• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.584-591
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• 2018

This study was conducted to determine the levels of cognitive impairment (MMSE-K) among centenarians, and to reveal their association with related variables. The study subjects were 268 centenarians who received medical check-ups from the National Health Insurance Corporation during the period of 2016-2017. The levels of cognitive impairment were significantly reduced among females as well as those living with spouses and children, lower monthly income, lower BMI and individuals who engaged in smoking and alcohol consumption without regular exercise relative to their respective counterparts. The risk of definitive cognitive impairment in study subjects was significantly higher among women (ORs=9.85, 95% CI=2.88-33.59) than men and was lower in obese group (ORs=0.25, 95% CI=0.07-0.86) than in low weight groups, as well as in non-smoking (ORs=0.30, 95% CI=0.10-0.83) than smoking groups. The factors influencing the cognitive impairment of study subjects were sex, living status, monthly income, BMI and smoking status. Taken together, these results suggest that the levels of cognitive impairments among centenarians differed significantly in response to socio-demographic characteristics and health related variables. Especially, the levels of cognitive impairments decreased among those with poor health related variables such as smoking, alcohol consumption and regular exercise.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.242-254
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• 2022

Purpose: This study was designed to test structural equation modeling of the quality of life of elderly diagnosed dementia living in the community in order to provide guidelines for development of intervention and strategies to improve their quality of life. Methods: The participants in the study were elderly who visited the public health center in C rural between May 30 and september 15, 2017. Data collection was carried out through one-on-one interviews. Demographic factors, knowledge, Attitude, Self-Efficacy, social support, accessibility, request for Information, health practice, depression, subjective memory complaints, dependence scale and quality of life were investigated. Results: The final analysis included 192 elderly. Fitness of the hypothesis model was appropriate(χ²=192.89, p=.000, GFI=0.90, SRMR=0.08, NNFI=0.94, CFI=0.95, PNFI=0.72, RMSEA=0.07). Depression, subjective memory complaints and dependence were found to be significant explaining varience in quality of life. Social support, dementia preventive behavior and health practice had an indirect effect on the quality of life. Conclusions: To improve the quality of life of elderly diagnosed dementia living in the community, comprehensive interventions are necessary to manage knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, social support, health practice, depression, subjective memory complaints and dependence that can contribute to enchance the quality of life of elderly diagnosed dementia living in the community.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.36-45
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• 2010

Objectives: This study was performed to examine the healthy lifestyle influenced on the metabolic syndrome among the elderly in the rural area. We examined the changes of risk factors of metabolic syndrome after two years. Method: Out of 134 who did health screening at the J county health center from July 1 to August 31, 2006, 65 aged people confirmed to metabolism syndrome were selected as subjects. For the final analysis, 62 aged people who revisited after two years were selected our subjects. The data were analyzed using SPSS PC+ 12.0 program for descriptive, Chi-square test, t-test and ANOVA analysis. Result: The result of this study indicated that 62 metabolic syndrome patients in 2006 decreased into 53, and women were higher than men. The difference in the metabolic syndrome came from level of education, smoking, health practices, and past illness history. Conclusion: Therefore, the change of lifestyle needs to be induced by the level of education, and for the group of smoking, non-exercise, and past illness history not only regular checkups to prevent metabolic syndrome but also education to have interest on themselves may need intensively.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.3794-3803
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to find out the relationships between emotional labour and depressive symptoms among nurses in university hospitals. Subjects were 514 nurses working at three university hospitals in Daejeon City, and the survey was a structured self- administered questionnaire based from April 1 until May 31 2012. As a results, the level of depressive symptoms by the subjects emotional labour level was significantly higher in the group with higher total average points of the emotional labour than the lower group, As for the correlation between the level of depressive symptoms and emotional labour factors, the depressive symptoms points showed significant positive correlation with the total points of the emotional labour. As a result of hierarchical multiple regression, age, leisure time, coffee consumption, subjective health status, physical burden of work, sense of satisfaction at work, fit to the job and emotional labour were selected as significant variables and related variables effecting the level of depressive symptoms. These variables' descriptive power was 39.4%, especially, it can be seen that 11.0% descriptive power increased by putting the emotional labor variables. The results above imply that there is significant relation between emotional labor and depressive symptoms and various variables such as socio-demographic characteristics, health-related behavior factors and job-related factors. Also, it can be seen that the emotional labour and depressive symptoms showed significant positive correlation. Therefore, the development and implementation of a program to control emotional labor appropriately should be required for lowering the level of depressive symptoms.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.153-162
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• 2021

The study was conducted to identify the relationship between the e-cigarette smoking rate and demographic factors, health status and health behavior factors within the last one month of adults over 19 years of age, and to provide basic data for cessation education and health policy establishment to reduce the e-cigarette smoking rate. This is a secondary data analysis study using survey data of 22,908 people over the age of 19 who participated in the 2018 Community Health Survey in Seoul and the SAS program was used for analysis. Smoking rate of e-cigarettes within the last one month was 4.5%, and as a result of multivariate logistic regression analysis, factors related to e-cigarette smoking were sex, age, education level, occupation and general cigarette smoking status. In order to prevent e-cigarette smoking and reduce the smoking rate, education should first be given to professionals with educational backgrounds of college graduates or higher to inform the dangers of e-cigarettes. In addition, public relations and campaigns to inform the general public that e-cigarette smoking is no different from general cigarette smoking are required, and deployment of the same anti-smoking policy that treats e-cigarettes as general cigarettes is required.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.125-135
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• 2000

Hypertension is a well-known degenerative disease whose prevalence rate increases with age. Management of high blood pressure is a critical concern in preventive strategies to reduce the morbidity and mortality for cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to examine the dietary characteristics of hypertensive program participants, and to establish strategies based on their nutritional needs. Hypertensive patients were enrolled in the program in a public health center or in a local elderly center, at Suwon, in 1999-2000. Trained dietitians interviewed 62 enrollees(24-hour recall) and related variables. Mean body mass index of the subjects was 25.0kg/m². 30.7% of the subjects had a family history of hypertension. The majority of them ate regularly and partook of all available side dishes. They consumed grains and vegetables regularly, but seldom ate dairy products or food prepared with oil. Male enrollees frequently consumed more processed food and animal fat than did female enrollees(p<0.05). An analysis of the percentage of RDA(Recommended Dietary Allowances of Korea 1995) showed that but for ascorbic acid, enrollees consumed nutrients below the RDA. The food group intake pattern was not diverse, thus only 8.1% of enrollees consumed all food groups in a day. An analysis of eating attitude showed that 64.5% of enrollees always added salt to beef soup. Male enrollees showed low food-related self-efficacy compared to female enrollees, especially with reference to reduction of instant food intake(p<0.01), increase in vegetable intake(p<0.01), reduction of monosodium glutamate(MSG) intake(p<0.01). and not overeating(p<0.05). Their perceived barriers for participating in hypertension nutrition programs included lack of time, program necessity non-recognition, and program comprehension difficulty. These results suggest that nutrition education program necessity non-recognition, and program comprehension difficulty. These results suggest that nutrition education programs for community hypertensive patients should focus on increasing participant consumption of foods, expecially dairy products, and desirable eating attitudes. It also suggests that the program should consider should consider encouraging self-efficacy in changing eating behavior.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.465-478
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the level of subjective stress recognition and oral symptom experiences including toothache, gum diseases, and oral soft tissue diseases in the Korean adolescents. Methods: The subjects were 68,043 adolescents recruited using a web-based survey, National Korean Youth Risk Behavior in 2015 by the Korean Center for Disease Control. For statistical analysis, SPSS 21.0 for Windows was used. Descriptive analysis and a Chi-square test were conducted to determine the factors associated with general characteristics, health behaviors, oral health behaviors, and level of subjective stress recognition. Finally, to investigate the relationship between the level of subjective stress recognition and oral symptom experiences, logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: Toothache related subjective stress recognition level was significantly higher in the moderate group with the score of 1.59 (95% CI; 1.49-1.68), and was greater in the high group with 2.38 (95% CI; 2.24-2.53) compared to the low group. Gum disease related subjective stress recognition level was significantly higher in the moderate group with 1.41 (95% CI; 1.32-1.51), and was greater in the high group with 1.99 (95% CI; 1.86-2.13). Oral soft tissue disease related subjective stress recognition level was significantly higher in the moderate group with 1.59 (95% CI; 1.45-1.74), and was greater in the high group with 2.55 (95% CI; 2.33-2.79). Bad breath related subjective stress recognition level was significantly higher in the moderate group with 1.48 (95% CI; 1.39-1.57), and was greater in the high group with 2.10 (95% CI; 1.97-2.25). Conclusions: Higher subjective stress recognition level was found to affect the oral symptoms experienced. Therefore, the stress management plan should be prepared through the cause identification of the main stress in the adolescents. Practical and systematic education is needed for oral health management in the schools.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.543-554
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• 2016

This study examined the fatigue and its association with job stress among male workers engaged in small-scale manufacturing industries. The study subjects were 553 male workers under 50 members of manufacturing industries. The study survey was a structured questionnaire of the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) and Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (MFS) during April, 2015. The data were analyzed using the SPSS ver 21.0 program. The results showed that the high risk fatigue group was significantly higher in the high risk group of job stress than in the normal group of job stress. Fatigue was positively correlated with job stress. The odds ratio of the high risk fatigue group were increased significantly in the high risk group of job stress than in the normal group of job stress. The factors of influence with explanatory powers of 27.7% on fatigue included age, marital status, educational level, subject health status, sleeping time, drinking coffee, job tenure, shift work, visiting out-patient department, sense of satisfaction in job life, and job stress. Fatigue was associated with the sociodemographic characteristics, health behavior related characteristics, job-related characteristics, and job stress.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.247-256
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• 2017

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Easy access to intervention and support for certain behaviors is important for obesity prevention and management. The available technology such as smartphone applications can be used for intervention regarding healthy food choices for obesity prevention and management in elementary-school students. The transtheoretical model (TTM) is comprised of stages and processes of change and can be adopted to tailored education for behavioral change. This study aims to develop TTM-based nutrition contents for mobile applications intended to change eating behaviors related to weight gain in young children. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A synthesized algorithm for tailored nutrition messages was developed according to the intake status of six food groups (vegetables, fruits, sugar-sweetened beverages, fast food and instant food, snacks, and late-night snacks), decision to make dietary behavioral changes, and self-confidence in dietary behavioral changes. The messages in this study were developed from December 2014 to April 2015. After the validity evaluation of the contents through expert consultation, tailored nutrition information messages and educational contents were developed based on the TTM. RESULTS: Based on the TTM, stages of subjects are determined by their current intake status, decision to make dietary behavioral changes, and self-confidence in dietary behavioral changes. Three versions of tailored nutrition messages at each TTM stage were developed so as to not send the same messages for three weeks at most, and visual materials such as figures and tables were developed to provide additional nutritional information. Finally, 3,276 tailored nutrition messages and 60 nutrition contents for applications were developed. CONCLUSIONS: Smartphone applications may be an innovative medium to deliver interventions for eating behavior changes directly to individuals with favorable cost-effectiveness. In addition, using the TTM for tailored nutrition education for healthy eating is an effective approach.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.226-236
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to get descriptive statistics of the contributing factors for early childhood caries and to predict the relationship of dietary, behavior factors and health status factors of the mother and child at pregnancy and after birth. 411 first caregivers of 5-year-old children in 12 kindergartens in Kangnung city were selected by stratified random cluster sampling. They were asked to fill out questionnaires and 364 of them responded. The obtained results were as follow: 1. Over the three-Fourth of children used nursing bottle or had breast feeding habit beyond the age of 1 year. 2. 8.7% of respondents didn't recognize the necessity of the preventive measures immediate after eruption of primary tooth, and only 35.1% replied that they had begun tooth cleaning. 3. Over 90% of children brush the teeth more than once per day. But over half (614%) of them brush their teeth without parents instruction. Sixty percent of children eat between the meals as often as 1-3 time(s) a day and the remainder at any times. 4. The first time of dental visit was for most children (87%) at over 3 years, recommending the earlier dental visit. Notwithstanding the rate of routine dental visit experience was relatively high(40.2%), implicating positive parents' attitude about oral health at Kangnung area. 5. The relationships between oral health state of the parents and the variables such as the timing of the first tooth cleaning, the frequency of brushing, the time of first dental visit, and the reason of first dental visit were not statistically significant. Together, there was no statistically significant difference between rural and urban area, private and public kindergarten, and boy and girl($x^2-test$, p>.05 or Fisher's exact test, p>.05).