• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.3179-3183
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to assess the rate of uptake of a customised annual Colorectal Cancer Awareness, Screening and Treatment Project (CCASTP) using faecal immunohistochemical test (FIT) kits in low income communities in Malaysia. The immediate objectives were (1) to evaluate the level of adherence of CRC screening among low-income groups, (2) to assess the knowledge and awareness of the screened population and (3) to assess the accuracy of FIT kits. A total of 1,581 FIT kits were distributed between years 2010 to 2015 to healthy asymptomatic participants of the annual CCASTP organized by Empowered - the Cancer Advocacy Society of Malaysia. Data for socio-demographic characteristics, critical health and lifestyle information of the registered subjects were collected. Findings for use of the FIT kits were collected when they were returned for stool analyses. Those testingd positive were invited to undergo a colonoscopy examination. A total of 1,436 (90.8%) of the subjects retuned the FIT-kits, showing high compliance. Among the 129 subjects with positive FIT results, 92 (71.3%) underwent colonoscopy. Six cases (6.5%) of CRC were found. Based on the data collected, the level of awareness of stool examination and knowledge about CRC was poor amongst the participants. Gender, age group, ethnicity and risk factors (i.e. smoking, lack of exercise and low consumption of fresh fruits) were associated with positive FIT-kit results. In conclusion, CRC screening can be performed in the community with a single FIT-kit. Although CRC knowledge and awareness is poor in low-income communities, the average return rate of the FIT kits and rate of colonoscopy examination were 91.2% and 70.3%, respectively.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2015

This study was aimed to explore housing costs and housing cost burdens of early-career young renter households in Seoul Metropolitan area. Between March 10 and April 24, 2014, an online questionnaire survey was conducted to young professionals in Seoul Metropolitan area living apart from their parents. Among the responses collected, this study analyzed 476 useable responses from renter households. Major findings were as follows: (1) Jeon-se renters' deposit was average 2.24 times their annual income; deposit of monthly renters with deposit was average 6.7 times their monthly income and their monthly rent was 18.6 percent of their monthly income; and monthly rent of monthly renters without deposit was about 23 percent of their monthly income; (2) thirty percent of the respondents were found to have housing cost burden paying 25 percent or more of their income for rental costs; and (3) about 55 percent received parental supports to pay current housing costs. The study findings implies that it is critical to extend provision of affordable housing units with small or no deposit for beginning-stage professionals.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2014

This study examined housing costs and housing affordability of young college graduate renters in the Capital Region of Korea using microdata of the 2012 Korea Housing Survey (KHS). A licensed microdata set of 2012 KHS was obtained on September 29, 2012 from the official KHS Website and analyzed statistically. I selected 93,795 young college graduate renters between 20 and 29 years of age in the Capital Region and compared their housing costs across income levels and tenure type. Major findings were as follows: (1) Jeon-se deposit was on average 3.1 times the annual household income and monthly renters' deposit was 7.1 times the monthly household income; (2) households in higher income groups tended to pay a larger deposit and/or monthly rent; however, households with a lower income were found to pay a greater proportion of income to housing costs than households with a relatively higher income; (3) a total of 64% of all young college graduate renters had housing cost burdens to pay 30% or more of their income for housing, and more than 78% of the low-income households were found burdened; and (4) after housing cost payments, low-income households had less than one million KRW left to spend on other needs and savings; in addition, some low-to mid-income households had zero or even minus income left after housing cost payments.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.267-284
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 고용성장의 측면에서 발현된 지역 고유의 경쟁력 및 상대적 이점이 지역경제발전에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이 분석을 위해, 1990년대 기간(1991년-2000년)에 일어난 각 지역의 산업부문별 고용성장에 변이할당분석기법을 적용해서 산출한 지역경쟁할당요소로써 지역 경쟁력을 측정하였고, 2000년대 초반의 연평균 인구성장률 (2000년-2003년)과 1인당 소득세할 주민세 3개년 평균(2000년-2002년)을 지역경제발전을 나타내는 변수로서 활용하였다. 분석은 전국 167개 지방자치단체를 대상으로 공간계량경제 모델링 기법을 활용해서 이루어졌다. 분석결과는 지역경제발전을 나타내는 두 개의 변수에 따라 상이한 것으로 나타났다. 1990년대 제조업 고용성장의 지역경쟁할당요소는 2000년대 초반의 연평균 인구성장률을 유의하게 증가시키는 효과를 나타낸 반면, 건설업 고용성장의 지역경쟁할당 요소는 인구성장률을 유의하게 감소시키는 효과를 보였다. 그리고 제조업과 건설업 각각의 지역경쟁할당요소는 1인당 소득세할 주민세를 감소시키는 효과를 보인 반면, 사회 및 개인 서비스업의 지역경쟁할당요소는 그 반대의 효과를 보였다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제104권3호
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• pp.495-502
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• 2015

본 연구는 주요 약초류(8개 품목) 재배에 투입된 비용과 수입 등을 파악하여 소득분석을 실시함으로써 향후 단기소득임산물 손실에 대한 보상 기준 및 임업경영환경 개선을 위한 정책수립에 필요한 기초자료 제공을 목적으로 수행하였다. 약초류 재배에 대한 소득분석(10a 기준) 결과, 단위면적당 연평균소득은 잔대가 14,233천원으로 가장 높았고, 다음으로 하수오 4,121천원, 천마 3,766천원, 삼지구엽초 3,537천원, 삽주 2,655천원, 독활 1,048천원, 작약 1,025천원, 시호 919천원 등으로 나타났다. 이는 2014년에 분석한 주요 수실류 소득과 비교하면 약초류의 단위면적당 연평균소득이 비교적 높은 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 잔대와 독활의 경우 새순은 식용으로 뿌리는 약용으로 이용되고 있어 향후 농산촌지역의 새로운 소득원으로 부상할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 한편, 작약은 중국산으로 인한 판매 가격하락을 보이고 있어 향후 한-중 FTA가 시행되면 타 약초류에도 중국산으로 인한 소득손실 피해가 예상된다.

• Fashion, Industry and Education
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.47-59
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• 2016

This research is concerned with comparing fluctuation in the Korean and the US economies in order to ascertain the degree to which the former is influenced by changes in the latter. The aim of this research is to explore business cycles, to examine consumer expenditure in Korea and the US, and to discover the relationships between business fluctuation indexes and overall expenditure. Statistical data from the national statistics of Korea and the US during period from 1990 to 2015 were used. The instrument included a measure of GDP, unemployment rates, GDP deflator rate (inflation rates), and household income and expenditure. For the average annual household expenditures, food, apparel and transportation expenditure data were compared across the two countries. Data were collected separately from different (though comparable) sources and were analyzed using relatively straight forward statistical techniques. It was found that Korean and the US consumers' income and expenditure were greatly affected by economic fluctuations. Total expenditure and the expenditures for food and transportation were much influenced by business fluctuation in the US, whereas, the expenditures for apparel were much influenced by business fluctuation in Korea.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제103권3호
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• pp.490-502
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• 2014

본 연구는 은행, 머루, 다래, 복분자, 산딸기 등 주요 수실류에 대한 재배공정을 조사하여 소득을 분석함으로써 임산물 손실에 대한 보상 기준 및 임업경영진단 등을 위한 합리적인 정책수립에 필요한 기초자료 제공을 목적으로 하였다. 조사결과, 품목별 재배형태는 크게 노지재배와 산지재배로 구분되었다. 품목별 단위면적당($3.3m^2$) 연간 평균소득은 은행 노지재배가 1,060원, 은행 산지재배가 618원, 머루 노지재배가 5,891원, 다래 산지재배가 8,113원, 복분자 노지재배가 14,701원, 산딸기 노지재배가 17,482원 수준으로 복분자와 산딸기의 연간 평균 소득이 타 품목에 비해 매우 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 특히, 산딸기의 경우 생산이 식재 후 2년차부터 이루어진다는 점과 수확작업 시 많은 노동력을 자가노동에 의존하고 있어 고용노동 비용 지출이 적은 것으로 분석되었다. 그리고 대부분의 수실류 재배 시 시설비, 묘목 등 초기 투자비용이 경영비에서 차지하는 비중이 평균 30% 내외로 높은 것으로 분석되어 재배 활성화를 위해 정부의 적절한 지원이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.791-799
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• 2011

Objectives : This study aimed at examining the aspects of utilization of the dental services in some regions and analyzing the related factors with a view to helping the old solve the dental problems and overcome the difficulties. Methods : This investigation was intended for 422 old people living in Jeon-ju city and Jang-su county from July 18, 2006 to August 25 by direct interviewing posing questions. The survey data sets were analyzed by chi-square, correlation, multiple regression and logistic regression. Results : 1. The average number of the existing teeth per an old person was 13.6 and the 28.8% of the old who didn't use denture called for dentures. 2. The annual coefficient of utilization in dental services for an old person was 52.3% and the annual average visits to dental clinics were 3.12 days while 38.6% of the old experienced illegal dental treatments. 3. The affecting factors on the dental utilization for treatment were as follows: family income, dental clinics available, the number of existing teeth, the days of dental trouble, the recognition of the prevention of the dental disease, the knowledge for the dental treatment and the oral health judged by himself. 4. The major variables influencing the utilization of dental services were spouse presence, form of family, income, having a regular dental care, denture presence and the experience of inconvenience in living. Conclusions : To conclude, the following suggestions could be made. First, It was necessary that enforcement practice of free dental prosthesis service and application to the national health insurance in old people's prosthetic therapy for government support because the economic factor was barrier to utilization of the dental services. Second, Dental clinic was required to the health center because availability of common dental services was big impact in utilization of the dental services.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2008년 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.363-368
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• 2008

The purpose of the study is to elicite a dwelling standard for the low-income group as belong to future socially underprivileged class through an investigation of the average size of each zone in plane figures of the apartment. The investigation has been executed to 2 kinds of plane pictures of the most spread exclusive using area scale: $85m^2$ and $65m^2$, which would be a groundwork of data to harmonize with the future dwelling needs, especially those of low-income group. 312 cases were selected to be investigated about each floor space of the living room, the main room, room1, room2, and the kitchen based on wall distance, to be calculated and charted about the average and the proportion of width and depth of each zone. The investigation about how those elements effect to the overall width and depth of the apartment according to the composition and the floor space shape executed as well.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.142-151
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• 2004

Objectives : To document the use and out-of-pocket expenditure of complementary and alternative medicine(CAM) in Korean adult population. Methods : Nationwide, random-sampled, and population-weighted telephone survey was conducted. The sample size of respondents was 1,000(age over 18). The respondents were asked about their use, out-of pocket expenditure of CAM in the past 12 months. SAS 8.0 statistic package was used for checking the relevance between each variables by performing $x^2-test$ and variance evaluation. Results : In 2001, 64.0% of people experienced more than one alternative therapy and the beneficiary took therapy average figure of 2.07. Alternative therapies were generally used for health promotion(73.7%) rather than curing the disease(26.3%). The most common therapies included Medication(30.2%), Physical-therapy(21.9%) health implements(20.8%), herb medication(19.2%), diet therapy(14.3%) etc. Average annual out-of-pocket expenditure was ￡<192,186. Use varied according to age, living province, income, and education, while cost expenditure did according to sex, health condition, income, education. Conclusions : The use of CAM in Korea is very large and the expenditure for them is 22.6% of national medical expenditure. It shows great need of political and academic approach.