• Title/Summary/Keyword: anatomy

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The clinical anatomy of the accessory submandibular gland: a comprehensive review

  • Andrea Yazbeck;Joe Iwanaga;Jerzy A. Walocha;Lukasz Olewnik;R. Shane Tubbs
    • Anatomy and Cell Biology
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    • v.56 no.1
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    • pp.9-15
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    • 2023

  • An accessory submandibular gland is a rare variation. As such, there is limited literature regarding the embryology, anatomy, variations, clinical imaging, and pathology of the accessory submandibular gland. In this article, we review the existing literature on the accessory submandibular gland from clinical and anatomical perspectives. The goal of this review is to provide comprehensive knowledge of this variation which can be useful for oral and maxillofacial/head and neck surgeons, radiologists, and anatomists. Within this review, the embryologic origin as well as the anatomy of the accessory submandibular gland is detailed. Several imaging modalities which can be used to visualize the accessory submandibular gland are outlined as well as its variations. Lastly, this review investigates several reported clinical considerations regarding the accessory submandibular gland including sialoliths, Wharton's duct obstruction, and pleomorphic adenoma.

  • https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.22.118 인용 PDF

Surgical Anatomy of Temporalis Muscle Transfer with Fascia Lata Augmentation for the Reanimation of the Paralyzed Face: A Cadaveric Study

  • Yi Zhang;Johannes Steinbacher;Wolfgang J. Weninger;Ulrike M. Heber;Lukas Reissig;Erdem Yildiz;Chieh-Han J. Tzou
    • Archives of Plastic Surgery
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    • v.50 no.1
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    • pp.42-48
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    • 2023

  • Background The temporalis muscle flap transfer with fascia lata augmentation (FLA) is a promising method for smile reconstruction after facial palsy. International literature lacks a detailed anatomical analysis of the temporalis muscle (TPM) combined with fascia lata (FL) augmentation. This study aims to describe the muscle's properties and calculate the length of FL needed to perform the temporalis muscle flap transfer with FLA. Methods Twenty nonembalmed male (m) and female (f) hemifacial cadavers were dissected to investigate the temporalis muscle's anatomy. Results The calculated minimum length of FL needed is 7.03cm (f) and 5.99cm (m). The length of the harvested tendon is 3.16cm/± 1.32cm (f) and 3.18/± 0.73cm (m). The length of the anterior part of the temporalis muscle (aTPM) is 4.16/± 0.80cm (f) and 5.30/± 0.85cm (m). The length of the posterior part (pTPM) is 5.24/± 1.51cm (f) and 6.62/± 1.03cm (m). The length from the most anterior to the most posterior point (aTPMpTPM) is 8.60/± 0.98cm (f) and 10.18/± 0.79cm (m). The length from the most cranial point to the distal tendon (cTPMdT) is 7.90/± 0.43cm (f) and 9.79/± 1.11cm (m). Conclusions This study gives basic information about the temporalis muscle and its anatomy to support existing and future surgical procedures in their performance. The recommended minimum length of FL to perform a temporalis muscle transfer with FLA is 7.03cm for female and 5.99cm for male, and minimum width of 3 cm. We recommend harvesting some extra centimeters to allow adjusting afterward.

  • https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1758469 인용 PDF

A biceps-bicaudatus sartorius muscle: dissection of a variant with possible clinical implications

  • Konstantinos Natsis;Christos Koutserimpas;Trifon Totlis;George Triantafyllou;George Tsakotos;Katerina Al Nasraoui;Filippos Karageorgos;Maria Piagkou
    • Anatomy and Cell Biology
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    • v.57 no.1
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    • pp.143-146
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    • 2024

  • The current cadaveric report describes an unusual morphology of the sartorius muscle (SM), the biceps-bicaudatus variant. The SM had two (lateral and medial) heads, with distinct tendinous origins from the anterior superior iliac spine. The lateral head was further split into a lateral and a medial bundle. The anterior cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve emerged between the origins of the lateral and medial heads. SM morphological variants are exceedingly uncommon, with only a few documented cases in the literature, and several terms used for their description. Although their rare occurrence, they may play an important role in the differential diagnosis of entrapment syndromes, in cases of neural compressions, such as meralgia paresthetica, while careful dissection during the superficial inter-nervous plane of the direct anterior hip approach is of utmost importance, to avoid adverse effects due to the altered SM morphology.

  • https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.23.254 인용 PDF