• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.641-648
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging could improve diagnostic accuracy for suspected posterior ligamentous complex (PLC) disruption. Materials and Methods: We used 20 freshly harvested goat spine samples with 60 segments and intact surrounding soft tissue. The animals were aged 1-1.5 years and consisted of 8 males and 12 females, which were sexually mature but had not reached adult weights. We created a paraspinal contusion model by percutaneously injecting 10 mL saline into each side of the interspinous ligament (ISL). All segments underwent T2-weighted sagittal and coronal short inversion time inversion recovery (STIR) scans as well as coronal and sagittal 3D proton density-weighted spectrally selective inversion recovery (3D-PDW-SPIR) scans acquired at 1.5T. Following scanning, some ISLs were cut and then the segments were rescanned using the same magnetic resonance (MR) techniques. Two radiologists independently assessed the MR images, and the reliability of ISL tear interpretation was assessed using the kappa coefficient. The chi-square test was used to compare the diagnostic accuracy of images obtained using the different MR techniques. Results: The interobserver reliability for detecting ISL disruption was high for all imaging techniques (0.776-0.949). The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of the coronal 3D-PDW-SPIR technique for detecting ISL tears were 100, 96.9, and 97.9%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the sagittal STIR (p = 0.000), coronal STIR (p = 0.000), and sagittal 3D-PDW-SPIR (p = 0.001) techniques. Conclusion: Compared to other MR methods, coronal 3D-PDW-SPIR provides a more accurate diagnosis of ISL disruption. Adding coronal 3D-PDW-SPIR to a routine MR protocol may help to identify PLC disruptions in cases with nearby contusion.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.482-485
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• 2013

6년령의 개가 오른쪽 턱 밑의 종괴와 고체온증으로 전북대학교 수의과대학 동물병원에 내원하였다. 정확한 위치와 크기를 측정하기 위해 CT 촬영을 진행하였으며 3D 재구성을 실시하였다. CT 촬영 후 수술적으로 제거하였으며 제거 후 조직검사를 실시한 결과 거대세포 갑상샘 암종으로 확인되었다. 또한 본 환자의 혈액 중 조절 T 세포의 비율을 보기 위해 흐름세포측정기를 이용하여 실험한 결과 38.28%로 정상인 개(8마리 정상 비글견에서 조사한 결과 $7.66{\pm}1.65%$ (P<0.01))에서 보다 높게 나왔다. 보호자가 항암치료는 원하지 않아서 실시하지 못하였으며 수술 7일 후 다시 재발하였으며 혈액검사 결과 심한 백혈구 증가증 및 비재생성 빈혈이 나타났다. 또한 폐전이 부위로 의심되는 부위가 악화되었으며 결국 심한 빈혈과 호흡곤란으로 폐사하였다.

• 조형예술학연구
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• 제6권
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• pp.140-202
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• 2004

Body means 1)the whole structure and substance of a man, animal, or plant 2) the trunk or torso of a man or animal 3) part of garment that covers the trunk 4) the fresh or material substance, as opposed to the spirit. Human body could be distinguished as fresh and spirit. Body has the meaning of physicality. Physical means the bodily and constitution, but in the meaning of constitution there is the content of spirituality. Physicality means the appearing or arising of trace or image or nuance of body. The paintings which are using bodies are 1) directly draw bodies 2) twisting or transformation or nuance of the body and highly upgrade the physical emotion or fantastic bodily nuance 3) directly rubbing artist's body on the surface of painting with pigments to elect tactile specification. These physical art have appeared broadly by various artists, mainly with the social aspects of sex, drug, psycho sexual issues. In case of Joel peter Whitkin, the reason of strong physicality in the art is from the mind of the rejection and resistance of real world which is targeting top, perfect and beauty. Further explanation, being the world which is separated top and under, men and women, beauty and ugly; further in the situation, the hierarchy, terror and pressure began and many difficult problems has derived. The contents of attacking feminists's art works are very obscene to reveal female and male's phallus strongly. Sometime, it is strongly related in the political issues. The physical paintings have strong meanings in the action by hands and feet. It supports that it could reveal the humanity with smell, breath, and traces of bodies. In the bodies, the origin of life begins which gives human life by blood lines and water. Sometime, the physical paintings are made by the blood and urine to stick the physicality for special nuance. The physical paintings are made by the image of penis and clitoris which are related in the image of urinating, ejaculation and sometime is symbolized as pens and candles to drop liquid. The selected painters who are related in physical painting are Jackson Pollock, Andrea Serano, Eve Klein, Francis Bacon, Francesco Clemente, Lichard Long, Jakes & Dinos Chapman, Anselm Kiefer, Kiki Smith and Park, Ki Woong. Francis Bacon's style is destructive in representing human shapes which give us special message about the unbearable activity of men politician, high brain, wealthy and religious people. Francesco Clemente's method is to use throat, ear hole, mouse, clitoris, belly nostrils and every holes of body to transmute human physical body. Lichard Long uses directly his body in drawing the surface of painting by using liquid of mud Jakes & Dinos Chapman destroys or transforms the bodies of human. It sometime appears wrong location of the bodies that the penis and vulva is in between human faces or nose of women, Anselm Kiefer uses human hair for representing the human decaying martyrs, and indirectly using straw, he gives special ritual action to repent the Nazi's fault. From 2002 to 2003, Park KI Woong used women womb images to intermingle the smoke shape of <9.11 terror, 2001> in New York to reveal the painful situation of the time(*).

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.415-426
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• 2004

소비자의 인구, 사회, 경제적 특성을 고려한 돈육 선호도 성향의 차이를 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 먼저, 연령층에 따라 마블링을 제외한 육색, 지방두께 및 드립에 대한 선호도가 유의적으로 다르게 나타났다. 연령층이 18${\sim}$24세이면서 학생인 소비자들이 돈육 선호도 성향이 다른 연령층 및 직종의 소비자들과 비교하여 육색이 짙고 지방두께가 얇으면서 드립이 약간 있는 것을 선호하였고 연령이 증가할수록 육색이 연하면서 지방이 약간 있고 드립이 없는 돈육을 선호하였다(P < 0.05). 남성이 여성보다 육색이 약간 더 진하고 드립이 있는 돈육을 선호하는 것으로 나타났다(P < 0.05). 또한, 결혼유무에 따라 육색 및 드립에 대한 선호도 차이가 있었고, 직업의 종류에 따라 마블링을 제외한 육색, 지방두께 및 드립에 대한 선호도가 유의적으로 차이가 있는것으로 나타났다(P < 0.05). 한편, 소득수준에 따라서는 선호도에 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 돈육 선택 시 소비자들은 연령, 성별, 결혼 상태 및 직업 종류에 따라 선호도 성향이 다르게 나타났으며, 이러한 결과를 활용하여 앞으로 한국 소비자들의 기호를 만족시킬 수 있는 돈육생산에 필요한 기초 자료로써 본 연구 결과가 이용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 현재 일본 마루야마에서 재발된 방제기의 최대 살포 거리가 120 m 이기 때문에 140 m 이상 살포할 수 있는 방제기를 개발하는 것이다. 넓은 지역에 살포가 가능한 광역방제기 팬의 성능에 대하여 현장실험을 하여 얻은 데이터를 영상처리하여 분석한 후 현장에 보급하는 것이다. 살포된 색소의 분포도는 육안에 의한 분석을 할 수도 있지만 정확하고 신뢰도를 높이기 위해 영상처리를 이용하여 이치화 하였다. 연구에 사용된 방제기 팬은 최고 살포거리가 140 m이고 유효 살포거리가 100 m가 되도록 설계 및 제작되었다. 실험은 10 m 간격으로 지상에서 1 m 위치에 A4 용지를 부착한 후 용지에 흡착한 용액을 2치화 영상처리를 하여 살포량 및 살포거리를 측정하였다. 용지를 수거하여 영상처리를 이용하여 이치화 하였다. 그레이레벨은 0에서 255로 나타냈다. 흑색은 0, 백색은 255로 이치화 하였다. 10 m의 경우는 용지에 방제액의 살포량이 많아서 떨어졌고, 30 m 부분은 색소가 흘러내려 흑색이 적게 나타난 것으로 판단된다. $20{\sim}100m$까지 그레이레벨이 200 이하로 방제가 균등하게 이루어졌으며, 180 m까지 살포가 가능한 것으로 나타났다. 실험을 통하여 축산농가의 구제역 등 방제작업에 이용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.1180-1190
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• 2020

Objective: To develop healthier comminuted meat products to meet consumer demand, the gel properties, rheological properties, microstructure and water distribution of pork meat batters formulated with various amounts of bamboo shoot dietary fiber (BSDF) were investigated. Methods: Different levels of BSDF (0% to 4%) were added to pork batters, and the pH, color, water-holding capacity, texture and rheological properties of pork batters were determined. Then, pork batters were analyzed for their microstructure and water distribution using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR). Results: Compared with the control, BSDF addition into meat batters showed a significant reduction in L^*-value and a significant increase in b^*-value (p<0.05). BSDF addition of up to 4% reduced the pH value of pork batters by approximately 0.15 units; however, the cooking loss and expressible water loss decreased significantly (p<0.05) with the increased addition of BSDF. The hardness and gel strength were noticeably enhanced (p<0.05) as the content of BSDF increased. The rheological results showed that BSDF added into pork batters produced higher storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G") values. The SEM images suggested that the addition of BSDF could promote pork batters to form a more uniform and compact microstructure. The proportion of immobilized water increased significantly (p<0.05), while the population of free water was decreased (p<0.05), indicating that BSDF improved the water-holding capability of pork batters by decreasing the fraction of free water. Conclusion: BSDF could improve the gel properties, rheological properties and water distribution of pork meat batters and decrease the proportion of free water, suggesting that BSDF has great potential as an effective binder in comminuted meat products.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.418-424
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 비방사능 값에 따른 소동물 in vivo실험에서 어느 정도의 비방사능에서부터 수용체-리간드의 결합능력의 변화와 선조체에서의 방사능 집적에 변화가 있는지를 규명하고자 실험을 진행하다. 18F-Fallypride을 3가지 값 ; 높은 비방사능 : 43.29~74 GBq/umol, 중간 비방사능 : 20.72~29.23 GBq/umol, 낮은 비방사능 : 6.29~8.51 GBq/umol)으로 나누어 순차적으로 혈관주사 후 Micro PET을 이용하여 90분 동적 스캔 하였다. 스캔 후 양쪽 선조체에서 Binding Potential(BP)을 구한 후 비교 분석하였다. 높은 비방사능과 낮은 비방사능, 중간 비방사능과 낮은 비방사능에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 또한 18F-Fallypride을 이용한 PET 영상비교에서는 높은 비방사능과 중간 비방사능에서는 선조체 에서 높은 방사능집적을 보여주었지만, 낮은 비방사능에서는 다른 두 비방사능에 비해 낮은 방사능 집적을 볼 수 있었다. 이는 18F-Fallypride의 약동학적 특성상 D2/D3에 대한 친화성이 좋기 때문에 비방사능 값이 어느 정도 떨어진 상태에서도 BP의 차이가 크지 않았다. 하지만 높은 비방사능에 비해 6.5배 낮은 비방사능 값 부터는 이미지 및 BP의 차이가 유의하게 나왔으므로 앞으로 18F-Fallyprdie을 이용한 선조체 PET연구에서는 이를 고려하여 실험 할 필요가 있을 것이다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.529-537
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• 1994

Sector scanner which has a conical end is used to image through the intercostal space because heart is protected by the ribs. Cardiac data published all around the world were also obtained by sector scanner. Although scanners being used in every small animal practice and animal hospital at college in Korea include convex ape and linear type, linear type is not appropriate f3r cardiac scan because of a wide contact surface. The purpose of this study is to establish ultrasonographic images of normal cardiac structures by measuring shape, size of reflectable cardiac structure according to restraint position in scanning normal heart of the puppies with 6.5 MHz convex scanner(SonoAce 4500, Medison, Korea) used in our veterinary teaching hospital, Seoul national university. Seventeen male and female puppies considered having healthy hear by X-ray and clinical examination are used feom April to July 1994. Scanning point selection of probe head and the distinction of imaged cardiac structures were accomplished by necropsy and cardiac scanning performed through thoracotomy under general anesthesia. At 10 o'clock position of transducer(at an angle of 30$^{\circ}$ between imaginary line from elbow joint to 3rd sternum and probe head, 60$^{\circ}$ from body surface, 4th intercostal space of right thorax) with the marker of scanner toward the head of dogs right atrium, left atrium and left ventricle were observed in 2, 3, 4, 5 intercostal space(2cm from the sternum) of experimental dog positioned ventrodorsally under general anesthesia. Under these conditions, the numerical values of imaged diastolic hear are as follows : the distance from skin to apex(mean$\pm$S.D) 47.53$\pm$6.94mm, thickness of left ventricular wall 6.00$\pm$1.60mm, length of left ventricle 16.27$\pm$5.31mm, width of left ventricle 15,33$\pm$4.25mm, length of left atrium 12.33$\pm$3.82mm, width of left atrium 11. 33$\pm$3.94mm, length of right atrium 1.00$\pm$2.41mm, width of right atrium 11.21$\pm$2.76mm and the area of left ventricle 270.92$\pm$109.81mm$^2$, area of left atrium 98.00$\pm$41.08mm$^2$, area of right atrium 62.75$\pm$21.04mm$^2$.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제6권11호
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• pp.154-160
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• 2006

본 논문은 well-being을 모든 생활의 지향점으로 삼는 현대인의 삶이 본래의 목적에서 벗어나 과도한 소비문화로 이어지는 현대인의 욕망구조를 고찰하기 위해 진행된 작품 논문이다. 연구의 방법으로는 인간의 욕망이 소비로 이어지는 과정을 이론적으로 고찰 하고, 소비문화를 상징화 하는 쇼케이스에 담겨진 의미와 새로운 차이를 만들어내는 웰빙 문화를 비판적 시각으로 분석하는 방식을 전개하였다. 또한 실제적으로 위와 같은 이론이 적용된 작품으로 본인의 작품 'Well-buying Shop 1'을 선택하여 영상의 구성방법과 기법에 있어서 컨셉 구현 방법을 중점적으로 분석해 볼 것 이다. 작품 속에 등장하는 쇼케이스라는 상징물은 소비문화와 소유 욕망의 실험실을 대변하고 있으며, 웰빙 농장에서 길러지는 동물캐릭터를 중심으로 하여 3분 50초 동안 영상이 전개된다. 컷 아웃 애니메이팅 과정을 통하여 생명력이 부여된 작품 속의 동물 캐릭터들은 롱테이크 방식과 음율적 편집 방식으로 완성되어 관람객과 영상사이의 자연스러운 몰입이 시도된다. 또한 캐릭터와 배경이미지는 석판화기법으로 제작되어, 압력에 의해 표현되는 회화적 밀도와 색채의 다양성을 시도하였다. 위와 같은 작품을 근간으로 하여 진행된 본 연구는 진정한 건강한 삶은 무엇이며, 올바른 소비문화가 무엇인지를 뒤돌아보는 장을 마련하는 동시에 애니메이션의 이미지 제작 기법으로서 흔하지 않은 석판화의 다양한 색채와 표현기법을 시도하였다는 점에 의의를 둔다 하겠다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2016

Magnetic resonance image (MRI) is widely used in brain research field and medical image. Especially, non-invasive brain activation acquired image technique, which is functional magnetic resonance image (fMRI) is used in brain study. In this study, we investigate brain activation occurred by LED light stimulation. For investigate of brain activation in experimental small animal, we used high magnetic field 9.4T MRI. Experimental small animal is Balb/c mouse, method of fMRI is using echo planar image (EPI). EPI method spend more less time than any other MRI method. For this reason, however, EPI data has low contrast. Due to the low contrast, image pre-processing is very hard and inaccuracy. In this study, we planned the study protocol, which is called block design in fMRI research field. The block designed has 8 LED light stimulation session and 8 rest session. All block is consist of 6 EPI images and acquired 1 slice of EPI image is 16 second. During the light session, we occurred LED light stimulation for 1 minutes 36 seconds. During the rest session, we do not occurred light stimulation and remain the light off state for 1 minutes 36 seconds. This session repeat the all over the EPI scan time, so the total spend time of EPI scan has almost 26 minutes. After acquired EPI data, we performed the analysis of this image data. In this study, we analysis of EPI data using statistical parametric map (SPM) software and performed image pre-processing such as realignment, co-registration, normalization, smoothing of EPI data. The pre-processing of fMRI data have to segmented using this software. However this method has 3 different method which is Gaussian nonparametric, warped modulate, and tissue probability map. In this study we performed the this 3 different method and compared how they can change the result of fMRI analysis results. The result of this study show that LED light stimulation was activate superior colliculus region in mouse brain. And the most higher activated value of segmentation method was using tissue probability map. this study may help to improve brain activation study using EPI and SPM analysis.