• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2012

Alignment of the main plates during the tack welding is essential to block assembly since most of the curved blocks and outfitting parts are assembled on the jigs and fixtures. Tact welding of main plates is the initial process of the curved hull block assembly. Due to the heavy weight of the main plates it is difficult to locate the plate on the accurate position of the jig and fixtures before welding. The conventional masonry process requires much time and manual work in order to achieve the accurate alignment. This labour-intensive process results in relatively high errors and correction works. Due to their larger dimensions and heavier weights, these hull blocks are not ergonomically desirable and, therefore, various mechanical devices such as hydraulic balancers or hydraulic jigs are used for the plate alignment. In this study, the position-sensing scheme implemented by sensors is presented in order to align the main plates on the accurate position during the hull block assembly. Integrating the Infrared photo sensors and micro processor unit, a small scaled prototype of the position-sensing module is developed to determine the alignment of main plates.

• 분석과학
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.395-400
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• 2013

얇은 유리판 위에서 자동적으로 정렬되는 인지질 분자의 정렬도에 대한 수분 및 항균성 펩타이드의 효과를 고체 핵자기 공명 분광법을 이용하여 조사하였다. 순수한 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphotidylcholine (POPC) 인지질 만을 유리판 위에서 정렬시킬 때에는 직접적인 물의 투입 없이 95% 상대 습도에서 수일간 수화시키는 것만으로 충분했다. 하지만, protegrin-1 (PG-1)과 같은 항균성 펩타이드가 혼합되어 있는 인지질의 경우에는 95%의 상대 습도에서 수일간 수화시키는 것과 약간의 물을 시료에 직접 투입하여 수화시키는 것이 크게 달라진다는 것을 확인하였다. 충분한 양의 물이 투입되었을 때, 지질 이중막 위에서 인지질 분자들의 표면 움직임이 매우 활발하였다. 순수한 POPC 분자들이 얇은 유리판 위에서 정렬되는 시간에 비해 항균성 펩타이드가 혼합되어 있는 경우에는 POPC 분자들이 평형상을 이루어질 때까지는 상당한 시간이 필요함을 확인하였다.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.126-131
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• 2009

Wrap-around 전계효과 트랜지스터는 채널과 전극간의 커플링을 매우 커서 채널길이가 짧아지면서 생기는 단채널효과(short channel effect)를 개선시킬 수 있는 이유로 많은 관심을 불러왔다. 본 논문에서는 실리콘 나노와이어를 이용하여 상향식의 wrap-around 전계효과 트랜지스터(FET)의 제작 공정을 소개한다. 소자의 제작 공정은 크게 전자빔 리소그래피, 유전영동(dielectrophoresis)을 이용한 나노와이어의 효과적 정렬 그리고 게이트 전극의 전기 화학적 도금(electrochemical deposition)을 이용한 생성 등의 방법들로 이루어진다. 전기 화학적 도금을 위한 용액은 독성을 띄지 않는 유기물 용액을 사용하였다. 액체 질소를 이용하여 polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)가 전기화학적 도금시 형태를 잃지 않게 함으로써, 패터닝된 PMMA가 wrap-around 게이트 나노구조를 제작하기 위한 나노 템플릿으로 사용될 수 있도록 하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권8호
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• pp.3925-3942
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• 2016

Like natural climate change on the planet earth, the climate in software development environments is also changing (fast). Like the natural weather, the software environment is also disruptive. As the climate experts alert and suggest taking necessary measures to overcome certain challenges to make this earth a safer and comfortable living place, likewise this article also alerts the relevant stakeholders of software craftsmanship about the dynamic challenges that traditional Software Engineering (SE) with purely "Engineering mind-set" is not capable to respond. Hence, some new thoughts to overcome such challenges are shared. Fundamentally, based on the historical evidences, this article presents the authors' observation about continuous shift from traditional "Engineering-based" software development approaches to disruptive approaches - "Vibrant Softology". The authors see the cause of this shift as disruptive transformational force, which is so powerful that it is uncontrollably diminishing the "Engineering-based" approach from software development environments. The authors align it with climate change analogy. Based on this analogy, the authors feel the need to theoretically re-coin the notion of SE to some new term; perhaps Vibrant/Dynamic Softology (VS or DS). Hence, the authors suggest "a new (disruptive and dynamic) way of thinking is required to develop software". It is worth mentioning that the purpose of article and this new theory is not to disparage the notion of software engineering altogether, rather the aim is to highlight the importance of transformation from SE to its next level (perhaps VS/DS) due to the emerging needs in the software craftsmanship environment.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.329-342
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• 2017

In this paper, the dispersion characteristics of elastic waves propagation in sandwich nano-beams with functionally graded (FG) face-sheets reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is investigated based on various high order shear deformation beam theories (HOSDBTs) as well as nonlocal strain gradient theory (NSGT). In order to align CNTs as symmetric and asymmetric in top and bottom face-sheets with respect to neutral geometric axis of the sandwich nano-beam, various patterns are employed in this analysis. The sandwich nano-beam resting on Pasternak foundation is subjected to thermal, magnetic and electrical fields. In order to involve small scale parameter in governing equations, the NSGT is employed for this analysis. The governing equations of motion are derived using Hamilton's principle based on various HSDBTs. Then the governing equations are solved using analytical method. A detailed parametric study is conducted to study the effects of length scale parameter, different HSDBTs, the nonlocal parameter, various aligning of CNTs in thickness direction of face-sheets, different volume fraction of CNTs, foundation stiffness, applied voltage, magnetic intensity field and temperature change on the wave propagation characteristics of sandwich nano-beam. Also cut-off frequency and phase velocity are investigated in detail. According to results obtained, UU and VA patterns have the same cut-off frequency value but AV pattern has the lower value with respect to them.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2003년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.301-301
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• 2003

In current study, Nanocomposites are reinforced with carbon nanofiber, carbon nanotube and SiC, etc. Since the nano reinforcements have the excellent mechanical, thermal and electrical properties compared with that of existing composites, it has lately attracted considerable attention in the various areas. Cu have been widely used as signal transmission materials for electrical electronic components owing to its high electrical conductivity. However, it's size have been limited to small ones due to its poor mechanical properties. Until now, strengthening of the copper alloy was obtained either by the solid solution and precipitation hardening by adding alloy elements or the work hardening by deformation process. Adding the alloy elements lead to reduction of electrical conductivity. In this aspect, if carbon nanofiber is used as reinforcement which have outstanding mechanical strength and electric conductivity, it is possible to develope Cu matrix nanocomposite having almost no loss of electric conductivity. It is expected to be innovative in electric conducting material market. The unidirectional alignment of carbon nanofiber is the most challenging task developing the cooer matrix composites of high strength and electric conductivity. In this study, the unidirectional alignment of carbon nanofibers which is used reinforced material are controlled by drawing process and align mechanism as well as optimized drawing process parameter are verified via numerical analysis. The materials used in this study were pure copper and the nanofibers of 150nm in diameter and of 10∼20$\mu\textrm{m}$ in length. The materials have been tested and the tensile strength was 75MPa with the elongation of 44% for the copper. it is assumed that carbon nanofiber behave like porous elasto-plastic materials. Compaction test was conducted to obtain constitutive properties of carbon nanofiber Optimal parameter for drawing process was obtained by analytical and numerical analysis considering the various drawing angles, reduction areas, friction coefficient, etc. The lower drawing angles and lower reduction areas provides the less rupture of co tube is noticed during the drawing process and the better alignment of carbon nanofiber is obtained.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2004년도 Asia Display / IMID 04
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• pp.899-902
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• 2004

The molecular reorientations and surface morphologies of rubbed films formed from atactic polystyrene (PS) samples with various molecular weights were investigated in detail. Previously unknown surface topography features were newly discovered in rubbed films, depending on molecular weights: submicroscale groove-like meandering structures composed of fine-grooves like pebbles in tens nanometers are present, oriented perpendicular to the rubbing direction. The vinyl main chains, however, were preferentially reoriented along the rubbing direction and the planes of the phenyl side groups were preferentially reoriented perpendicular to the rubbing direction with para-directions that were positioned nearly normal to the film plane. Nematic liquid crystal (LC) molecules were found to always align on the rubbed PS surfaces along the orientation direction of the submicroscale grooves generated by rubbing.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.338-338
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• 2009

To date, rubbing has been widely used to align LC molecules uniformly. Although rubbing can be simple, it has fundamental problems such as the generation of defects by dust and static electricity, and difficulty in achieving a uniform LC alignment on a large substrate. Therefore, noncontact alignment has been investigated. Ion beam induced alignment method, which provides controllability, nonstop process, and high resolution display. We investigated the high pretilt angle effects on electro-optical properties of ion beam (IB)-irradiated liquid crystal cells. on a blended polymer surface. High pretilt angle of liquid crystals IB-irradiated on a blended polymer surface including such as 5% and 10% of homeotropic polymer contents can' be achieved. The threshold voltages of IB-irradiated twisted nematic (TN) cells on a blended polymer surface decrease with increasing the pretilt angle. Also, the rising time of IB-irradiated TN cells decreases with increasing the pretilt angle. However the decay time of IB-irradiated TN cells increases with increasing the pretilt angle. Consequently, the electro-optical properties of IB-irradiated TN cells depend strongly on the pretilt angle in a blended polymer surface.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.310-320
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• 2000

Statement of the problem. The record base in fabricating procedures of the complete denture, as a temporary form for reproducing denture base, is used to record upper and lower jaw relation and to align artificial teeth and try-in it in the mouth. The accuracy of jaw relation record is affected by the accuracy, stiffness and stability of the record base. So, the accuracy of record base is the most important requirements of jaw relation records. Purpose of study. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the gap that occurred over the palatal area of a maxillary record base fabricated with autopolymerizing resin and light-curing resin. Methods/material. The maxillary record bases were fabricated out of autopolymerizing resin that is used the most frequently in clinics and light-curing resin that attracts special attention for its several merits. The light-curing resin was made by two kinds of polymerization methods, which are one step curing method and multiple step curing method. All record bases were cut in certain positions of the master cast 1 hour and 1 day later after fabrication and the accuracy of the master cast was measured and analyzed with a microscope. Results. A pattern of gap formation between the record base and the maxillary cast was observed in all specimens. According to kinds of resins, autopolymerizing resin was significantly more accurate than light-curing resin. There was no statistical difference according to time lapse, and in all three groups, the maximum discrepancy occurred at the posterior border in the mid-palatal region. Conclusion. The autopolymerizing resin is better than light-curing resin, and multiple step curing method is more accurate than one step curing method when using light-curing resin.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2018

Recently people are trying to lead their life with meaning and value, and people are oriented to value consumption as the values they pursue can be realized through consumption. Consumer demand on value consumption had an effect on Korean wedding culture and 'value consumption wedding culture' which emphasizes the value of marriage, is on the rise as a new wedding custom. Accordingly, Korean wedding market is more segmented and diversified for individual customization to create value. Especially, wedding dress evidently reflects the tendency of value consumption as it gives special meaning for brides. As a result, suggestion and development of detailed design elements of wedding dress to meet the various needs of customers are needed. Therefore, this study has the purpose of investigating the required value of wedding dress aligned with the characteristics of value consumption wedding culture through in-depth interviews and how the intrinsic value of consumers is shown up to a particular design element through investigating on the relationships between design elements. In addition, the study provides a direction for specialized and high-valued wedding dress design development by suggesting wedding dress design aligned with the new trend based on the analysis of detailed design elements that reflects the value.