• 패션비즈니스
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.45-60
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• 2009

This study examined the efficacy of restraining the increase of the bacteria colony of scalp according to the application of the Ayurvedic base oils and essential oils to scalp and hair. The result is as follows. The experiment illustrated that as the result of doing the paired sample t-test of a treated group and a control group according to constitutional oiling, the efficacy of the statistically significant decrease of the colony manifested in six tested groups except the group of Pitta constitution to which sesame and lavender were applied. Also, in a group that sesame was applied to Vata constitution and a group that coconut and lavender were applied to Pitta constitution, according to the passage of time, the result of being reduced the number of the colony was obtained and it showed that the oiling suitable for each constitution has the efficacy to decrease the colony of scalp. At the same time, regardless of the constitutions, the application of oils also showed the efficacy of restraining the increase of the bacteria colony of scalp. As the result of performing Paired Sample t-test for the subjective evaluation of the subjects in pre and post clinical testing, In the analysis of questionnaire that were obtained before and after the clinical testing, the results of all of the items except the item questioning a degree of inflammation appeared to be significant. That is to say, the subjects answered that a degree of keratin or a pain in scalp, an amount of sebum and a degree of hair damage were decreased after the application of oil more than before it. And in the question of a degree of hair damage, the application of oils were proved as having the efficacy to improve the hair damage.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제84권6호
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• pp.733-741
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• 2022

The amount of natural gas that is used on a worldwide scale is continuously going up. Natural gas and acidic components, such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide, cause significant corrosion damage to transmission lines and equipment in various quantities. One of the fundamental processes in natural gas processing is the separation of acid gases, among which the safety and environmental needs due to the high toxicity of hydrogen sulfide and also to prevent wear and corrosion of pipelines and gas transmission and distribution equipment, the necessity of sulfide separation Hydrogen is more essential than carbon dioxide and other compounds. Given this problem's significance, this endeavor aims to extend the lifespan of the transmission lines' pipes for gas and oil. Zinc oxide nanoparticles made from the environmentally friendly source of Allium scabriscapum have been employed to accomplish this crucial purpose. This is a simple, safe and cheap synthesis method compared to other methods, especially chemical methods. The formation of zinc oxide nanoparticles was shown by forming an absorption peak at a wavelength of about 355 nm using a spectrophotometric device and an X-ray diffraction pattern. The size and morphology of synthesized nanoparticles were determined by scanning and transmission electron microscope, and the range of size changes of nanoparticles was determined by dynamic light scattering device.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.356-361
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• 2008

Chrysanthemum indicum L. (Gamgug) has been examined to study their flowering habits, yields and bioactive compounds under different planting densities and mowing dates. The planting density experiment revealed a significantly increasing stem diameter, number of flowers and branches with decreasing plant density in the $100\;cm{\times}30\;cm$ and $130\;cm{\times}30\;cm$ treatments as compared to $70\;cm{\times}30\;cm$ treatments, but not plant height, leaf and flower width. On the other hand, the mowing date experiment showed that growth characteristics of plants were similar to the control plants (not mowing) and June 20 treatment, but July 20 treatments had significantly smaller than the control. The weights (g $plant^{-1}$) of dry flowers were affected by the planting density and mowing date. The flower yield of $586\;kg\;ha^{-1}$ obtained at $100\;cm{\times}30\;cm$ density was 11% and 22% higher than that of $120\;cm{\times}30\;cm$ and $70\;cm{\times}30\;cm$ treatments, respectively. The yield of dry flowers in the control and June 20 mowing date ranged $495-508\;kg\;ha^{-1}$, which is 40-42% higher than the yield in the July 20 treatments. The amount of essential oil (g $plant^{-1}$) in medically valuable flowerheads of C. indicum L. was statistically different between mowing dates but not among planting densities. The study showed that planting density and the mowing date could increase yields of flowerheads. An optimum planting density of $100\;cm{\times}30\;cm$ and mowing date of on or before June 20 is recommended for C. indicum L.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.217-225
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• 1995

한국산(韓國産) 식물자원(植輪資源)을 발굴(發掘)하여 약용(藥用) 또는 향료자원(香料資源)으로서의 활용을 목적으로 국내(國內)에서 자생(自生)하고 있는 쥐오줌풀 중 광릉쥐오줌풀 및 넓은잎쥐오줌풀과 세계시장에서 유통(流通)되고 있는 네팔산(産) 쥐오줌풀과의 유효성분(有效成分) 차리(差異)를 조사(調査)하였다. 정유성분(精油成分) 함량(含量)은 광증릉쥐오줌풀이 1.7%, 넓은잎쥐오줌풀과 네팔산(産) 쥐오줌풀에서는 각각 0. 82% 및 0. 83% 이었다. GC 및 GC-MS 분석에 의해 광릉쥐오줌풀의 정유(精油)에서 47종(種), 넓은쥐오줌풀에서는 21종(種) 그리고 네팔산(産) 쥐오줌풀에서는 25종(種)의 성분(成分)을 동정하였다. 확인된 성분들 증 광릉쥐오줌풀의 정유(精油)에서는 bornyl acetate(전체(全體) 정유(精油)의 33, 8%), camphene (10. 8%), cedrol (4. 1%) , ${\alpha}-pinene$(3. 2%), 분자양(分子量) 222의sesquiterpene alcohol(3%)이 주성분(主成分)이었고 넓은잎쥐오줌풀에서는 borneol (62. 5%), ${\beta}-sesquiphellandrene$(6.8%) , spathulenol (2. 1%) 그리고 네팔산(産) 쥐오줌풀에서는 borneol(74.3%), {\alpha}-elemene(2. 7%)$ 및 ${\beta}-sesquiphellandrene$(2.3%)이 주성분(主成分)이었다. 쥐오 줌풀의 약리효능(藥理效能)의 원인물질(原因物質)들 중 valeranone, valrrenal, $[\alpha}-kessyl\;acetate$는 넓은잎쥐오줌풀이나 네팔산(産) 쥐오줌풀보다는 광릉쥐오줌풀에 많이 함유되어 있었으며 kessoglycol diacetate는 세 시료 모두에서 검출(檢出)되지 않았다. Valepotriate계열(系列) 화합물의 함량(含量)은 네팔산(産) 쥐오줌풀이 광릉쥐오줌풀이나 넓은잎쥐오줌풀보다 많이 함유되어 있었고 광릉쥐오줌풀은 넓은잎쥐오줌풀에 비해 항산화첨성(抗酸化添性)이 높은 경향을 보였다.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.31-55
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• 1986

Generally, the development of shipping is characterized by the amount of traffic flow (traffic volume) and seaborne cargo in the sea. Movement of ships is an essential element of constructing the traffic flow which is represented the dynamic movement of ships in the sea, but on the other band the numbers of arriving and departing the port is the basic factor consisting of the static movement of ships. The amount of cargoes by coastal vessels and ocean trade vessels have increased tremendously with the great growth of the Korean economy these days. This increase of the seaborne cargoes has made the Korean coastal traffic flow so congested that this can be a cause of large pollution as well as great marine casualities such as a loss of human lives and properties . And also the future coastal traffic is expected to increase considerably according to our economic development and high dependence upon foreign trade. Under the circumstance, to devise the safety of coastal traffic flow and to take a proper step of a efficient navigation, there is a necessity for analyzing and surveying the coastal traffic trend and the characteristics of cargo movement. In order to grasp the dynamic movement of ships in the Korean coast, O/D analysis is executed. This paper aims to secure the basic data necessary for a comprehensive plan and estimation of vessel traffic management system for the enhancement of safety, order and efficiency of vessel traffic in the Korean coast. The analyzed results of the traffic flow and seaborne cargoes of the Korean coast are summarized as follows : 1) The congestion by the vessels occurred around the ports such as-in proportion of ship's number (proportion of tonnage) -Incheon 18.5%(14.8%), Pohang 5.9% (9.9%), Samil 5.2%(8.3%), Mokpo 8.6%(0.8%), Pusan 13.5%(36.4%), Ulsan 9.1%(16.2%). 2) It is found that the area adjacent to Incheon, Pusan, Ulsan, Channel of Hanryu and South-western area are heavily congested. 3) It is confirmed thatthe area adjacent to Incheon, Pusan, Ulsan, Channel of Hanryu and South-western area are heavily congested. 3) It is confirmed that the coastal vessels are main elements constituting the coastal traffic and that there are much traffic flow among five ports as following through the precise O/D analysis of ship's coastal movement. Incheon-Samil, Ulsan, Pusan, Jeju Pusan -Samil, Ulsan, Incheon, Jeju Pohang -Samil, Inchoen, Jeju Pohang -Samil, Incheon, Jeju Ulsan -Samil, Incheon, Jeju Samil -Ulsan, Pusan, Incheon 4) The amount of cargoes to abroad are in proportion about 81% of total and the amount of coastal cargoes are about 19%. Of those, cargoes in and out to Japan are about 26% and to South-east Asia are about 27%. 5) The chief items of foreign cargoes are oil(38.33%), iron ore(13.98%), bituminoous coal(12.74%), grain(8.02%), lumber(6.45%) in the import cargoes and steel material(21.96%), cement(17.16%), oil(6.81%), fertilizer(3.80%) in the export cargoes. 6) The 80.5% of total export cargoes and 92.4% of total import cargoes are flowed in five main ports. 7) The chief items of coastal cargoes are oil (42.45%), cement(16.86%), steel material (6.49%), anthracite(6.31%), mineral product(4.3%), grain, and fertilizer. Almost 92.24% of total import and export oil cargoes in Korea is loaded and unloaded at the port of Samil & Ulsan.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.375-386
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• 1995

This study was designed to investigate the changes in energy substrates, glucose and non-esterified fatty acid(NEFA), and fatty acid compositions in serum, following physiolgical stress in rats fed diets containing various fatty acids. Forty two Sprague-Dawley strain male rats, weighing 108$\pm$2.1g, were fed 3 different experimental diets for 4 weeks. The diets were composed of 105 fat(w/w) of either corn oil(CO;18:2 n6:57%), plant perilla oil(PO;18:3 n3:59%), or tuna fish oil(FO;20:5 n3:17%%, 22:6 n3:19%). After 4 weeks of feeding, each group wa subdiveided into (a) control, (b) 2 min swim in ice-cold water. Animals wer decapitated 20min after commencing the swim; trunk blood, brain, liver and epididymal fat pad were obtained. The levels of serum corticosterone, glucose, NEFA, triglyceride, fatty acid compositions, brain serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were determined. Basal levels of corticosterone na NEFA of serum were significantly lower in fish oil fed animals than those of any other oil fed animals. Compared to either perilla oil-fed or corn oil-fed rats, cold swim stress in fish oil fed rats produced significantly smaller NEFA and larger corticosterone responses. However, there was no significant difference in basal levels of serum glucose. Stress increased serum glucose levels slightly, and the amount of increment was larger in fish oil rats than those of any other oil fed rats than those of any other oil fed rats, although all the values were normal level. Dietary fats and stress did not affect serotonin metabolism. In additions, the composition of fatty acids in serum was significantly affected by the dietary compostion of fatty acids and stress. Stress induced decreases in monounsaturated fatty acid and non-polyunsaturated fatty acid concentration in either perilla oil fed or fish group, but did not in corn oil fed group. Stress resulted in changes in fatty acid metabolism similar to that associated with essential fatty acid(EFA) dificiency, when feeding animals n-3 fatty acids in diet. In conclusion, feeding fish oil was more effective to decrease NEFA in serum than feeding perilla oil or corn oil and improved lipid metabolism, when the rats were maintained in normal or exposed to stressful environment. However, the fact that feeding diet containing n-3 fatty acids decreased EFA status under stress suggests that the requirement of n-6 PUFA should be increased in these groups.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.586-591
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• 1993

지리산 싸리의 유리 아미노산, 총 아미노산 조성과 총 지방산 조성을 규명하기 위한 gas chromatography와 HPLC를 사용하여 분리 정량한 결과는 다음과 같다. 조지방 함량은 11.13%이고, 조단백질 함량은 5.18%로 조성되어 있다. 유리 아미노산의 총 함량은 433.14mg/100g으로 조성되어 있으며, 유리 아미노산 중에서 필수 아미노산의 총 함량은 94.84mg/100g으로 21.90%를 차지하고 있다. 총 아미노산의 함량은 3159.85mg/100g으로 조성되어 있으며, 총 아미노산중에서 필수 아미노산의 함량은 1068.18mg/100g으로 35.80%를 차지하고 있다. 총 지방산 조성은 $C_{18\;:\;2}$가 45.05%로 제일 많이 함유되어 있고, $C_{18\;:\;3}=18.71%,\;C_{19}=14.70%,C_{18\;:\;1}=6.81%,\;C_{16}=4.35%,\;C_{16\;:\;1}=1.59%$순으로 함유되고 있고, 탄소소 홀수 지방산이 14.70% 함유되어 있으며, 불포화 지방산이 72.44%이고, 필수 지방산은 63.76%를 차지하고 있는 결과로 볼 때 유지자원 및 사료의 자원으로 가치가 있다고 판단된다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.363-368
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• 2009

To fulfill the increasing demand for a high quality of flower, we investigated the effects of nitrogen application on plant growth, yield and bioactive compounds of Chrysanthemum indicum L.. C. indicum L. was cultivated in a pot scale, and nitrogen applied with the level of 0 (N0), 50 (N50), 100 (N100), 150 (N150), 200 (N200) and $300\;(N300)\;kg\;ha^{-1}$ to suggest optimum rate of nitrogen fertilization. Phosphate and potassium applied the same amount of $80-80\;kg\;ha^{-1}$ ($P_2O_5-K_2O$) in all treatments. Growth characteristics and yields of C. indicum L. were significantly affected by nitrogen application. Maximum yield achieved in 265 and $295\;kg\;ha^{-1}$ N treatment on the whole plant and the flower parts, respectively. The nitrogen content and uptake of whole plant significantly increased by the increase of nitrogen application. Five major components of essential oil, $\alpha$-pinene, 1,8-cineol, chrysanthenone, germacrene-D, and $\alpha$-curcumene in flowerheads of C. indicum L. occupied approximately 40% of peak area, germacrene-D decreased by the increase of nitrogen application among them. However, cumambrin A contents in the flower parts of C. indicum L. were affected negatively by the increase of nitrogen application, but total yields of cumambrin A in flower part significantly increased. Conclusively, nitrogen fertilization could increase the yield of flowerheads. The optimum application level of nitrogen fertilizer might be on the range of $265-295\;kg\;ha^{-1}$ in a mountainous soil.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.209-217
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• 2010

The volatile aroma of fresh leaves is one of main factor in taste of all the edible green plants. The volatile aroma in almost edible green leaves are suggested as essential oil compounds. Ligularia fischeri, Synurus deltoides, Ligularia fischeri var. spiciformis and Aster scaber are one of the favourable edible green plants in Korea. In this study, volatile aroma compounds from Ligularia fischeri and Ligularia fischeri var. spiciformis species were analyzed by the SPME/GC/MSD method. Ligularia fischeri had 78 volatile aroma compounds such as D-limonene(20.28%), ${\alpha}$-pinene(dextro, 14.15%), L-${\beta}$-pinene(12.85%), 3-carene, ${\beta}$-cubebene(10.39%), etc. Ligularia fischeri var. spiciformis had 83 volatile aroma compounds such as D-limonene(36.97%), ${\beta}$-cubebene(13.95%), L-${\beta}$-pinene(13.38%), ${\alpha}$-pinene(dextro, 4.76%), caryophylle-ne(3.33%) etc. Conclusively, the commom volatile aroma compounds in Ligularia fischeri and Ligularia fischeri var. spiciformis leaves were D-limonene, ${\alpha}$-pinene, L-${\beta}$-pinene, ${\beta}$-cubebene, Caryophyllene, ${\alpha}$-farnesene, terpinolen. However, the composition and amount of volatile aroma compounds were very different between the two species.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.2206-2211
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• 2012

아로마풋스파가 스트레스에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해, 스트레스를 가지고 있는 대학생 12명을 대상으로 대조군 6명, 아로마풋스파군 6명으로 나누었다. 대조군은 아무런 처치를 하지 않았으며, 아로마풋스파군은 주니퍼, 라벤더, 레몬 에센셜오일 5%를 이용한 족욕 10분과 마사지크림을 이용한 발마사지 10분을 주 2회 총 4주간 적용하였다. 평가방법은 뇌파를 검사함으로써 스트레스를 변화량을 측정하였다. 실험 전, 후의 뇌파변화를 측정한 결과, 아로마풋스파군의 Alpha파(Z=-2.364, p<.05)와 SMR파(Z=-1.981, p<.05)는 대조군에 비해 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 아로마풋스파군의 실험 전, 후의 비교에서는 Theta파(Z=-2.366, p<.05)의 수치는 감소하였고, Alpha파(Z=-2.371, p<.05)의 수치는 증가하였다. 즉, 에센셜오일을 이용한 족욕과 발마사지를 실시한 아로마풋스파는 Alpha파의 증가를 일으키고, 이는 근육의 이완으로 인한 혈액순환으로 뇌파에 변화를 주었음을 알 수 있다. 또한 SMR파가 증가함은 Alpha파의 변화와도 관계가 있음을 알 수 있는데 스트레스 완화로 인해 SMR파가 증가되었음 증명해 주고 있다. 따라서 아로마풋스파는 스트레스를 감소시키는데 효과가 있는 것으로 사료된다.