• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 1980

In order to identify the taste components of Kochuzang (red pepper paste), glutinous rice Kochuzang were prepared with addition of Saccharomyces rouxii and Torulopsis versatilis respectively. The nitrogen compounds were determined during the fermentation period at intervals and the amino acid components of 210 days aged glutinous rice Kochuzang were measured. Results are as follows; 1) The increment of amino-N and soluble-N of Kochuzang were increased remarkably during fermentation period untill 60 day but after that period, the increment was slowly changed. 2) Ammonia-N of Kochuzang was increased slowly during aging period but after that time, the amount was decreased slightly. 3) Amino-N ratio and Nitrogen solubility of 300 days aged Kochuzang were 23.71-25.38% and 54.12-56.19% respectively. 4) 17 Kinds of amino acid were identified at 210 days aged Kochuzang those were Lysine, Histidine, Arginine, Aspartic acid, Threonine, Serine, Glutamic acid, Proline, Glycine, Alanine, Valine, Methionine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Phenylalanine, Tryptophane and Tyrosine. 5) Total amino acids were 3.5-4.1% which consists of Glutamic acid, 0.95-1.05%, Aspartic acid, 0.63-0.65% and Serine, Proline, Alanine, Valine, Leucine were 0.22-0.28% respectively but Methionine, Histidine and Arginine were below 0.1%, and Tyrosine, Tryptophane and Phenylalanine existed in Kochuzang in small quantities.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.133-142
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• 1990

This study was attempted to compare the nutritive value of leaf with stem of the water cress Oenanthe stolonifera DC. in order to improve the eating habits and as a part of studying on the effective curing nutrients for the damaged liver. The contents of moisture crude proteinon the effective curing nutrients for the damaged liver. The contents of moisture crude protein crude fat and crude ash were 90.40% 2.85%, 0.42% and 0.74% in leaf while the contents of moisture crude protein crude fat and crude ash were 95.15% 0.77% 0.09%, and 0.64% of moisture crude protein crude fat and crude ash were 95.15% 0.77% 0.09% and 0.64% in stem respectively. The quantitative fractionation of proteini of both leaf and stem ranked albumin the highest content followed globulin prolamin and glutelin in order. It has been sh-own by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis that water extractable protein of leaf 11 bands but those of stem were not detected. The scope of molecular weight for the main protein of water extractable protein of leaf was between 34.700 and 45,000. The amounts of extractive-nitrogen from leaf and stem of the water cress were 241.02mg% and 271.67mg% respec-tively. The amounts of free amino acid-nitrogen from the leaf and stem were 89.02mg% and 32.02mg% respectively. In free amino acid-nitrogen from the leaf and stem were 89.02mg% and 32.02mg% respectively. In free amino acid composition of both leaf and stem the major components were aspartic acid and glutamic acid. In total amino acid composition of water cress leaf aspartic and glutamic acid were the major components. Whereas alanine and thr-eonine were the major components in stem The assessment of water cress leaf and stem with chemical score. EAAl Rl showed that the values of stem were lower tendancy than those of leaf. Limiting amino acid of leaf was tryptophan while that of stem was lysine.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.54-63
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• 2017

Atmospheric nitrogen containing organic compounds(e.g. amino acids) has attracted considerable attention from the viewpoint of the oceanic biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen as well as the long range transfer. However, only a few measurements of organic nitrogen compounds have been conducted due to analytical difficulties. In this study, total of nine amino acids such as Glutamic acid, Histidine, Arginine, Tyrosine, Cystine, Valine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Lysine have been analytically determined by Liquid Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry Mass Spectrometry (LC-MSMS). As results, Fragmentor Voltage (FV), Precursor Ion, Collision Energy, Product Ion related to individual amino acid compounds are shown. Based on the operational conditions, Lysine, Glutamine Acid, Tyrosine were analyzed during the China Oriented Smog Period. High concentrations of Lysine, Glutamine Acid, and Tyrosine are discussed with organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and water soluble ions. The results can provide to understand the sources with aging process related to amino acids influenced by the long-range transport from the Yellow Sea area.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.640-646
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• 2018

To determine whether there are differences in the food component characteristics of the cultured recessive small-sized abalone Haliotis discus hannai (SA; 30-40 each/kg) and middle-sized abalone (MA; 10-15 each/kg), the proximate compositions, fatty acid and total amino acid compositions of these two species were evaluated. Additionally, extraction methods were performed on the SA to asses the quality characteristics of the resulting. In terms of proximate composition, MA had lower moisture and carbohydrate levels and higher crude protein contents than SA. The total amino acid contents of MA and SA were 15,734.4 and 11,379.1 mg/100 g, respectively, the major amino acids were glutamic acid, aspartic acid, serine, glycine, alanine, leucine, arginine and lysine, and the major fatty acids were 16:0, 18:0, 18:1n-9, 18:1n-7, 20:4n-6, 20:5n-3, and 22:5n-3. The pH levels and total nitrogen and amino nitrogen contents of the hot-water extract (WE) and scrap enzyme hydrolysate (SE) samples from the SA were 6.32 and 6.05, 1.36% and 1.52%, and 342.1 and 403.1 mg/100 g, respectively. The extraction yields and free amino acid contents from SA were 1,317 and 440 mL/kg, and 8,721.1 and 9,070.7 mg/100 g, respectively, and the concentrations of major components were as follows: arginine, glycine, glutamic acid, alanine and lysine. Additionally, the complex extract (WE+SE) was superior to the traditional extract (WE) in terms of extraction yield, amino-nitrogen content, and organoleptic qualities but not odor.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.37-51
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• 1974

This Study was carried out to observe the effect of nutritional condition on the change of protein metabolism in the animal body by feeding on imbalanced protein diet. A total 242 growing male albino rats, weighing $115{\sim}120$ gm, were used for the experimental animals. The rats were fed on the standard diet(st), protein flee diet(pf) and imbalanced protein diet(ib) for twelve weeks respectively. Hemoglobin, packed cell volume in blood, and total nitrogen, amino acid nitrogen, urea-nitrogen, creatinine, transaminases(GPT, GOT) in liver and serum, and total nitrogen in small intestine, and total nitrogen, urea-nitrogen In small intestine, and total nitrogen, urea-nitrogen, creatinine, urea-nitrogen/creatinine ratio in urine were measured. The results obtained are as follows; 1. The gained body weight were lower in pf group and ib group than those of st group. The gained body weight fed for 12 weeks, were 80% lower in pf group than those of st group, and the body weight of pf group for $50{\sim}75$ days feeding were $40{\sim}60%$ decreased, compared with the stating weight, and then all of them died. 2. The change of the brain, liver, kidney, spleen and small intestine by feeding on imbalanced diet for 12 weeks were no remarkable difference with the starting weight, but those of protein free diet group were half or more decrease and those were significantly lower in spleen and small intestine especially than the other organ 3. The contents of hemoglobin in pf group for 8 weeks feeding, and the packed cell volume in pf group for 8 weeks feeding and in ib group for 12 weeks feeding were decreased. but those of the other feeding group were almost same value. 4. The total nitrogen in the liver, small intestine and serum of each diet group were no remarkable difference respectively. The contents of amino acid nitrogen in pf group for 2 and 6 weeks feeding were increased. 5. On transaminases: a) The cycle of increase and decrease of GPT activities were come periodically and the interval of cycle were fast in the early stage of feeding and slow there-after. b) The GPT activities were decreased gradually in pf group after feeding and those were increased in ib group for 6 weeks feeding but decreased there-after. The frequency of cycle were more GPT than GOT and specially those of GPT in early stage of feeding were two or three times while GOT was one. c) The interval of increase and decrease in GOT and amino acid nitrogen cycle were similar tendency. 6. The contents of total nitrogen, creatinine and urea-nitrogen of pf group in urine were decreased very sharply from sharting feeding to one week but increased dully from six weeks to eight weeks feeding. The contents of urea-nitrogen of ib group were increased dully by feeding on ten weeks but decreased by feeding on twelve weeks. From the above results, it is concluded that the trend of the metabolic change is maintained equally by homeostatic mechanism using the endogenous protein source during a certain period by imbalanced protein diet feeding. The homeostatic mechanism is come peridically, very fast in early stage of feeing and than slow there-after.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.75-79
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• 2009

Coenzyme $Q_{10}$ 고역가 변이주인 Agrobacterium tumefaciens KPU-11-03의 다양한 유기 질소원에 대한 coenzyme $Q_{10}$ 생산량과 coenzyme $Q_{10}$의 구성비율 등을 비교한 결과, CSP 첨가 시 coenzyme $Q_{10}$ 생산량은 212.7 mg/l, 구성비율은 94%로 다른 유기질소원에 비해 매우 높게 나타났다. 특히 Bacto tryptone, Bacto peptone, soybean meal, casamino acid 등의 유기 질소원 첨가 시에는 극히 낮은 coenzyme $Q_{10}$ 역가를 나타내어 균체내의 coenzyme $Q_{10}$의 축적은 유기 질소원의 종류 즉 아미노산의 종류 및 량과 상관성이 있음을 추정할 수 있었다. 또한 무기질소원에 대하여 실험한 결과, $(NH_4)_2SO_4$ 첨가 시에 coenzyme $Q_{10}$역가가 약 2배 증가하였고 다른 무기질소원에 사용 시에는 오히려 감소하였다. Coenzyme $Q_{10}$ 역가와 관련된 아미노산을 확인하기 위해 유기질소원으로 Bacto tryptone을 첨가한 배지에 9가지의 아미노산을 첨가하여 실혐한 결과, 방향족 아미노산인 tyrosine 첨가 시의 coenzyme $Q_{10}$ 생산량은 99.5 mg/l로 비첨가구보다 약 8.2배 증가하였으나 phenylalanine과 tryptophan등의 다른 방향족 아미노산의 첨가 시에는 coenzyme $Q_{10}$ 생산량이 오히려 감소하는 것으로 나타나 tyrosine의 첨가가 coenzyme $Q_{10}$ 역가에 매우 중요함을 확인하였다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 1971

1. 5섯가지 젖산균을 대두유에 접종배양 하여 산 생성도를 비교 하였드니 Str. thermophilus 와 Str. diacetilactis가 Str. lactis, Str. cremoris 및 L. bulgaricus보다 높았다. 2. 대두유와 탈지 분유를 7 : 3의 비로 혼합하여 젖산균 발효를 하였을 때에 침전물의 수획량이 가장 많고 또한 그의 단백질 함량이 가장 많으며 수분의 량이 적고 견고한 curd를 만들수 있음을 알았다. 3. 대두유와 탈지분유를 7 : 3의 비로 혼합한 것에 젖산균 starter로 Str. thermophilus를 첨가하고 Pen. caseicolum을 접종하여 제조한 치-즈를 3주간 숙성$(15^{\circ}C,\;RH:\;85{\sim}90%)$ 하였드니 숙성 7일째부터 Pen. caseicolum의 생육이 왕성하게 되며 pH가 상승함과 동시에 proteolytic activity는 14일째에 최고치에 도달하였다, 또 total water soluble nitrogen, water soluble protein nitrogen 및 amino-N도 숙성 7일째부터 증가하기 시작하여 숙성 21일째는 이들의 값이 각각 total nitrogen의 52%, 32% 및 14%에 이르렀다. 그리고 이차원 paper chromatography에 의하여 3주간 숙성한 치-즈에서 17종의 아미노산을 검출 하였다. 또 3주간 숙성한 후 제품의 일반성분 조성은 수분 63.2%, 조단백질 17.5%, 조지방 13.2%, 조회분 2.8% 및 식염 2.5%였다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.356-362
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• 1998

된장의 숙성기간을 예측하기 위하여 6개의 metal oxide sensor로 구성된 휴대용 전자코를 이용하였다. Aspergillus oryzae를 사용하여 담금한 된장은 각각 $15,\;20\;25^{\circ}C$에서 숙성시켰다. 전자코에 의한 감응도 변화량은 숙성기간에 따라 온도가 높아짐에 따라 크게 감소되었으며 센서 #3과 #4는 된장의 숙성정도와 기간간에 높은 상관관계를 보여주었다$(r^2=0.71{\sim}0.95)$. 그리고 숙성기간중 생성되는 아미노태질소와 전자코의 감응도 변화간에도 상관관계를 나타내어 휴대용 전자코로 된장의 숙성기간을 예측할 수 있었다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.348-355
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• 2013

오징어 젓갈에 오징어 먹즙을 2% 및 4% 농도로 첨가하고 $10^{\circ}C$에서 8주일간, $20^{\circ}C$에서 32일간 숙성시키면서 아미노태 질소와 근육단백질 변화를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 오징어 먹즙이 첨가되지 않은 오징어 젓갈의 아미노태 질소는 식염 농도가 낮고 숙성온도가 높을수록 숙성 후반까지 계속 유의성 높게 증가하여 숙성이 촉진되었으며 오징어 근육의 단백질 변화는 myosin heavy chain이 숙성 초반에 현저히 분해되지만 actin의 변화는 거의 없어서 protease에 강하였다. 오징어 먹즙을 첨가한 오징어 젓갈의 아미노태 질소 함량은 숙성후반까지 계속 증가하였으나 증가폭은 무 첨가군에 비하여 적었으며 오징어 근육 단백질 중 myosin heavy chain은 숙성 중반에 현저히 분해되었으며 식염농도가 높고, 온도가 낮은 먹즙 첨가군은 분해 속도가 느렸다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.867-873
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• 2015

유기자재의 토양 중 질소 무기화 특성을 구명하기 위해 유박(CF-I, CF-II), 아미노산(AAF-I, AAF-II)을 각각 처리하여 28주간 항온시험을 실시하였다. 항온기간 동안 누적 질소 무기화량을 1차 반응 속도식(first-order kinetics)에 적용하여 잠재적 질소무기화량($N_0$)를 평가 한 결과 AAF-II에서 27.71 N mg/100g로 가장 높았으며, CF-I에서 21.69 N mg/100g로 가장 낮았다. 그리고 잠재적 순질소무기화량($N_0$ treatment - $N_0$ control)은 CF-I, CF-II, AAF-I, AAF-II 처리에서 각각 2.55, 5.83, 3.66, 8.57 N mg/100g으로 나타났으며, 28주 동안 실제 질소무기 화량의 97.3-112.9%에 해당되었다. 특히 유박, 아미노산을 처리한 토양의 유기태 질소의 무기화 반감기($t_{1/2}$)는 17-21일로 유박과 아미노산 비료에 포함된 질소는 3주 이내에 무기화되는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 유기농업에 이용되는 유박과 아미노산에 함유된 질소의 1/2는 3주 이내에 모두 무기화되는 것으로 나타났다.