• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.168-175
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• 2021

Objective: To investigate the static and dynamic analysis of ankle joint complex between subjects with chronic ankle instability (CAI) and healthy controls. Method: A total of 38 subjects and CAI group (N=19) and healthy control (N=19) participated in this first study. Variables that were measured in this study were as follows: 1) Subtalar joint axis inclination and deviation 2) Rearfoot angle 3) Navicular drop test 4) Heel alignment view in alignment analysis. Intra Correlation Coefficient (ICC) is used for reliability. A secondary 17 subjects are recruited including 9 of CAI and healthy for gait analysis between group. Lower extremity sagittal, frontal, and transverse kinematics were measured. All data were analyzed to ensemble curve analysis. Results: 1) There were statistically significant differences in standing rearfoot, navicular drop, heel alignment view, subtalar joint (STJ) inclination and deviation. 2) Only in sagittal, meaningful difference is showed during walking in gait analysis. Conclusion: Morphological problem can affect ankle sprain in aspect of structure with no relation to compensation of neuromuscular.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2013

Freiberg's disease is a osteochondrosis of a metatarsal head that is recognized as primarily a disorder of the second metatarsal. It is seen more often in girls. Pain and limitation of motion of the affected joint is the predominant clincal feature. The radiographic appearance demonstrates from osteosclerosis in the early stage to osteolysis with collapse in the later stage. Conservative therapy may take the form of rest, a stiff shoe, and even a cast support to decrease the stress across the joint. Surgical intervention may also be of benefit. Surgery have been attempted either to modify the diseae process or to salvage the situation once the metatarsophalangeal joint develops degenerative changes. Metatarsophalangeal joint instability is common cause of forefoot pain that can develop in association with a traumatic episode and inflamatory tissue disorders as well as neighboring toe deformities. The second ray is by far the most frequently involved. The diagnosis can be made by clinical observation and physical examination including drawer test. Many surgical procedures have beem recommended when conservative treatment has failed. Procedures described range from soft tissue releases and tendon trasfer to the direct plantar plate repair combined with a Weil osteotomy.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.153-159
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• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of joint mobilization on foot pressure, ankle moment, and vertical ground reaction force in subjects with ankle instability. Method: Twenty male subjects (age, $25.38{\pm}3.62yr$; height, $170.92{\pm}5.41cm$; weight, $60.74{\pm}9.63kg$; body mass index (BMI), $19.20{\pm}1.67kg/m^2$) participated and underwent ankle joint mobilization. Weight-bearing distribution, ankle dorsi/plantar flexion moment, and vertical ground reaction force were measured using a GPS 400 and a VICON Motion System (Oxford, UK), and subsequently analyzed. SPSS 20.0 for Windows was used for data processing and paired t-tests were used to compare pre- and post-mobilization measurements. The significance level was set at ${\alpha}$ = .05. Results: The results indicated changes in weight-bearing, ankle dorsi/plantar flexion moment, and vertical ground reaction force. The findings showed changes in weight-bearing distribution on the left (pre $29.51{\pm}6.31kg$, post $29.57{\pm}5.02kg$) and right foot (pre $32.40{\pm}6.30kg$, post $31.18{\pm}5.47kg$). There were significant differences in dorsi/plantar flexion moment (p < .01), and there were significant increases in vertical ground reaction forces at initial stance (Fz1) and terminal stance (Fz2, p < .05). Additionally, there was a significant reduction in vertical ground reaction force at midstance (Fz2, p < .001). Conclusion: Joint mobilization appears to alter weight-bearing distribution in subjects with ankle instability, with resultant improvements in stability.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.224-231
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 유도 허벅다리걸기 기술 발휘 시 발목 관절의 테이핑 처치가 하지 관절과 압력중심(COP, center of pressure)에 미치는 영향을 분석하는데 있었다. 대학 유도 선수 20명(연령, 20.9±0.8세; 신장, 168.6±7.4cm; 체중, 73.5±11.6kg; 신체질량지수, 25.7±2.6kg/㎡)이 참여하였으며, 발목 관절 테이핑 처치 전과 후의 2가지 조건에서 허벅다리걸기 기술 발휘 시 지지다리 관절의 각도와 압력중심 요인을 분석하여 다음의 결과를 도출하였다. E2(t=2.411, p=.027) E4(t=2.388, p=.029)시점에서 발목 관절의 각도는 테이핑 처지 전에 비해 처치 후 발목의 각도가 통계적으로 적은 수치를 나타내었고, E2(t=-2.343, p=.032) E3(t=-4.531, p=.000)시점에서 힙 관절의 각도는 통계적으로 크게 나타났다. 그리고 발목 관절 테이핑 처치 후 좌·우의 COP 이동은 상대를 메치는 P3 국면에서 통계적으로 크게 나타났으며(t=2.670, p=.016), 전·후의 COP 이동은 상대의 무게 중심을 기울이는 P1 국면에서 통계적으로 적은 수치를 나타내었다(t=2.846, p=.011). 그러므로 허벅다리걸기를 특기로 사용하는 유도 선수들은 발목 관절 테이핑으로 인해 발생하는 지지관절의 운동 기능과 COP의 이동범위를 고려하여 사용하는 것에 대하여 제안하고자 한다.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제82권6호
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• pp.1402-1412
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• 2021

만성 외측 발목 불안정(chronic lateral ankle instability; 이하 CLAI)은 급성 발목 염좌의 주요 합병증으로 일상생활과 스포츠 활동에 불편을 줄 수 있으며, 장기 후유증으로 발목 관절에 퇴행성 변화를 가져오기도 한다. CLAI의 정확한 원인은 여전히 논쟁 중이며 다인자적으로 알려져 있으나, 특히 만성적인 외측 발목 인대 손상 여부를 확인하는 것이 환자의 원발 병소를 결정하고 적절한 치료 계획을 수립하는 데 필수적이다. 본 종설에서는 CLAI에서 인대 손상을 진단하는데 이용되는 여러 검사들의 특징과 유용성에 대해 기술해 보았다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.934-939
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• 2011

This paper experimentally deals with the relationship between the ankle electromyogram(EMG) and walking motion in order to activate the ankle joint of a walking-assistance robot for rehabilitation. Based on the anatomical structure and motion pattern of an ankle joint, major muscles were selected for EMG measurements. Surface EMG signals were monitored for several human bodies at various stride distances and stride frequencies. Root-mean-squared magnitude of EMG signals were related with the walking conditions. It appeared that the magnitude of the ankle EMG signal was linearly proportional to the stride distance and stride frequency, and thus to the walking speed.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1791-1796
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• 2019

Background: Vibration exercise after ankle surgery improves proprioception and ankle muscle strength through vibration stimulation. Objective: To examine the effects of vibration exercise on the ankle stability. Design: Randomized controlled clinical trial (single blind) Methods: Twenty soccer players were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The Vibration exercise program was conducted 12 weeks and 3 times a week. Ankle joint proprioceptive sensory test and Isokinetic muscle strength test were performed using Biodex system pro III to measure plantar flexion / dorsiflexion and eversion / inversion motion. Results: The result of isokinetic test of ankle joint is showed significant improvement in all measurement items, such as leg flexion, lateral flexion, external and internal muscle forces, compared to previous ones by performing vibration movements for 12 weeks. However, in the comparison group, plantar flexor ($30^{\circ}$), eversion muscle ($120^{\circ}$), inversion ($30^{\circ}$) of limb muscle strength were significantly improved compared with the previous phase; was no significant difference in dorsi-flexion. There was no significant difference between groups in all the items. Conclusions: In this study, we analyzed the effects of rehabilitation exercise on soccer players who had reconstructed with an ankle joint ligament injury through vibration exercise device. As a result, we could propose an effective exercise method to improve the ability, and confirmed the applicability as an appropriate exercise program to prevent ankle injuries and help quick return.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.6-9
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• 2021

The term chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI) embraces a spectrum of conditions that involve functional and mechanical instability, both in athletes and lower-demand patients. The hallmarks of CLAI are recurrent sprains, persistent pain, and repeated episodes of the ankle giving way. CLAI is the main complication of acute ankle sprains, which can cause discomfort in daily and sports activity. Approximately 10% to 30% of patients with acute ligament ruptures will develop chronic instability over the course of a year from the index injury. An accurate diagnostic approach and successful treatment plan should be established based on a comprehensive understanding of the concept of functional and mechanical instability. Unfortunately, the optimal modality for the management of CLAI is unclear. Even after conservative treatment or surgical intervention, it could result in degenerative changes to the ankle joint in the long term. Thus far, the incidence of ligamentous posttraumatic ankle osteoarthritis was reported to be 13% to 78%. The mean latency time between injury and osteoarthritis was at least 10 to 34.3 years. CLAI is an important pathological condition that can cause discomfort or dysfunction in daily activity in the short term, resulting in joint destruction in the long term. Therefore, it is important to understand the various complications that can occur when CLAI is not treated properly.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.2212-2220
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• 2020

Background: Repetitive damage to the ankle joint causes chronic ankle instability, and studies comparing the effects of exercise in open and closed chains as a treatment method are very rare. Objectives: To investigate the effects of open and closed kinetic exercises on muscle activity and dynamic balance of ankle joint in adults with chronic ankle instability. Design: Single-blind randomized controlled trial. Methods: The selected 30 subjects are randomly divided into open kinetic chain exercise experimental group (EGI, n=10), closed kinetic chain exercise experimental group (EGII, n=10), and stretching control group (CG, n=10). Open and closed kinetic exercises lasted 30 minutes three times a week for six weeks and stretching exercises performed four actions for 20 seconds and five sets. The measurement tools using surface electromyography to measure muscle activity in the ankle joint. The dynamic balance of the ankle was evaluated using the Y-Balance test. Results: Following the intervention, closed and open kinetic chain exercise group showed significant difference in tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscle activity and dynamic balance (P<.05). However, no significant difference in tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscle activity and dynamic balance between closed and open kinetic chain exercise group (P<.05). Conclusion: This study provides evidence that closed and open kinetic chain exercise can be presented as an effective exercise for the muscle activity of ankle muscle and dynamic balance of the subject with chronic ankle instability.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2023

Purpose: Concomitant ankle injuries associated with tibial shaft fractures can affect postoperative ankle joint pain and various postoperative ankle complications. This study compared the clinical outcomes between surgical treatment and conservative treatment of concomitant ankle injuries associated with tibial shaft fractures. Materials and Methods: From January 2015 to June 2020, a retrospective study was conducted on 118 tibia shaft fractures at the orthopedics department of the hospital. Associated ankle injuries were analyzed using plain radiographs, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and intraoperative stress exams. The clinical outcomes were compared using the pain visual analog scale (pain VAS), American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot score (AOFAS score), and Karlsson-Peterson ankle score (KP score). Results: Seventy-two (61.02%) of the 118 cases were diagnosed with associated ankle injuries. Fifty-six cases underwent surgery for the ankle injury, and 16 cases underwent conservative treatment. The clinical results (according to the pain VAS score, AOFAS score, the KP score) were 1.79±1.26, 94.48±4.03, and 94.57±3.60, respectively, in the surgical treatment group, and 3.00±1.03, 91.06±3.02, and 91.25±3.31, respectively, in the conservative treatment group. Conclusion: Surgical treatment showed better clinical outcomes than conservative treatment in concomitant ankle injury in tibia fractures. Therefore, surgical treatment produces better clinical outcomes than conservative treatment in concomitant ankle injuries in tibia fractures. Hence to improve the clinical outcomes, more attention is needed on ankle joint injury in tibial shaft fractures for selecting suitable surgical treatments for those patients.