• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.51-55
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• 1997

To utilize the alkaline protease produced by Halomonas sp. ES-10 as an enzyme detergent, the crude enzyme was obtained by methanol precipitation and lyophilization. And it was processed to coated enzyme.The best mixing ratio of components such as coated enzyme, builders, actives, fillers and adjuvants on detergency was examined, and temperature and pH influencing detergency were also tested. Detergency test 0.15% detergent solution was carried out on EMPA test cloth #116 with shaking(90 rpm) for 10 min after 30 min of pretreatment. The detergent which contained coated-enzyme 1%, Zeolite 4A 20%, Tween 80 1. 5%, sodium borate 30%, sodium meta silicate 7.5% and water 40% showed about 90% of washing efficiency at 40$\circ $C and pH 10.0.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.269-272
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• 2000

The flow accelerated galvanic corrosion characteristics of a carbon steel coupled to stainless steel were investigated in deaerated alkaline-chloride solutions as a function of flow velocities(0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 m/s), pH(8, 9, and 10) and temperature(25, 50 and $75^{\circ}C$). The electrochemical properties of specimens were investigated by potentiodynamic test and galvanic corrosion test using RCE(Rotating Cylinder Electrode). Carbon steel did not show passive behavior in the alkaline-chloride solution. The galvanic current density increases with increasing flow velocity and temperature, but decreased with increasing pH. Flow velocity had a small effect on the galvanic current density at $25^{\circ}C$, whereas the flow velocity increased galvanic current density significantly at $50^{\circ}C$ and $75^{\circ}C$. This might be due to the increased solubility of magnetite at the higher temperature.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.113-116
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• 1997

The hydrogel process is a different form of ultrafiltration and has been used to separate biological molecules. In this study, the gel pore size was predicted by pulse NMR technique and neural network using a database obtained from gel filtration chromatography and diffusion experiment. Recombinant alkaline phosphatase expressed in insect cells was concentratred 1.5 times by hydrogel ultrafiltration by swelling at 2$0^{\circ}C$ and collapsing at 35$^{\circ}C$ at 53-65% separation efficiency and 78-83% enzyme recovery. Wild and recombinant Autographa californica unclear polyhedrosis viruses (AcNPV) were also concentrated 1.4 and 1.6 times of the feed solution at 48.5 and 60.0% separation efficiency, respectively Hydrogel ultrafiltration appears to be an attractive alternative for the concentration of AcNPV and recombinant proteins from insect cells.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.18-25
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• 2004

In this study, the effect of microwave which can increase temperature rapidly on polyester alkaline dyeing was investigated. The final K/S values of polyester fabrics dyed by microwave lower than those of atmospheric dyeing because of the evaporation loss of dyeing solution. If the dyeing time makes longer as much as that in atmospheric dyeing, the K/S values of polyester fabrics dyed under microwave were similar to those of atmospheric dyeing. The K/S values of polyester fabrics dyed in pH 9.5 were higher than those in pH 5.5 in case of aliphatic carriers. The K/S values of organic reagent pretreated polyester fabrics dyed by use of aromatic carriers were not higher than those of non-treated polyester fabrics. But the K/S values of polyester fabrics dyed by use of aliphatic carriers were higher than those of non-treated polyester fabrics. The tensile strength were decreased with increasing of dyebath pH because the polyester fabrics were easily decomposed by high alkali.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.109-114
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• 1993

Black magnetite film could be formed on Invar steel for shadows mask by iron electroplating in thickness of 0.46~0.63$\mu\textrm{m}$ on Invar steel and subsequent oxidation of iron by immersion in strongly alkaline soution for 30~60 minutes. blackness degreed of magnetite oxide film on Invar was C20BL90 in comparision of color chart of Dainippon Ink & Chemicals Inc. Co. and adhesion test showed excellent adhesion of oxide film on substrate. Magnetite oxide film grew up on iron in hot strongly alkaline solution according to 'Sato-Cohen' oxide film growth model.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.77-80
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• 2006

Chloromethylated polysulfone(CMPSf) and a number of mono- and diamine compounds were used to prepare anion-exchange membranes(AEMs) and an ionomer binder solution. The properties of the AEMs were investigated such as $OH^-$ conductivity, water content and dimension stability. Chloromethylation and amination of PSf were optimized in terms of the properties. Membrane-electrode assemblies were fabricated using anion-exchange membranes and the ionomer binder for solid alkaline fuel cells and direct borohydride fuel cells.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.41-48
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• 1999

The removal of hemoglobin from acrylic acid grafted Nylon fabrics has been investigated. In order to change detergency of Nylon 6 fabric, acrylic acid(AA) were graft copolymerized on Nylon fabric using ammonium persulfate(APS) as a initiator, and then acrylic acid grafted Nylon was treated with NaOH solution. The graft ratio increased linearly with increasing acrylic acid concentration. The graft ratio was the highest when the concentration of APS was 0.05%, and it decreased as the concentration of APS increased. The surface of Nylon fabric became rough due to graft. Moisture regain was increased by graft and alkaline treatment, contact angle was also improved compared with the ungrafted. The hemoglobin was easily solubilized and removed from grafted Nylon fabric, while it was difficult to remove hemoglobin from ungrafted Nylon fabric. The effects of graft on removal of hemoglobin was related with increase of moisture regain and transformation of COOH to COONa by alkaline treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.273-281
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• 2010

Nickel recovery method was studied by the wet process from the catalyst used in hydrogenation process. Nickel content in waste catalyst was about 16%. At the waste catalyst leaching system by the alkaline solution, selective leaching of nickel was possible by amine complex formation reaction from ammonia water and ammonium chloride mixed leachate. The best leaching condition of nickel from mixed leachate was acquired at the condition of pH 8. LIX65N as chelating solvent extractant was used to recover nickel from alkaline leachate. The purity of recovered nickel was higher than 99.5%, and the whole quantity of nickel was recovered from amine complex.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.643-646
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• 1997

Thermal stability of a red pigment, carthamin, frm Carthamus tinctorius was investigated to explore possible applications as natural color additives for foods, cosmetics, and nutraceuticals. Degree of degradation reactions of carthamin at acidic, neutral and alkaline conditions were determined with UV/V is spectral measurements. Decomposition half lives of carthamin at 25.deg. C were 4.0 h, 5.1 h, and 12.5 h at pH 5.0, pH 7.0, and pH 12.0, respectively, indicating that carthamin is much more stable at alkaline pH than acidic or neutral conditions. The activation energies of carthamin at pH 5.0, pH 7.0, and pH 12.0 were 15.6, 15.7 and 16.8 kcal/mol, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.85-86
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• 2013

Weakness of fine powder of blast furnace slags includes the decrease of initial intensity and delay of setting time. To solve this problem, there has been research on the alkali activation to induce hardening using alkaline chemical. However, the use of chemicals is dangerous and not cost effective, which can be solved by using recycled aggregates, one of construction wastes. The role of alkali activator can be substituted by alkali of non-hydrated cement included in recycled aggregates. In this study, the alkaline value of recycled aggregates will be evaluated through the comparison of molarity of sodium hydroxide (NaOH).