• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.423-429
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• 2020

Purpose: Alimentary tract duplication (ATD) is a rare congenital condition that may occur throughout the intestinal tract. Clinical symptoms are generally related to the involved site, size of duplication, or associated ectopic mucosa. This study aimed to identify clinical implications by anatomical locations and age group and then suggest a relevant management according to its distinct features. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of pediatric patients who received a surgical management due to ATD. Furthermore, data including patients' demographics, anatomical distribution of the duplication, clinical features according to anatomical variants, and outcomes were compared. Results: A total of 25 patients were included in this study. ATD developed most commonly in the midgut, especially at the ileocecal region. The most common clinical presentation was abdominal pain, a sign resulting from intestinal obstruction, gastrointestinal bleeding, and intussusception. The non-communicating cystic type was the most common pathological feature in all age groups. Clinically, prenatal detection was relatively low; however, it usually manifested before the infantile period. A laparoscopic procedure was performed in most cases (18/25, 72.0%), significantly in the midgut lesion (p=0.012). Conclusion: ATD occurs most commonly at the ileocecal region, and a symptomatic one may usually be detected before the early childhood period. Surgical management should be considered whether symptom or not regarding its symptomatic progression, and a minimal invasive procedure is the preferred method, especially for the midgut lesion.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.115-127
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• 2005

Two anatomical features of leaves, transverse section of midribs and petioles, were examined for nine species of five genera of Thymelaeaceae, Daphne L. -4 spp., Diarthron Turcz. -1 sp., Edgeworthia Meisn. -1 sp., Stellera L. -1 sp., Wikstroemia Endl. -2 sp., using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In terms of shape of upper side, three types were observed, i.e., flattened, depressed, and raised. Outline of petioles is mostly semi-circular or circular in transverse section, with two distinct wings/weakly developed wings or without wings. Other characters besides anatomical features of leaves such as vascular bundle tissues, crystal, tannin are also described in details. Finally, we briefly discussed the systematic significance of the anatomical features of leaves for identification of Korean Thymelaeaceae.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.25
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• pp.27-34
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• 2021

A Goryeo-era mother-of-pearl-inlaid incense box in the collection of the National Museum of Korea, a major example of Goryeo dynasty cultural heritage, presents a comprehensive view of the production techniques and aesthetic expressions of its time. This study investigated the type of wood and the techniques used to make the framework of the box, knowledge that was necessary for its restoration. It also examined anatomical characteristics of the shell providing the mother-of-pearl. The incense box was found to be made of cedar, which suggests that there was trade in cedar with Japan. A band was attached to the lower portion of the lid by applying what the author describes as a "wrinkle-bending" technique at the corners. Wooden pegs were used to combine the top and side panels, probably for more efficient use of the thin wooden boards. The investigation of the anatomical features of the mother-of-pearl inlay identified a laminated structure of thin plates. These features are observed in certain shellfish, and further study would be required to accurately identify the type of shell.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.27-33
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• 2018

Objectives : The roots of Dipsacus asper had been used as the herbal medicine "Cheon-Sokdan" in Korea. Moreover, the roots of Phlomoides umbrosa were used as "Han-Sokdan." In the present study, a comparative anatomical comparison of Cheon-Sokdan, Han-Sokdan, and Ilbon-Sokdan were conducted, because Ilbon-Sokdan, the roots of Dipsacus japonicus, was regarded as substitute of Cheon-Sokdan. Methods : For this study, permanent preparations were made using a paraffin embedding method. Anatomical features of these three Sokdans were observed using a light microscope. Results : The starch grains of parenchyma cells and the amounts of calcium oxalate crystals hardly differed among the three plants. Particularly, the longitudinally-sectioned vessels of the three plants showed a wide variety depending on the focal depth of the light microscope. Therefore, these features could not be considered as obligate criteria for distinguishing these plants. The shape of the xylem was linear in Cheon-Sokdan and Ilbon-Sokdan, whereas that in Han-Sokdan was wedge-shaped. The phloem of Cheon-Sokdan and Ilbon-Sokdan were rhomboid, whereas that of Han-Sokdan was thimble-like. Therefore, the shape of xylem and phloem appeared as good criteria for distinguishing Han-Sokdan from the other plants studied. Cheon-Sokdan and Ilbon-Sokdan showed characteristics similar in many parts. However, in the xylem of Ilbon-Sokdan, fiber bundles were more developed than those of Cheon-Sokdan. Therefore, the development of fiber bundles in xylem was considered suitable for distinguishing between Cheon-Sokdan and Ilbon-Sokdan. Conclusions : The identification-keys established in this study would be helpful for identifying microscopic features among the three Sokdans.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.233-242
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• 2021

Various anatomical MRI imaging biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) identification have been recognized so far. Cortical and subcortical volume, hippocampal, amygdala volume, and genetics patterns have been utilized successfully to diagnose AD patients from healthy. These fundamental sMRI bio-measures have been utilized frequently and independently. The entire possibility of anatomical MRI imaging measures for AD diagnosis might thus still to analyze fully. Thus, in this paper, we merge different structural MRI imaging biomarkers to intensify diagnostic classification and analysis of Alzheimer's. For 54 clinically pronounce Alzheimer's patients, 58 cognitively healthy controls, and 99 Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI); we calculated 1. Cortical and subcortical features, 2. The hippocampal subfield, amygdala nuclei volume using Freesurfer (6.0.0) and 3. Genetics (APoE ε4) biomarkers were obtained from the ADNI database. These three measures were first applied separately and then combined to predict the AD. After feature combination, we utilize the sequential feature selection [SFS (wrapper)] method to select the top-ranked features vectors and feed them into the Multi-Kernel SVM for classification. This diagnostic classification algorithm yields 94.33% of accuracy, 95.40% of sensitivity, 96.50% of specificity with 94.30% of AUC for AD/HC; for AD/MCI propose method obtained 85.58% of accuracy, 95.73% of sensitivity, and 87.30% of specificity along with 91.48% of AUC. Similarly, for HC/MCI, we obtained 89.77% of accuracy, 96.15% of sensitivity, and 87.35% of specificity with 92.55% of AUC. We also presented the performance comparison of the proposed method with KNN classifiers.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.1323-1331
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• 2021

Objective: To identify the association between renal tumor complexity and pathologic renal sinus invasion (RSI) and evaluate the usefulness of computed tomography tumor features for predicting RSI in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 276 consecutive patients who underwent radical nephrectomy for RCC with a size of ≤ 7 cm between January 2014 and October 2017. Tumor complexity and anatomical renal sinus involvement were evaluated using two standardized scoring systems: the radius (R), exophytic or endophytic (E), nearness to collecting system or sinus (N), anterior or posterior (A), and location relative to polar lines (RENAL) nephrometry and preoperative aspects and dimensions used for anatomical classification (PADUA) system. CT-based tumor features, including shape, enhancement pattern, margin at the interface of the renal sinus (smooth vs. non-smooth), and finger-like projection of the mass, were also assessed by two independent radiologists. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify significant predictors of RSI. The positive predictive value, negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy of anatomical renal sinus involvement, and tumor features were evaluated. Results: Eighty-one of 276 patients (29.3%) demonstrated RSI. Among highly complex tumors (RENAL or PADUA score ≥ 10), the frequencies of RSI were 42.4% (39/92) and 38.0% (71/187) using RENAL and PADUA scores, respectively. Multivariable analysis showed that a non-smooth margin and the presence of a finger-like projection were significant predictors of RSI. Anatomical renal sinus involvement showed high NPVs (91.7% and 95.2%) but low accuracy (40.2% and 43.1%) for RSI, whereas the presence of a non-smooth margin or finger-like projection demonstrated comparably high NPVs (90.0% and 91.3% for both readers) and improved accuracy (67.0% and 73.9%, respectively). Conclusion: A non-smooth margin or the presence of a finger-like projection can be used as a preoperative CT-based tumor feature for predicting RSI in patients with RCC.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.81-88
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• 2011

Objective : The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical and anatomic features involved in determining treatment modalities for anterior communicating artery (AcoA) aneurysms. Methods : The authors retrospectively evaluated 112 AcoA aneurysms with pretreatment clinical features including age, Hunt and Hess grade, medical or neurological comorbidity, and anatomical features including aneurysm size, neck size, dome-to-neck ratio, vessel incorporation, multiple lobulation, and morphologic scoring system. Post-treatment clinical results were classified according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale, and anatomic results in coiled patients were classified according to the modified Raymond scale. Using multivariate logistic regression, the probabilities for decision making between surgical clipping and coil embolization were calculated. Results : Sixty-seven patients (60%) were treated with surgical clipping and 45 patients (40%) with endovascular coil embolization. The clinical factor significantly associated with treatment decision was age (${\geq}$65 vs. <65 years) and anatomical factors including aneurysm size (small or large vs. medium), dome-to-neck ratio (<2 vs. ${\geq}$2), presence of vessel incorporation, multiple lobulation, and morphologic score (${\geq}$2 vs. <2). In multivariate analysis, older patients (age, 65 years) had significantly higher odds of being treated with coil embolization relative to clipping (adjusted OR=3.78; 95% CI, 1.39-10.3; p=0.0093) and higher morphological score patients (${\geq}$2) had a higher tendency toward surgical clipping than endovascular coil embolization (OR=0.23; 95% CI, 0.16-0.93; p=0.0039). Conclusion : The optimal decision for treating AcoA aneurysms cannot be determined by any single clinical or anatomic characteristics. All clinical and morphological features need to be considered, and a collaborative neurovascular team approach to AcoA aneurysms is essential.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.78 no.2
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• pp.119-131
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• 1989

This experiment was executed to investigate and compare qualitative and quantitative anatomical features in compression wood, opposite wood, and side wood formed in a bent stem, a straight branch, and an exposed horizontal root of Korean red pine(Pinus densiflora S. et Z.). The respective four discs containing compression wood taken at 20cm interval both in stem and branch as well as a disc containing well developed compression wood from horizontal root were analyzed. Percentage of compression wood and eccentricity showed decreasing tendency with the increasing distance in height direction of stem and length direction of branch. The qualitative anatomical features of compression wood appeared to differ from those of side and opposite wood in very gradual tracheid transition from earlywood to latewood, roundish tracheid shape on cross surface, tracheid distortion at tip on radial surface, existence of intercellular space, and helical cavity in tracheid wall. And the differences in these qualitative features among the compression wood, opposite wood, and side wood became less intensive with the decreasing trends in percentage of compression wood and eccentricity. The quantitative anatomical features in compression wood also appeared to be wider in that respective widths of fusiform and uniseriate ray than those of opposite and side wood, but the heights of fusiform and uniseriate ray in compression wood were smaller than in opposite and side wood. The number of horizontal resin canal(fusiform ray) and uniseriate ray, however, showed no differences among the compression wood, opposite wood, and side wood. And the number of vertical resin canal in unit area, $4{\pi}mm^2$ of compression wood was fewer than that in opposite wood, whereas numerous vertical resin canals contained in a growth ring. These rays of compression wood seemed to be characterized by smaller height and wider width than those of opposite and side wood.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.99-101
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• 2005

This review of the Korean eye anatomy suggests that there may be unsuspected links between anatomical characteristics of the eye and orbit, and optical performance.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.261-267
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• 2007

This report describes the wood anatomy and 1% safranine solution penetration depth in radial and longitudinal directions of Anthocephalus chinensis belonging to the family Rubiaceae native to Bangladesh. The wood of this species was mostly characterized by diffuse porous, vessel with simple perforation plate, vestured alternate intervessel pittings, relatively medium vessel elements and fiber, and nonseptate fiber with distinctly bordered pits at radial wall. The body ray cell was procumbent with 2 to over 4 rows of upright and square marginal cells. Sometimes, the rays with procumbent, square and upright cells were mixed. Latewood fiber was thin to thick walled while it was very thin walled in earlywood. Axial parenchyma was diffuse, vasicentric, 5-8 cells per parenchyma strand dominantly present. Liquid penetration depth was observed in radial and longitudinal directions at moisture level of 7.42%. Longitudinal penetration was found 6.3 times higher than radial penetration. The initial penetration rate of safranine solution was high, but gradually decreased during the course of time. Different anatomical features were found to be responsible for the variation of safranine solution penetration depth compared to Gmelina arborea.