• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.323-332
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• 1997

In order to use analog more systematically in science class, an instructional model was designed on the basis of analogical reasoning processes (encoding, inference, mapping, application, and response) in the Sternberg's component process theory. The model has five phases (introducing target context, cue retrieval of analog context, mapping similarity and drawing target concept, application, and elaboration), and the instructional effects of using the model upon students' comprehension of science concepts and motivation level of learning were investigated. The treatment and control groups (1 class each) were selected from 8th-grade classes and taught about chemical change and chemical reaction for the period of 10 class hours. The treatment group was taught with the materials based on the model, while the control group was taught in traditional instruction without using analog. Before the instructions, modified versions of the Patterns of Adaptive Learning Survey and the Group Assessment of Logical Thinking were administered, and their scores were used as covariates for students' conceptions and motivational level of learning, respectively. Analogical reasoning ability test was also administered, and its score was used as a blocking variable. After the instructions, students' conceptions were measured by a researcher-made science conception test, and their motivational level of learning was measured by a modified version of the Instructional Materials Motivation Scale. The results indicated that the adjusted mean score of the conception test for the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group at .01 level of significance. No significant interaction between the instruction and the analogical reasoning ability was found. Although the motivational level of learning for the treatment group was higher than that for the control group, the difference was found to be statistically insignificant. Educational implications are discussed.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.486-501
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• 2012

The aims of this study are to investigate two main problems for the hypothetico-deduction method and to develop a scientific inquiry model to resolve these problems. The structure of this scientific inquiry model consists of accounts of the context of discovery and justification that the hypothetico-deduction holds as two main problems : 1) the heuristic flaw in the hypothetico-deduction method is that there is no limit to creating hypotheses to explain natural phenomena; 2) Logically, this brings into question affirming the consequent and modus tollens. The features of the model are as follows: first, the generation of hypotheses using an analogical abduction and the selection of hypotheses using consilience and simplicity; second, the expansion phase as resolution for the fallacy of affirming the consequent and the recycle phase as resolution for modus tollens involving auxiliary hypotheses. Finally, we examine the establishment process of Copernicus's Heliocentric Hypothesis and the main role of the history of science for the historical invalidity of this scientific inquiry model based on three examples of If/and/then type of explanation testing suggested by Lawson (International journal of science and Mathematics Education, 2005a, 3(1): 1-5) We claim that this hypotheticho-deduction process involving abduction approach produced favorable in scientific literacy rising for science teacher as well as students.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.827-831
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• 1996

In this work, we propose the algorithm of similarities and design parameters by which can have a design model cmploying the analogical inference analogy. The physical characteristics for the instrument model forms the foundation of the proposed method and are brought to researchers and designers which build the systematizatio design using a computer.

• 한국조명전기설비학회지:조명전기설비
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.34-36
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• 1997

기계기구의 설계나 개발시 개발제품의 표준화 및 양호한 호환성, 공작상 공기의 단축, 가격저하등의 장점을 갖는 계열화 설계기법으로 CAE에의한 방법을 소개했다. 특히 대형기기에서부터 초정밀 기기 등에 대한 설계나 개발시 표본모델을 선정하고 그로부터 물리적이고 기술적인 부분의 면밀한 분석을 통해서 고유한 특징을 추출하고 이에 대한 유추론적 수학의 해석으로서 추구하고자 하는 크게에 대한 특성 실험을 예측할 수 있고 최적 설계상의 데이터를 사전에 검증하므로 수요자가 요구하는 설계 표본을 이끌어 낼 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 설계자가 계산기를 이용한 계열화 설계에 있어서의 유추론적 알고리즘과 설계정수 및 제한요소들의 처리 방법을 제시하고 각종 임의의 계열화 기기에 대한 단계별 기능 및 기술적인 데이터의 유도 과정을 액츄에이터를 모델로 선정하여 분석했다.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.266-269
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• 2002

This paper explores a fundamental study of acquiring the users' KANSEI information regarding the recognition of shape models. Since there are many differences such as background differences and knowledge differences among users, they will produce different evaluations based on their KANSEI even when an identical shape model is presented. Cluster analysis is proved to be available for catching a group tendency and for constructing a mapping relation between a description of the shape model and the HANSEl database. In order to investigate an analogical relation and a mutual influence in our consciousness, first, we made a questionnaire that asked subjects to represent images having different colors and shape cones by using 4 pairs of adjectives (KANSEI words). Next, based on the cluster analysis of the questionnaire using a fuzzy set theory, we proposed a hypothesis showing how the analogical relation and the mutual influence work in our mind while viewing the shape models. Furthermore, how the properties of KANSEI depend on their descriptions was also investigated by virtue of the cluster analysis. This work will be valuable to construct a personal KANSEI database regarding the Shape Model Processing System.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 1999년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.218-221
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• 1999

We introduce the systematization design method using similarity theory which is profitable in the compatability, the reduction of construction time and price. The design method can make us predict the characteristic experiment for the magnitude we desire as the expression equation applied continuously. We can induce the design sample the user demand with the verification of the data on optimum design previously. Therefore, in case of designing and developing the products, systematization design method is very useful for the standardization of the developed goods, compatability, the reduction of construction time and price. In this paper, we presented the analogical algorithms of systematization design using similarity theory, design factors and processing method of the restriction factors. Also, we analyzed the output voltage in terms of input voltage and displacement as choosing a differential transformer as the model.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.61-73
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• 1998

This research suggests science inquiry play of analogy as a teaming method to help the students in concrete operational stage to develop scientific thinking skills and to understand abstract science conceptions. The research focuses on/considers the characteristics and merits of the science inquiry plays, and the learning method by analogical reasoning. This learning through the science inquiry play of analogy can be considered as a meta-model for scientific thinking skill. The learning has the following processes: 1) Students analogize the abstract science conceptions and facts into play-type activities including the concrete contents such as students themselves, their physical-sensory motions, concrete objects, play methods, and play rules. 2) Students as analogized objects play a role physically and sensuously according to the methods and rules analogized in the play. 3) Students find out the concrete contents included in the science inquiry play of analogy, draw the results, and deduce the new conceptions from the results by reflective thinking and analogical reasoning.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2013

정보 교과는 정보과학적 사고와 원리를 통해 창의적 문제해결력 함양을 교육목표로 하며, 문제 해결 방법과 절차 단원을 통하여 알고리즘 학습을 강조한다. 알고리즘 학습이 문제해결력 향상에 효과가 있다는 선행연구들을 바탕으로 창의적 문제해결력 향상에도 효과를 입증하는 연구들이 이루어지고 있다. 그러나 이러한 연구들이 알고리즘 내용보다는 CPS와 같은 교수학습 모형이나 콘텐츠에 의존하고 있기 때문에 알고리즘 학습의 중요성이 상대적으로 약해질 수 있다. 본 연구는 일반적인 문제해결과정과 창의적 문제해결과정이 동일하다는 관점에서 알고리즘 학습이 창의적 문제해결력 향상에 효과가 있음을 검증한다. 이를 위하여 일반적인 사고 가운데 창의적인 사고로 간주되는 유추 추론(analogical reasoning)에 대하여 살펴보고, 유추 추론에 필요한 바탕 지식으로 분할 정복 알고리즘을 선택하였다. 퀵 정렬 알고리즘 학습 실험 결과, 분할 정복 알고리즘의 원리 학습한 실험집단과 알고리즘의 절차만 학습한 통제집단이 퀵 정렬 문제를 해결하는 비율에는 차이가 없었으나, 탐색 문제에서는 실험집단이 통제집단 보다 이진 탐색을 사용하는 비율이 더 높았다. 이는 분할 정복과 같은 추상적인 원리를 포함하는 알고리즘 학습이 새로운 영역의 문제를 해결하는 유추 추론에 효과가 있으며, 이는 창의적 문제해결력 향상으로 이어질 수 있음을 의미한다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.179-191
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• 2023

To study the influences of tunneling on the earth pressure and ground settlement when the tunnel passes through the adjacent underground retaining structure, 30 two-dimensional model tests were carried out taking into account the ratios of tunnel excavation depth (H) to lateral width (w), excavation width (B), and excavation distance using a custom-made test device and an analogical soil. Tunnel crossing adjacent existing retaining structure (TCE) and tunnel crossing adjacent newly-built retaining structure (TCN) were simulated and the earth pressure variations and ground settlement distribution during excavation were analyzed. For TCE condition, the earth pressure increments, maximum ground settlement and the curvature of the ground settlement curve are negatively related to H/B, but positively related to H/s and H/w. For TCN condition, most trends are consistent with TCE except that the earth pressure increments and the curvature of ground settlement curve are negatively related to H/w. The maximum ground settlement is larger than that observed in tunnel crossing the existing underground structure. This study provides an assessment basis for the design and construction under confined space conditions.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.522-537
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• 2013

이 연구는 과학적 문제해결을 위한 소집단 논의과정에서 생성된 비유의 수준, 상호작용, 결과 예측에 대한 불확실성을 분석하여 설명적 모델과의 관계를 논의하였다. 이 연구의 참여자는 4년제 K 대학에 재학 중인 대학생 8명으로 4명 2개조로 편성되어 과학적 문제해결과제를 수행하였다. 연구 참여자들은 개별적으로 과학적 문제해결과제 수행한 이후, 조별로 모여 논의에 참여하였다. 이후 다시 개별적 면담을 통해 소집단 논의 활동을 통한 사고의 변화를 알아보았다. 이 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 논의 과정에서 속성/실체 수준의 비유는 논의 과정에서 어떠한 실체나 속성의 특징을 보다 명료하게 이해시키기 위해 사용되었다. 논의과정에서 생성된 공간적 배치/움직임 수준의 비유는 다른 참여자가 문제해결결과를 예측하는데 불확실성을 낮추어주었다. 메커니즘/인과성 수준의 비유 생성은 문제 상황의 구조를 변화시켜 다른 참여자가 설명적 모델을 재구성하는데 도움을 주거나, 자신이 생성한 메커니즘을 정당화하기 위해 메커니즘 상황이 유지된 채 이전에는 경험하지 못하였던 새로운 상황을 떠올려 적용하는 형태의 비유로 생성되었으며, 이를 통해 논의과정에서 사고실험의 생성 사례를 확인할 수 있었다. 소집단 과정에서 생성된 비유의 변화를 살펴보면, 논의과정에서 각 개인의 비유 패러다임은 생산적 패러다임, 수용-생산 패러다임, 생산-수용 패러다임, 수용 패러다임으로 나타났다. 설명적 모델의 생성과 재구성은 비유의 생산적 패러다임에서 나타났으며, 비유의 수용적 패러다임에서 예측이 바뀌거나, 예측에 대한 불확실성이 달라졌다.