin content without affecting cell viability, inhibited dendrite elongation and melanosome transfer in the co-culture system of human melanoma cells (MNT-1) and human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT), and downregulated melanogenic genes, including tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein 1 and 2 (TRP-1, TRP-2). Additionally, MA decreased cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production and exhibited a significant anti-pigmentary effect in Melanoderm^TM. These results suggest that MA is a promising anti-pigmentary agent for replacing or complementing existing anti-pigmentary cosmetics.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.195-201
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• 2016

히솝(Hyssopus officinalis)은 통화식물목 꿀풀과의 여러해살이풀로 방부제, 기침, 거담제 등 일반적으로 방향족 허브와 약용식물로 사용되어왔다. 본 연구에서는 항산화 및 미백소재의 개발을 위해 히솝을 열수와 주정으로 추출하여 각 추출물의 in vitro 상에서의 항산화 효과 및 B16F10 melanoma 세포에서 멜라닌 생성 저해효과를 평가하였다. DPPH와 ABTS assay 시험법을 이용하여 항산화 효과를 측정한 결과, 히솝 추출물의 항산화 활성이 모두 농도 의존적으로 증가하였다. 또한 히솝 추출물은 tyrosianse 활성을 저해시켰으며, B16F10 세포에서 UVB로 증가된 활성산소와 ${\alpha}$-MSH로 유도된 멜라닌 또한 감소시키는 효과를 보였다. 멜라닌 생합성에 관여하는 유전자의 발현에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 RT-PCR을 실시한 결과 히솝 추출물에 의해 MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-2의 발현이 감소되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과에 따라 히솝 추출물은 미백개선을 위한 화장품 소재로서 이용 가능성이 높을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.168-175
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• 2019

Purpose: Barely sprout is a well-known oriental herbal medicine with a wide range of health benefits. Recent studies have provided scientific evidence of its therapeutic effects with expanded application. This study investigated anti-melanogenic effect of barley sprout water extract (BSE) in murine melanocyte B16F10. Methods: Various concentrations (0, 50, 125, and $250{\mu}g/mL$) of BSE and arbutin (150 ppm) were applied to B16F10 stimulated with or without alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (100 nM) for 72 hours. The whitening potency of BSE was determined altered cellular melanin contents. Activity and expression of tyrosinase and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) were also assayed. Results: Experimental results revealed that treatment with BSE reduced cellular melanin production by approximately 40% compared to the control. Molecular findings supported that suppressed activity and expression of tyrosinase and MITF proteins by BSE were associated with declined cellular melanogenesis. Furthermore, anti-melanogenic effect of BSE ($250{\mu}g/mL$) was similar to that of arbutin, a commonly used whitening agent. Lastly, polyphenols including p-coumaric, ferulic, and vanillic acids were identified in BSE using HPLC analyses. They might be potential active ingredients showing such melanogenesis-reducing effect. Conclusion: BSE was evident to possess favorable anti-melanogenic potency in an in vitro model. As a natural food sourced material, BSE could be an effective depigmentation agent with potential application in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.578-582
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• 2007

The primary objective of this study was to assess the in vitro melanogenesis inhibitory effects of methanolic extracts of the edible and medicinal lichens, Umbilicaria (Gyrophora) esculenta and Usnea longissima. The quantities of the total phenolic compounds of methanolic extract of the two lichen extracts were determined to be 1.46% and 2.62%, respectively. In order to evaluate the antioxidative effects of the extracts, we also measured electron donating abilities (EDA) and lipid peroxidation rates. The EDA values measured by the reduction of 1.1'-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were 72.8% and 80.7% for the extracts, with $SC_{50}$ (median scavenging concentration) values of $1.29{\pm}0.05\;mg/ml$ and $1.03{\pm}0.06\;mg/ml$, respectively. The rates of inhibition of lipid peroxidation using linoleic acid were 92.1% and 97.3% for the extracts, with $IC_{50}$ (median inhibitory concentration) values of $0.57{\pm}0.05\;mg/ml$ and $0.53{\pm}0.06\;mg/ml$, respectively. The inhibitory rates of the extracts against tyrosinase were 67.4% and 84.8%, respectively. The extracts were shown to reduce melanin formation in human melanoma cells. Melanin contents in the samples treated with 0.01% and 0.1% U. esculenta were 47.1% and 31.2%, respectively, and those treated with 0.01% and 0.1% Usnea longissima were 51.1% and 34.9%, respectively, whereas a value of 54.0% was registered when ascorbic acid was utilized as a positive control. In addition to direct tyrosinase inhibition, it was determined that the lichen extracts affected the activity of tyrosinase via the inhibition of tyrosinase glycosylation. As a result, the methanolic extracts of U. esculenta and Usnea longissima evidenced melanogenesis inhibitory effects, which occurred via multiple routes.