• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2012

Objectives : The aim of this study is to analyze satisfaction with clinical training in the department of oriental rehabilitation medicine and the related factors. Methods : All the students in the graduating class of school of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University must be trained for 2 weeks in the department of oriental rehabilitation medicine according to clinical training guideline including Objective Structured Clinical Examination(OSCE) and Clinical Performance Examination (CPX). After completing clinical training, we distributed questionaries to them about a reflex of the object of study, usefulness, difficulty, satisfaction and preference. And then, we analyzed the related factors including descriptive statistics, frequency analysis and correlation analysis by SPSS 18.0. Results : In general, a reflex of the aim of study($7.88{\pm}1.31$), satisfaction with contents($8.17{\pm}1.20$) and difficulty($5.53{\pm}0.99$) were evaluated respectively. The better a reflex of the aim of study is, the higher satisfaction with contents is(P<0.01, r=0.836). Chuna was highly estimated, whereas pharmacopuncture was not. In OSCE, a reflex of the aim of study($8.07{\pm}1.07$) and usefulness($8.13{\pm}1.16$) were highly evaluated. The preference for physical examination of the lumbar spine was highly estimated, whereas applying splint was not. Facilities and equipment($7.88{\pm}1.11$), contents of clinical training($7.25{\pm}1.79$), the handout($7.00{\pm}1.59$) and time scheduling($5.48{\pm}1.71$) were evaluated respectively in general composition of clinical training. There is no difference related to specialty, sex and age among students. Conclusions : Clinical training program in the department of oriental rehabilitation medicine can be highly estimated from the viewpoint of difficulty and satisfaction.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.784-790
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• 2018

Objective: The genetic effects of an individual on the phenotypes of its social partners, such as its pen mates, are known as social genetic effects. This study aims to identify the candidate genes for social (pen-mates') average daily gain (ADG) in pigs by using the genome-wide association approach. Methods: Social ADG (sADG) was the average ADG of unrelated pen-mates (strangers). We used the phenotype data (16,802 records) after correcting for batch (week), sex, pen, number of strangers (1 to 7 pigs) in the pen, full-sib rate (0% to 80%) within pen, and age at the end of the test. A total of 1,041 pigs from Landrace breeds were genotyped using the Illumina PorcineSNP60 v2 BeadChip panel, which comprised 61,565 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. After quality control, 909 individuals and 39,837 markers remained for sADG in genome-wide association study. Results: We detected five new SNPs, all on chromosome 6, which have not been associated with social ADG or other growth traits to date. One SNP was inside the prostaglandin $F2{\alpha}$ receptor (PTGFR) gene, another SNP was located 22 kb upstream of gene interferon-induced protein 44 (IFI44), and the last three SNPs were between 161 kb and 191 kb upstream of the EGF latrophilin and seven transmembrane domain-containing protein 1 (ELTD1) gene. PTGFR, IFI44, and ELTD1 were never associated with social interaction and social genetic effects in any of the previous studies. Conclusion: The identification of several genomic regions, and candidate genes associated with social genetic effects reported here, could contribute to a better understanding of the genetic basis of interaction traits for ADG. In conclusion, we suggest that the PTGFR, IFI44, and ELTD1 may be used as a molecular marker for sADG, although their functional effect was not defined yet. Thus, it will be of interest to execute association studies in those genes.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.67-78
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• 2018

Objectives The purpose of this study is to carry out a survey on satisfaction for Korean medicine treatments in traffic injury patients. Methods Satisfaction survey was carried out on the 237 traffic injury patients who had been treated by Korean medicine treatments in Department of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine, Wonkwang University Gwangju Medical Center from February, 2017 to August, 2017. The questionnaire form of preceding study was used to assess the satisfaction degree of patients. All data were coded by SPSS v20.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) and analysed by descriptive maneuver, x2-test, T-test and correlation. Results Among the 237 cases, the first hospital to be selected for traffic injury treatment was Korean medicine hospital in 91 cases. And 97 patients were transferred from the western medicine hospital. The main reason for choosing Korean medicine hospital was that the patients prefer Korean medicine treatments than western medicine treatments. 85.2.% of patients answered that their symptoms were improved, and 75.1% of patients answered that they were satisfied with Korean medicine treatments. The satisfaction degree of cupping treatment and acupuncture was relatively high, but the degree of Herbal medicine and physical treatment was relatively low. There were no statistically significant differences in satisfaction degree with sex and age. The satisfaction degree, improvement of symptoms, intention to revisit and intention to recommend was significantly correlated each other. Conclusions The degree of improvement of symptoms and The satisfaction degree were revealed relatively high. Additional and repetitive studies are needed to understand the patient's position and improve the quality of Korean medicine treatments for traffic accident patients.

• 시큐리티연구
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• 제41호
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• pp.123-151
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• 2014

이 연구에서는 민간경비원을 대상으로 직무착근도가 이중몰입에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 실증적 분석을 통해 그 결과를 살펴보았다. 먼저 독립변인으로 직무착근도를 선정하였고, 직무착근도는 적합성, 연계, 희생의 세 가지 하위요소로 구분하였다. 그리고 종속변인으로 이중몰입(조직몰입, 경력몰입)을 선정하였고, 통제변인으로 성별, 연령, 학력, 근무기간, 소득을 선정하였다. 다중회귀분석결과 직무착근도의 세 가지 구성요소인 적합성, 연계, 희생은 조직몰입과 경력몰입에 각각 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 자신의 조직 및 직무에 대해 잘 맞는다고 지각하고, 조직 내 구성원들과 연결되어 있는 정도가 높으며, 조직을 떠날 경우 잃게 되는 심리적 또는 물질적 편익에 대한 지각비용이 클수록 이중몰입이 높음을 알 수 있다. 하지만 통계적으로 유의미한 것으로 나타난 변인들을 모두 포함시켜 각 변인들을 서로 통제하도록 하였을 때, 조직몰입 모형에서는 연계의 효과는 사라졌고 적합성과 희생이 통계적으로 유의미한 효과를 나타내었다. 그리고 경력몰입 모형에서는 적합성과 연계의 효과는 사라졌고, 희생이 통계적으로 유의미한 효과를 나타내었다. 따라서 직무착근도의 구성요소 중 적합성과 희생이 가장 중요한 요소임을 알 수 있다. 이상의 결과에서 살펴보았듯이 직무착근도(적합성, 연계, 희생)는 민간경비원들의 이중몰입(조직몰입, 경력몰입)에 긍정적인 영향을 미치므로 조직차원에서 직무착근도를 증진시키기 위한 방안을 마련할 필요성이 있는데, 이를 위해 적합성과 관련하여서는 신규채용단계에서 조직에 적합한 구성원을 선발하고 채용 이후에는 질 높은 교육훈련이 이루어져야 할 것이며, 연계와 관련하여서는 조직 내 친목회, 정례회, 모임 등과 같은 제도를 활성화할 필요성 있으며, 희생과 관련하여서는 근무여건, 인센티브, 복지혜택 수준을 점진적으로 증진시킬 필요성이 있다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.500-504
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• 2003

목 적: 소아의 가와사끼병에서 급성기 항염치료는 고용량의 IVIG와 경구용 아스피린의 병합투여가 일반적으로 사용되고 있다. 이러한 초기 항염치료에 반응을 보이지 않은 경우에는 IVIG의 추가투여나 스테로이드가 사용될 수 있으며 발열기간과 입원기간이 길어질 수 있다. 관련인자로서 환자의 나이, 성별, 발열-치료 간격과 백혈구수, CRP 등이 연관될 수 있다는 보고가 있었다. 저자들은 이러한 초기 치료실패에 임상적 또는 검사소견상의 관련인자가 있는가를 알아보기 위해 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 1997년 6월부터 2002년 6월까지 만 5년간 원광대학교병원 소아과에서 가와사끼병으로 입원하여 치료받았던 177명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적으로 조사하였다. 1회의 투여로 반응을 보이지 않은 군(A군, n=19)과 반응을 보였던 대조군(B군, n=158)에서 나이와 성별, 발열에서 입원까지의 기간(hr)을 비교하였다. 입원 당시와 발병 6주째에 백혈구수와 혈소판, ESR, CRP, AST/ALT, ASO치, 소변검사, 관상동맥 심초음파 검사를 시행하여 비교하였다. 통계적 비교는 chi-square와 t-test를 이용하였다. 결 과 : 초기치료에 반응하지 않은 환아는 177례 중 19례(10.7%)였다. 나이와 성별, 백혈구수, 농뇨, 관상동맥의 이상에서는 두 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 재치료군에서는 발열-입원 기간(hr)이 유의하게 짧았으며(P=0.041), AST/ALT치의 동반 상승(P=0.011), ASO치의 상승(P=0.000)이 관찰되었다. 결 론 : 백혈구수와 ESR, CRP의 증가나 AST, ALT가 따로 상승한 경우, 농뇨의 존재 여부에서는 재치료율과 관계가 없었다. 반면에, 발열-입원 기간이 짧았던 경우와 AST/ALT의 동시상승, ASO치 상승군에서 재치료율이 유의하게 높았다. 향후, AST/ALT치와 ASO치의 관련성에 대한 추가적인 연구가 더 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1537-1544
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• 2015

Meat and carcass quality attributes are of crucial importance influencing consumer preference and profitability in the pork industry. A set of 400 Berkshire pigs were collected from Dasan breeding farm, Namwon, Chonbuk province, Korea that were born between 2012 and 2013. To perform genome wide association studies (GWAS), eleven meat and carcass quality traits were considered, including carcass weight, backfat thickness, pH value after 24 hours (pH24), Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage lightness in meat color (CIE L), redness in meat color (CIE a), yellowness in meat color (CIE b), filtering, drip loss, heat loss, shear force and marbling score. All of the 400 animals were genotyped with the Porcine 62K SNP BeadChips (Illumina Inc., USA). A SAS general linear model procedure (SAS version 9.2) was used to pre-adjust the animal phenotypes before GWAS with sire and sex effects as fixed effects and slaughter age as a covariate. After fitting the fixed and covariate factors in the model, the residuals of the phenotype regressed on additive effects of each single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) under a linear regression model (PLINK version 1.07). The significant SNPs after permutation testing at a chromosome-wise level were subjected to stepwise regression analysis to determine the best set of SNP markers. A total of 55 significant (p<0.05) SNPs or quantitative trait loci (QTL) were detected on various chromosomes. The QTLs explained from 5.06% to 8.28% of the total phenotypic variation of the traits. Some QTLs with pleiotropic effect were also identified. A pair of significant QTL for pH24 was also found to affect both CIE L and drip loss percentage. The significant QTL after characterization of the functional candidate genes on the QTL or around the QTL region may be effectively and efficiently used in marker assisted selection to achieve enhanced genetic improvement of the trait considered.

• 보험의학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.88-95
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• 1984

In Korea, life insurance policies are sold to the policy holders by insuring either the insureds undergo a medical examination at a clinic or the insureds' report their history of diseases ever experienced that replaces the medical examination. This study aimed to measure the level of death rates for the insureds between those who received medical examination and those who did not receive medical examination, and to examine differences of the rates in terms of the insureds' characteristics such as age, sex, cause of death and duration. A total number of 32,358 insureds were selected for the population of this study from the D. Life Insurance Company located in Seoul City. Out of the 32,358 insureds, 2,997 received medical examination and the rest of 29,381 did not received any medical examination. Results of analysis are summarized as follows: 1. Death rate per 100,000 insureds for the all was 19.3 in the first year, 96.3 in the second year, 143.8 in the third year 93.4 in the fourth year. For the group of medical examination received, the rate was zero in the first year, 41.3 in the second year, 55.4 in the third year and 268.8 in the fourth year, and for the group of non-medically examined the rate was 21.3 in the first year, 101.9 in the second year, 152.2 in the third year and 76.8 in the fourth year. The levels of death rates between the insureds with medical examsination and the inureds without medical examination were non-significant in the differences by duration except the levels of the third year, which indicated the death rate of non-medically examined group was higher than that of the medically examined group. 2. 73.0 per cent of the total deaths observed during the insured period were caused by various diseases and the rest of 27.0 per cent deaths were due to accidents. For the group of medical examination received, 55.6 per cent deaths were caused by diseases, and for the group of nonmedically examined, 74.7 per cent of deaths were due to diseases. 3. cancer was the most frequent cause which accounted for 22.0 per cent of the total deaths. Proportion of deaths due to cancer from the group of medical examination received was 22.2 per cent, and the corresponding rate for the group of non-medically examined also showed high rate of 22.0 per cent.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권17호
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• pp.7169-7174
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• 2014

Background: NPAS2 is a product of the circadian clock gene. It acts as a putative tumor suppressor by playing an important role in DNA damage responses, cell cycle control and apoptosis. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) appears to be an apoptosis related disorder and alteration in the NPAS2 gene might therefore be directly involved in the etiology of CLL. Here, the Ala394Thr polymorphism (rs2305160:G>A) in the NPAS2 gene was genotyped and melatonin concentrations were measured in a total of seventy-four individuals, including thirty-seven CLL cases and an equal number of age- and sex-matched healthy controls in order to examine the effect of NPAS2 polymorphism and melatonin concentrations on CLL risk in a Pakistani population. Materials and Methods: Genotyping of rs2305160:G>A polymorphism at NPAS2 locus was carried out by amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR). Melatonin concentrations were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences software. Results: Our results demonstrated no association of the variant Thr genotypes (Ala/Thr and Thr/Thr) with risk of CLL. Similarly, no association of rs2305160 with CLL was observed in either females or males after stratification of study population on a gender basis. Moreover, when the subjects with CLL were further stratified into shift-workers and non-shift-workers, no association of rs2305160 with CLL was seen in either case. However, significantly low serum melatonin levels were observed in CLL patients as compared to healthy subjects (p<0.05). Also, lower melatonin levels were seen in shift-workers as compared to non-shift-workers (p<0.05). There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the melatonin levels across NPAS2 genotypes in all subjects, subjects with CLL who were either shift workers or non-shift-workers. General Linear Model (GLM) univariate analysis revealed no significant association (p>0.05) of the rs2305160 polymorphism of the NPAS2 gene with melatonin levels in any of the groups. Conclusions: While low melatonin levels and shift-work can be considered as one of the risk factors for CLL, the NPAS2 rs2305160 polymorphism does not appear to have any association with risk of CLL in our Pakistani population.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제62권5호
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• pp.536-544
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• 2019

Objective : The objective of this study was to evaluatelong-term radiologic prognosis and characteristics of in-stent stenosis (ISS) after stent assisted coiling (SAC) for cerebral aneurysm and analyze its risk factors. Methods : Radiological records of 362 cases of SAC during 10 years were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were included in this study if they had follow-up angiogram using catheter selected angiography at least twice. All subjected were followed up from 12 months to over 30 months. Of 120 patients, 123 aneurysms were enrolled. Patient data including age, sex, aneurysm size, neck size, procedural complication, kinds of stent, ISS associated symptom, ruptured state, location of ISS, degree of ISS, radiologic prognosis of ISS, follow-up period of time, and medical comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipidemia, and smoking were collected.Statistical comparisons of group clinical characteristics were conducted for the total population. Results : Among 123 casesof aneurysm, 22 cases (17.9%) of ISS were revealed on follow-up angiography. Multiple stenting was performed in three cases and intra-procedural rupture occurred in two cases. Most cases were asymptomatic and symptomatic stenosis was identified in only one case. Sixteen cases were ruptured aneurysm. Mild stenosis was observed in 11 cases. Moderate stenosis was found in eight cases and severe stenosis was identified in three cases. Mean timing of identification of ISS was 8.90 months. The most common type was proximal type. Most cases were improved or not changed on follow-up angiography. Only one case was aggravated from mild stenosis to occlusion of parent artery. Mean follow-up period was 44.3 months. We compared risk factors and characteristic between ISS group and non-ISS group using univariate analysis. Multiple stenting was performed for three cases (13.6%) of the ISS group and four cases (4.0%) of the non-ISS group, showing no statistical difference between the two groups (p=0.108). Additionally, the proportion of patients who had more than two risk factors among four medical risk factors (hypertension, DM, dyslipidemia, and smoking) was higher in the ISS group than that in the non-ISS group, the difference between the two was not statistically significant either (31.8% vs. 12.9%, p=0.05). Conclusion : Clinical course and long-term prognosis of ISS might be benign. Most cases of ISS could be improved or not aggravated. Control of medical co-morbidity might be important. To the best of our knowledge, our study had more cases with longer follow-up period of time than other reports.

• 대한감각통합치료학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.36-45
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• 2022

목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 국내에서 개발된 아동감각처리척도(Sensory Processing Scale for Children)를 사용하여 일반발달 아동과 감각처리문제 아동의 감각처리 능력을 비교하여 판별타당도를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 연구대상자는 3-5세의 일반발달 아동 68명과 감각처리문제 아동 83명의 보호자로 총 151명을 대상으로 하였다. 연구 참여에 동의한 아동의 보호자에게 연구의 목적과 방법을 설명한 후 연구목적, 동의서, 아동감각처리척도(Sensory Processing Scale for Children), 단축감각프로파일(Short Sensory Profile), 일반적 특성 문항을 포함한 설문지를 발송 또는 전달하여 자료를 수집하였다. 분석방법은 아동감각처리척도(Sensory Processing Scale for Children)의 판별타당도를 알아보기 위해 성별을 공변량으로 하여 공분산분석을 실시하였다. 결과 : 연구결과 일반발달 아동과 감각처리문제 아동의 감각처리능력의 차이는 공변량인 성별의 영향(F=6.663, p=.807, partial =η².000)을 받지 않은 것으로 나타났으며, 두 군에서 감각처리능력에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다(F=37.629, p=.000). 아동감각처리척도(Sensory Processing Scale for Children)의 감각영역에서 총점과 모든 감각 영역에서 감각처리문제 아동이 일반발달 아동보다 평균점수가 낮았으며, 고유감각(p=.097) 영역을 제외하고 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 아동감각처리척도(Sensory Processing Scale for Children)의 감각 요소에서 감각과민반응, 감각저반응, 그리고 감각구별 요소에서 감각처리문제 아동과 일반발달 아동은 통계적으로 유의미한 차이(p=.000)가 있었으나 감각찾기 요소는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다(p=.112). 결론 : 아동감각처리척도(Sensory Processing Scale for Children)는 감각처리문제 아동을 선별할 수 있는 판별타당도가 있는 도구로 제시할 수 있으며, 앞으로 임상 환경에서 감각처리의 문제를 선별하거나 분석, 해석, 그리고 중재계획 시 사용할 수 있으리라 생각한다.