• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.159-168
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• 2020

The demand for drug-induced sedation for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans have substantially increased in response to increases in MRI utilization and growing interest in anxiety in children. Understanding the pharmacologic options for deep sedation and general anesthesia in an MRI environment is essential to achieve immobility for the successful completion of the procedure and ensure rapid and safe discharge of children undergoing ambulatory MRI. For painless diagnostic MRI, a single sedative/anesthetic agent without analgesia is safer than a combination of multiple sedatives. The traditional drugs, such as chloral hydrate, pentobarbital, midazolam, and ketamine, are still used due to the ease of administration despite low sedation success rate, prolonged recovery, and significant adverse events. Currently, dexmedetomidine, with respiratory drive preservation, and propofol, with high effectiveness and rapid recovery, are preferred for children undergoing ambulatory MRI. General anesthesia using propofol or sevoflurane can also provide predictable rapid time to readiness and scan times in infants or children with comorbidities. The selection of appropriate drugs as well as sufficient monitoring equipment are vital for effective and safe sedation and anesthesia for ambulatory pediatric MRI.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.149-156
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of the heated-humidified breathing circuit applied on the body temperature, shivering, and thermal comfort of general anesthesia patients. Methods: The participants were patients who received general anesthesia at University Hospital K located in City B, with 25 patients in the experimental group and 25 patients in the control group. The period of this study was from Mar 19 to Apr 26, 2019. The experimental equipment included a heated-humidified breathing circuit, which connects the intubation tube with the anesthesia machine for mechanical ventilation after airway intubation in general anesthesia patients. Results: The body temperature, shivering, and thermal comfort after surgery were significantly different between the two groups (p<.001). However, the body temperature during surgery was slightly different between the experimental group and the control group. Conclusion: A heated-humidified breathing circuit may be actively used in a warming method to prevent the hypothermia of general anesthesia patients.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.245-264
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• 2024

Computer-controlled local anesthesia delivery (CCLAD) is an innovative electronic injection device that represents a cutting-edge approach to dental anesthesia. This system is promising for painless anesthesia using controlled anesthetic injections. This review aimed to compare the discomfort experienced by patients during local anesthesia using a traditional syringe and the CCLAD system and evaluate the potential of the CCLAD system as a painless dental anesthesia solution. The inclusion criteria for this study were based on the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The study population, including children and adults, underwent dental anesthesia using the CCLAD system, ensuring a comprehensive and representative sample that instills confidence in the validity of the results. Fourteen clinical trials were included in the analysis after they fulfilled the eligibility criteria. We found that using computer-assisted anesthetic equipment not only led to a significantly lower pain perception score, but also had a profound positive impact on patient behavior. Patients using the CCLAD device exhibited more cooperative and helpful conduct, indicating the system's effectiveness in improving patient comfort and experience and reassuring the audience about its positive impact. In conclusion, using a computer-assisted anesthetic device such as the CCLAD system significantly reduced pain perception scores and improved patient behavior, making them more cooperative and helpful. These findings offer hope for pediatric dentistry and apprehensive adult patients, suggesting a more comfortable and less daunting dental experience with the CCLAD system.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2013

Rats and mice are commonly used in experimental laboratories and anesthetic drugs are important for researchers to understand the details. Administration of fluids helps to stabilize the experimental animals before anesthesia via intravenously through the lateral vein in rats and in case of difficulty in catheterization and maintenance, fluids are usually administered as boluses. Large volumes of cool fluids will rapidly lead to hypothermia and all parenteral fluids must be warmed to body temperature before administration. Premedication with a sedative may ease induction with volatile anesthetic drugs. The first choice for rodent anesthesia is complete inhalational anesthesia. The second option is using injectable anesthesia. Recovery from the volatile agents that have been used rapid when the agent is no longer administered. Anesthetic monitoring equipment is an infant-size bell sthethoscope that can be used to ausculate the heart and lungs. Supplemental heating should be provided to reduce the heat loss supply and maintain core body temperature. The kinds of drugs, characteristics, route of administration and care after surgery were reviewed and summarized from the references. Anesthetic drugs, maintenance, monitoring and aftercare are important in the laboratories to keep the animal safe in all experimental procedures.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.253-256
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• 2001

One of the most serious complications of regional anesthesia is a neurological deficit. Although such a problem is very rare, obstetric patients may develop paresthesia and motor dysfuntion during the postoperative period in association with number of other factors, including direct nerve trauma, equipment problems, adhesive arachnoiditis, anterior spinal artery syndrome, epidural hematoma or abscess and adverse drug effect. We experienced a case of unilateral paraparesis following epidural anesthesia with 20 ml of 0.75% ropivacaine and $25{\mu}g$ of fentanyl in an obstetric patient.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.299-310
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• 2024

This study is an experimental design study before and after an unequal control group to confirm the effect of the anesthesia nursing practice education program on the patient safety culture and organizational communication satisfaction of the perianesthesia nurse. Data was collected from 56 perianesthesia nurses nationwide through a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 27.0 program to analyze with descriptive statistics. As a result, the patient safety culture interaction between time and the experimental group (F=6.04, p=.017) and the organizational communication satisfaction score interaction were significant (F=4.97, p=.030). This study is of nursing significance in that a clinical practice education program for anesthesia nursing of perianesthesia nurses was developed and applied to the practical field. Based on the results of this study, it is suggested to develop and apply various practical adaptation programs to improve the practical capabilities of working nurses in the PACU using rapidly developing medical equipment.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.531-537
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• 2022

Wide-awake, local anesthesia, no tourniquet (WALANT) is a technique that removes the requirement for operations to be performed with a tourniquet, general/regional anesthesia, sedation or an anesthetist. We reviewed the WALANT literature with respect to the diverse indications and impact of WALANT to discuss the importance of future surgical curriculum integration. With appropriate patient selection, WALANT may be used effectively in upper and lower limb surgery; it is also a useful option for patients who are unsuitable for general/regional anesthesia. There is a growing body of evidence supporting the use of WALANT in more complex operations in both upper and lower limb surgery. WALANT is a safe, effective, and simple technique associated with equivalent or superior patient pain scores among other numerous clinical and cost benefits. Cost benefits derive from reduced requirements for theater/anesthetic personnel, space, equipment, time, and inpatient stay. The lack of a requirement for general anesthesia reduces aerosol generating procedures, for example, intubation/high-flow oxygen, hence patients and staff also benefit from the reduced potential for infection transmission. WALANT provides a relatively, but not entirely, bloodless surgical field. Training requirements include the surgical indications, volume calculations, infiltration technique, appropriate perioperative patient/team member communication, and specifics of each operation that need to be considered, for example, checking of active tendon glide versus venting of flexor tendon pulleys. WALANT offers significant clinical, economic, and operative safety advantages when compared with general/regional anesthesia. Key challenges include careful patient selection and the comprehensive training of future surgeons to perform the technique safely.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.227-236
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• 2021

Background: Emergencies in outpatient clinics are rare. However, potentially catastrophic events can be challenging to manage due to a variety of factors, including limited equipment and staff. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to improve the staff knowledge and familiarity with critical performance elements for emergencies encountered in the setting of a periodontics clinic. Methods: Emergency cognitive aids tailored to the clinic's resources were created for anaphylaxis, airway obstruction, and sublingual hemorrhage. The project pre-post-test repeated measures design evaluated the effectiveness of cognitive aids using a combination of hands-on simulation, written knowledge assessments, and self-efficacy surveys. Training sessions and simulations were provided to the clinic's existing care teams made up of a periodontist and two dental assistants with an anesthetist who was present for simulations involving sedation. Due to the small sample size (N = 14) and non-normal distribution, all metrics were evaluated using non-parametric statistics. Results: Significant improvements were found in knowledge assessment (-2.310, P = 0.021) and self-efficacy (-2.486, P = 0.013) scores when retention after a training session before and after the introduction of cognitive aid was compared. The mean simulation scores and times improved steadily or reached maximum scores during the project progression. Conclusion: Training sessions before and after cognitive aid introduction were effective in improving knowledge, self-efficacy, and simulation performance. Future projects should focus on validating the process for creating contextualized cognitive aids and evaluating the effectiveness of these cognitive aids in larger samples.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.126-132
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• 2020

Objectives : The study is to report cases of open/closed types of epidermal cyst removed by surgical method with Bufonis Venenum pharmacopuncture. Methods : 2 patients were diagnosed each open/closed epidermal cyst. Local anesthesia was achieved with Bufonis Venenum pharmacopuncture. Incision was made using 15^th blade and the CO₂ Hani-maehwa laser. After cyst was removed, simple interrupted suture was performed. Eunkyo-san and Yeonkyopaedok-san were administered respectively for 7 days for anti-inflammatory effects. Results : Local anesthesia was maintained until epidermal cysts were clearly removed. The suture was removed after confirmation of skin adhesion. Adverse reactions were not reported. Conclusions : Epidermal cysts were removed surgically after Bufonis Venenum pharmacopuncture anesthesia and the risk of infection can be prevented by administering herbal medicines that have anti-inflammatory properties. It is difficult to visually diagnose closed type of epidermal cyst and then suggests that imaging equipment such as ultrasound is required.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.75 no.4
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• pp.135-139
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• 2013

Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is becoming a standard method for invasive mediastinal staging and for the diagnosis of paratracheal and peribronchial lesions. It is essential to understand the technical aspects of EBUS-TBNA to ensure safe and efficient procedures. In this review, we discuss the practical aspects to be considered during EBUS-TBNA, including anesthesia, manipulation of equipment, understanding mediastinal ultrasound images, target selection, number of aspirations needed per target, sample handling, and complications.