• 한국포장학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2019

The volume of parcel delivery is steadily increasing with the rapid growth of the global online e-commerce market. However, a large amount of packaging materials used for these parcel delivery is finally causing environmental problems as waste. The rapid increase of these packaging waste has been making many countries to research ways to reduce the generation of distribution packaging waste. In this study, we have measured the empty space ratio for 131 packagings of parcel delivery purchased through the several domestic online stores in order to investigate the present situation in connection with the degree of excessive or overpack in korean parcel delivery packagings, so that 64 packagings were exceeded 50% in the empty space ratio. And we have suggested ways to reduce the generation of distribution packaging waste raised by e-commerce-based parcel delivery through analyzing the previous research and case studies ; one is to optimize and minimize the packaging design by safe transit test(field-to-lab test), another is to develop a reusable & returnable transport packaging and system applicable in the domestic supply chain, the other is to regulate directly with a policy.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.453-459
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• 2020

모든 개발 무기체계는 원활한 작전운용을 위해 임의의 시간에 정상상태로 운용될 수 있는 확률을 높이는 것이 중요하다. 종합군수지원(Integrated Logistics Support, ILS)에서는 이 확률을 운용 가용도라고 하며, 개발 과정에서 해당 수치를 정량화하여 제시한다. 무기체계의 성공적인 개발을 위해 운용 가용도를 향상시킬 수 있는 방안은 여러 가지가 있다. 그 중 하나의 방안은 자동화시험장비(ATE)를 통해 수행하는 고장정비시간을 줄이는 것이다. 최근 방산시장에서의 고객은 이러한 점을 인식하고 무기체계 운용 가용도 향상을 위한 방안을 요구하고 있다. 그러므로 이 논문에서는 자동화시험장비 운용방식을 변경하여 무기체계의 운용 가용도를 향상시킬 수 있는 방안을 제시한다. 그 구체적인 방안은 야전정비요원이 야전정비지원을 부대에서 수행할 수 있도록 하는 것이다. 이는 대상품 시험을 위한 야전정비요원의 이동시간을 줄임으로써 무기체계 총 고장정비시간(Total Corrective Maintenance Time, TCM)을 감소시킬 수 있는 효과적인 방안이다. 제안된 자동화시험장비는 기존 대비 뛰어난 정비도 및 운용 가용도를 달성할 수 있음을 입증하였다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.15.1-15.10
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• 2018

Methane emission from the enteric fermentation of ruminant livestock is a main source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and a major concern for global warming. Methane emission is also associated with dietary energy lose; hence, reduce feed efficiency. Due to the negative environmental impacts, methane mitigation has come forward in last few decades. To date numerous efforts were made in order to reduce methane emission from ruminants. No table mitigation approaches are rumen manipulation, alteration of rumen fermentation, modification of rumen microbial biodiversity by different means and rarely by animal manipulations. However, a comprehensive exploration for a sustainable methane mitigation approach is still lacking. Dietary modification is directly linked to changes in the rumen fermentation pattern and types of end products. Studies showed that changing fermentation pattern is one of the most effective ways of methane abatement. Desirable dietary changes provide two fold benefits i.e. improve production and reduce GHG emissions. Therefore, the aim of this review is to discuss biology of methane emission from ruminants and its mitigation through dietary manipulation.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.511-518
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• 1997

For the perfect cure of rheumatoid arthritis, the ultimate hope of patients and therapist, it is necessary to find a patient early and treat him properly and to teach him what rheumatoid arthritis is. 1. Although rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic disease and its cause is uncertain matke the patient understand that there are many ways to reduce symptoms and to prevent deformation. 2. Explain the peculiarity and the procedure of rheumatoid arthritis to the patient and encourage him. 3. Teach the patient how to protect his arthrosises by showing him concrete movement. 4. Teach the patient or his family the ways to relieve rheumatoid arthritis easily in his house for continuous remedy. In order to make that remedy most effective for the patient, a complex and balanced treatment, considering medication, surgical teatment and rehabilitative treatment, has to be applied, which needs team work. Team work occurs when doctors, physiotherapists, nurses, nutritionists, clinical psychologists, prosthesis manufacturers, social workers, employment agents and the family of the patient work together. The members of the tern have to onderstand the procedure of the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and apply proper remedies according to the condition of the patient.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.326-329
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• 2002

Engine noise is one of the major causes of the interior noise, and so has been studied in various ways in recent days. Recently Intake noise has been extensively studied to reduce the engine noise. Conventional method to reduce the noise is adding several resonators to the induction system. However this causes a reduction of engine output power and an increase of fuel consumption. In this study, the prototype of Active Intake Noise Control System is developed by using the Filtered-x LMS algorithm to reduce the Intake noise during acceleration. Intake noise is more excessively increased when the engine is rapidly accelerated. So, Normalized LMS algorithm is applied to improve the control performance under the rapid acceleration.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 외부-사회문화적인 요인이 공직사회 부정부패 인식에 미치는 영향을 구조방정식 모델(SEM)을 통해 정량적으로 확인하고, 공직사회 부정부패를 줄이는 방안을 모색하는데 있다. 현재 국민들이 바라보는 공직 부정부패 수준은 상당하며, 더 나은 국가 경쟁력 제고를 위해서도 공직 부정부패를 지속적으로 감소시킬 필요가 있다. 시스템 이론이나 사회 연결망 이론에 비추어 공직사회도 한 국가의 일부로써 공직사회는 외부와 상호작용하고 있다는 확장된 인식을 바탕으로 한 연구가 필요하다. 600명의 설문 결과를 바탕으로 변수들이 정의되어 모델이 구축 되었으며, 분석결과 청탁금지법 시행 이후 공직부패는 줄어들었으며 사회문화적인 요인들이 공직사회에 부정부패에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 추후에는 공직 부정부패 감소를 위해서는 공직사회 자체적인 노력 외에도 국가 전체적인 시민사회의 교육과 인식의 전환 방안에 대한 구체적인 연구가 필요하다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.432-444
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• 2001

In this manuscript, several effective feeding and management systems to reduce environmental pollution in swine production have been briefly introduced. It is logical that reducing the excretion of nutrients in manure should be the first step to reduce the environmental impact of pig production. it is evident that the excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus can be reduced when more digestible or available feedstuffs are used. Also, it is well known that proper feed processing can reduce anti nutritional factors (ANF) and improve nutrient digestibilities. Supplementation of effective feed additives can reduce excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus due to efficient feed utilization. These include enzymes (e.g., phytase), antibiotics, probiotics, organic acids and growth hormones ($\beta$-agonists and porcine somatotropin). One of the most effective ways to reduce pollutants from swine manure is to use synthetic amino acids in feed manufacturing. Many studies showed that reduction of 2 to 4% unit (U) of dietary protein with supplemental amino acid (AA) could dramatically reduce (15 to 20%) nitrogen excretion. Regarding feeding strategies, it has been recognized that phase feeding regimen could be used to reduce nitrogen and phosphorous excretion by feeding pigs in better agreement with age and physiological state. Feeding barrows and gilts separately, known as split sex feeding, can also decrease excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus. With the increasing concerns on the negative impact of animal production systems on the environment, animal nutritionists and producers should be aware that sustainability of animal agriculture is as important as high production performance. Therefore, some feeding and management strategies described in this manuscript will help to reduce environmental pollution in swine production. Proper combination of feeding regimen and environment-friendly diet formulation through nutritional approach will be more effective to reduce nutrient excretion in swine production system compared to single approach to do so.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.192-198
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• 2021

Trustless, depression, happiness is a normal human emotion that everyone experiences at times. People face problems and hard circumstances every day due to an environment, social life, or traumatic developments in their lives. This study focused on a particular type of inconsistency patterns of behavior that experiences' students during the school time. Some students find depression interferes with their learning and test taking to such an extent that their grades are seriously affected. This study examined the awareness and readiness of a sample of Saudi Arabian high school teachers to recognize, understand, and respond to the ways in which students may respond to testing situations with depression. Findings suggest teachers learn from experience to use both direct and indirect ways to identify students with depression; employ test preparation and test taking strategies to help students reduce depression; and reach out to parents for additional assistance where teacher strategies are not sufficient.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.155-174
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• 2019

Variety of data have been opened or connected by several levels of government. In smart city initiatives, open data become the source of a new business model. This paper is to foster ways of public open data (POD) by analyzing the start-up company that utilizes POD. In order to fulfill it, this paper adapts the case study research. Findings say that POD has potential to validate and further enrich the platform business. But to find which types of public open data are most prevalent is insufficient. To do this, it is more needed that sophisticated and many cases should be examined. However, this paper shows that platform business by using POD could lead to reduce the cost and increase the benefits for both providers and customers. From the findings, this paper shows that public open data has an important role not only to boost new venture creations which are prevalent ways of smart city but also to foster different platforms enabling new value capture and creation according to development of internet of things based on ICT technology.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2009

Many researchers strive to research on ways on how to improve the performance of RFID system and many papers were written to solve one of the major drawbacks of potent technology related with data management. As RFID system captures billions of data, problems arising from dirty data and large volume of data causes uproar in the RFID community those researchers are finding ways on how to address this issue. Especially, effective data management is important to manage large volume of data. Data reduction techniques in attempts to address the issues on data are also presented in this paper. This paper introduces readers to a new data reduction algorithm that might be an alternative to reduce data in RFID Systems. A process on how to extract data from the reduced database is also presented. Performance study is conducted to analyze the new data reduction algorithm. Our performance analysis shows the utility and feasibility of our categorization reduction algorithms.