• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-18
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• 1992

The purpose of this study is to consider the socio-economic development and policy in each five-year economic development plan influences of urban households and to seek a plan of household stability and reasonable consumption expenditure on the aspect of Family economics. Data is based on the "Annual Report on the Family Income and Expenditure survey" of the National Bureau of Statistic Economic Planning Board, Republic of Korea and analyzed as follows: First, in analysis to the structure of consumption expenditure, the averaged percentage of each item to total consumption expenditure is estimated by each Economics Development Plan year. Second, in order to analyze the relative importance value of household consumption expenditure, priority correlation order is derived from comparison of characteristics of household consumption expenditures by multiple regression analysis. Third the patterns of consumption expenditure of salary and wage earner's households in all cities are estimated by the household consumption function, marginal propensity to consume, and income elasticity, according to socio-economic variable, and demographic variable. In the recent Korean economy, income level of household is increased and consumption expenditure level is largely increased because of the execution of economic development plan. But the improvement of income derives the increasment of the consumption needs and over-consumption trend is spread due to the import liberization. And above all, the reasonable household management and economic life are needed.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.621-627
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• 2005

It is analysised the causes and extent of damage of natural disasters through the investigating of natural disaster states occurred in Gyeongsangnam-do. The data for this study were based on disaster annual report between 1987 and 2003. Especially, the data between 1993 and 2003 were used for the analysis in Gyeongsangnam-do area. A typhoon and a heavy rain were the major causes of the natural disasters in Gyeongsangnam-do. For all that the extent of damage by a heavy rain was twice as much as that of a typhoon, Gyongsangnam-do suffered heavy damage from a typhoon. So, special attentions should be paid to establish prevention plans for that in this area. Also, half of the natural disasters were occurred between July and August, the intensive prevention plans for the summer season are needed.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in hazardous pollutant emissions in Korea over the period of 2006-2015. Methods: A survey of hazardous pollutant emissions was conducted through the homepage for 2006-2015. The emission of hazardous chemicals and the health effect was examined using the Annual Report of Air Quality in Korea (2016) and National Health Statistics (2015) as references. Results: Hazardous pollutant emissions increased by 1.1 times over the past decade, and the circulation amount of chemicals was 15% compared to the previous year. $PM_{10}$ concentrations showed a tendency to decrease, but emissions have not declined. In addition, asthma and atopic dermatitis correlated with similar emissions, but allergic disease showed no connection. Conclusion: These results on hazardous pollutant emissions indicate that they have increased. However, no association between emissions and health effects was shown, so more research is needed.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2011

Based on the statistical annual report, there are 17,649 reservoirs are operating for the purpose of agricultural water supply in Korea. 58 % of entire agricultural reservoirs had been constructed before 1948 which indicate the termination of required service life and rest of those reservoirs have also exposed to the dam break risk by extreme flood event caused by current ongoing climate change. To prevent damages from dam failure accident of these risky small size dams, it is necessary to evaluate and manage the structural and hydrological safety of the reservoirs. In this study, a simplified evaluation method for hydrologic safety of dam is suggested by using Rational and Creager formula. Hydrologic safety of small scale dams has evaluated by calculating flood discharge capacity of the spillway and compares the results with design frequency of each reservoir. Applicability and stability of suggested simplified method have examined and reviewd by comparing the results from rainfall-runoff modeling with dam break simulation using HEC-HMS. Application results of developed methodology for three sample reservoirs show that simplified assessment method tends to calculate greater inflow to the reservoirs then HEC-HMS model which lead lowered hydrologic safety of reservoirs. Based on the results of application, it is expected that the developed methodology can be adapted as useful tool for small scale reservoir's hydrologic safety evaluation.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.383-386
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• 2005

In 2003 typical phytoplasma symptoms of witches' broom and flower malformation were observed on statice (Limonium sinuatum) plants grown at commercial greenhouses in Busan, South Korea. The DNA extracted from the infected leaves was amplified using universal primer pair of Pl/P6 derived from conserved 16S rRNA gene of Mollicutes giving the expected Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product of 1.5 kb. In the nested PCR assays, the expected DNA fragment of 1.1 kb was amplified with the specific primer pair 16Fl/Rl that was designed on the basis of aster yellows (AY) phytoplasma 16S rDNA sequences. The 1.1 kb PCR products were cloned and nucleotide sequences were determined. The sequences were identical to that of Onion yellows OY phytoplasma (GenBank accession no. D12569) isolated from Onion in Japan. Electron microscopy of thin sections of leaf veins showed phytoplasma bodies in the phloem. Statice witches' broom symptom occurred on statice in commercial greenhouses in Korea was confirmed as infection of AY phytoplasma by transmission electron microscopy observation, and by determination of 16S rRNA gene sequences of phytoplasma.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.47-59
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• 2011

화재통계연보와 국가화재정보시스템의 자료를 기초로 자동차화재 실태를 분석한 결과 아래와 같은 내용을 파악할 수 있었다. 자동차화재는 매일 16건 이상 발생하여 0.5명 이상의 사상자와 5천만원 이상의 직접적인 재산손실이 발생하고 있다. 자동차화재의 원인은 기계적 요인이 가장 많고 이어서 전기적 요인과 방화 순이며, 전체화재 중 방화의 비율은 7.39%이지만 차량화재 중 방화화재의 비율은 13.79%이다. 연간 자동차화재 100건당 사망자는 평균 0.9명이며 부상자는 평균 2.4명이다. 전체 자동차화재 중 고속도로에서 발생하는 화재건수가 12.55%를 차지하고 있음에도 고속도로 자동차화재의 사망자는 16.12%, 부상자는 21.05%, 재산피해는 20.65%를 차지하고 있다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2018년도 학술발표회
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• pp.151-151
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• 2018

The present study is aimed to quantifying the uncertainty in the general circulation model (GCM) selection and its impacts on hydrology studies in the basins. For this reason, 13 GCMs was selected among the 26 GCM models of the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) scenarios. Then, the climate data and hydrologic data with two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) of the best model (INMCM4) and worst model (HadGEM2-AO) were compared to understand the uncertainty associated with GCM models. In order to project the runoff, the Precipitation-Runoff Modelling System (PRMS) was driven to simulate daily river discharge by using daily precipitation, maximum and minimum temperature as inputs of this model. For simulating the discharge, the model has been calibrated and validated for daily data. Root mean square error (RMSE) and Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) were applied as evaluation criteria. Then parameters of the model were applied for the periods 2011-2040, and 2070-2099 to project the future discharge the five large basins of South Korea. Then, uncertainty caused by projected temperature, precipitation and runoff changes were compared in seasonal and annual time scale for two future periods and RCPs compared to the reference period (1976-2005). The findings of this study indicated that more caution will be needed for selecting the GCMs and using the results of the climate change analysis.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.785-793
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• 2021

The purpose of the research is to assess the factors affecting the liquidity of the commercial banks that are conducting mergers and acquisitions activities in Vietnam during the 2008-2018 period. This study employs samples based on 2-component data sets with cross-section and time-series data collected from the annual report of the State Bank and the audited acquisitions financial statements of nine commercial banks engaged in mergers and acquisitions activities. To carry out the research objectives, the authors conducted quantitative analysis through the Pooled OLS, REM, FEM and GMM models. The results shown that: (i) bank liquidity is positively affected by liquidity lagged, the return on equity (ROE) and economic growth; negatively affected by bank size, non-performing loan, short-run loan to deposit ratio; (ii) there is not enough evidence to conclude about the relationship between net profit margin, equity-to-assets ratio and inflation rate to bank liquidity; (iii) notably, we found evidence that, after the mergers and acquisitions, the liquidity of Vietnamese commercial banks decreased. The findings of this study suggest that bank managers take a more comprehensive view of the results of mergers and acquisitions and implications for banks to improve liquidity in the post-merger and acquisitions conditions.

• 대한건축학회연합논문집
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to categorize Commercial area by identifying characteristics of blocks and coding them in order to segment use zoning in Commercial area. The study was conducted as follows. Data from building register, cadastral map, statistics annual report are utilized to identify the physical environment of the block. four types used as code under the physical environment classification code which are classification code of physical environment, detail usage, volume ratio, and height type are set, and combine the classification codes sorted by the four types of code. Through the physical environment classification codes, there are currently 37 different block characteristics of the Old downtown Commercial area. Diversity is not reflected. There are only Central commercial area of regulations in Old downtown commercial areas that are uniformly managed. For the renewal, management and development that can occur in the near future, it is necessary to segment of use district in the commercial area. Consider the current situation and future development direction for the management of sustainable commercial areas. Management is required using physical environment classification codes. It is meaningful that it can be maintained, managed and developed in accordance with the characteristics of each block.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.329-339
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• 2019

Indonesia and South Korea have become inseparable in various respects since the 2 countries established diplomatic relation in 1973. Indonesia is a tropical region that stretches across the equator, comprised of 5 main islands (Java, Kalimantan, Sumatra, Sulawesi, and Papua) and 4 archipelagoes (Riau, Bangka Belitung, Nusa Tenggara, and Maluku). As most population of Eastern Indonesia (Sulawesi, Papua and Nusa Tenggara & Maluku) live in poor areas, it is expected that there will be many parasites. Nevertheless, little is known about the status of parasites in Indonesia. This study examines the prevalences of malaria and lymphatic filaria, which are prevalent in Indonesia, as well as those of soil-transmitted-helminths (STH). As a result, the Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax case loads are almost equal. The current prevalence of P. vivax is uniformly low (<5%) in all age groups and annual parasite incidence (API) showed decreasing tendency as 0.84 per 1,000 population in 2016. However, more than 65 million people still live in malaria epidemic regions. Lymphatic filariasis remains an important public health problem and 236 cities were classified as endemic areas in 514 cities/districts in 2017. It is difficult to ascertain the current prevalence rate of STH in Indonesia, although West Sumba and Southwest Sumba in East Nusa Tenggara reported prevalence rate of more than 20%. The study also considers the (sero) prevalences of other parasites identified in Indonesia. This report should be useful not only to parasitologists but also to travelers and people with business in Indonesia.