• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.6-11
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• 1991

This study deals with investigation of the ethanol tolerance of yeast strains with respect to fatty acid composition and intracelluar ethanol concentration during alcohol fermentation. The cell viabilities and fermentation abilities of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Kluyveromyces fragilis were improved by aeration and addition of unsaturated fatty acids into growth medium. Aeration decreases the accumulation of ethanol, while increases unsaturated fatty acid contents inside yeast cells. Thus it was found that oxygen and unsaturated fatty acids play decisive roles in the increase of ethanol tolerance of yeasts.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2004

Objective:Nitric oxide(NO) has been known to be associated with tolerance and preference to alcohol. It has also been known to affect various alcohol drinking behavior, alcohol withdrawal symptoms and alcohol- induced brain damage. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference, among alcohol dependence group, alcohol drinking group and abstinence group, in serum concentration of nitrite, a stable metabolite of NO, and it's relationship to clinical and biochemical markers of alcoholism. Methods:Forty subjects diagnosed as alcohol dependence according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria were evaluated for the clinical characteristics and biochemical markers of alcohol dependence including nitrite with their CIWA-Ar scores checked just after admission. Thirty-nine healthy controls were also evaluated, divided into twenty-three alcohol drinking group and sixteen abstinence group. Clinical characteristics were evaluated by CIWA-Ar, CAGE and AUDIT questionnaires. Aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyltransferase(GGT) and mean corpuscular volume(MCV) were used as the biochemical markers of alcohol dependence. Serum nitrite concentrations were measured by Griess reaction. Results:1) The concentrations of nitrite in alcohol dependence patients were not different from those in the control subjects. 2) There were no significant association between the nitrite concentrations and the CIWA-Ar scores in alcohol dependence patients. 3) Nitrites are significantly increased in alcohol dependence group and alcohol drinking group compared with abstinence group. Conclusions:These findings suggest that serum nitrite concentration has no relation with alcohol withdrawal symptoms, but alcohol drinking increases serum nitrite concentration influenced by general condition of the body.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.186-198
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• 2000

Objectives : This experiment was conducted to verify the effects of some oriental herbs(Alny Cortex et Ramulus, Artemisiae Capillaris Herba, Aurantii Nobilis Pericarpium, Giseng Radix, Hoveniae Semen, Puerariae Flos, Puerariae Radix, and Xanthii Fructus) which have been used in the treatment of alcoholic diseases, on alcoholic metabolism, and on alcoholic liver damage. Methods : The effects of the herbs on the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH), aldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH) were evaluated and their protective effects of liver function and cells from alcoholic damage were analysed. For the evaluation of the protective effects, the levels of glucose, triglyceride, BUN, AST, and ALT in serum of rats were measured. Results and Conclusions : It is concluded that Puerariae Radix interferes with the ADH activity directly, thereby reducing the toxicity of alcohol, resulting in enhancing alcohol-tolerance and protecting liver functions. Also Artemisiae Capillaris Herba interferes both ADH and ALDH activities. Isolation of the biologically active compounds from Puerariae Radix and its detailed characterization are matters for future research.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.889-898
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• 2016

This study was to evaluate the characteristics of bread and the rheology of flour dough containing sugar alcohols, after addition of fructose. In the farinogram tests, the addition of sugar alcohol changed the stability and mixing tolerance index. The stability and mixing tolerance index of farinogram increased as the amount of sugar alcohols increased. Amylograms revealed that the increase in gelatinization temperature and maximum viscosity of wheat flour dough with sugar alcohols was more than that of controls. Extensogram of dough with sugar alcohols exhibited higher extensibility and resistance. After fermentation treatment, the dough volumes prepared with only sorbitol and xylitol were lesser than those prepared after addition of fructose. The volume of loaf and specific volume of bread containing sugar alcohols with fructose significantly increased. The breads containing sugar alcohols showed greater taste, flavor and texture scores, for breads prepared with either sorbitol with fructose or xylitol with fructose, compared to breads without fructose. Overall preference scores by sensory evaluation of bread containing sugar alcohols with fructose were higher than bread with only sugar alcohols. These results indicate that the addition of fructose improves the flavor of bread containing sugar alcohols.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.173-179
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• 2003

The combination of a radiation technique with an in vitro culture system was appiled to develop submergence tolerant rice. The 3,000 $M_3$ lines with an average 80 percent of fertile grain were utilized for the selection of submergence tolerance. Salt tolerant lines were selected based on high plant height, root length and root number after submergence in plastic pots. Of the lines tested, the tolerant line (403-6) showed a dramatic difference in morphological traits under submergence compared to its original variety (Dongjinbyeo). It was suggested that genetic variations between the original variety and $M_3$-403-6 did exist. The levels of $\alpha$-amylase and alcohol dehydrogenase activities were significantly increased in the mutant line compared to its original variety. The mutant with greater tolerance showed less electrolyte leakage indicating a greater membrane integrity and better survival. Also, this line was much more resistant to a salt stress of $1.25\%$ than the original variety. The proline level of the line was significantly (p<0.01> higher than that of the original variety. The relationships between the inhibition of growth caused by stress and the physiological changes in the plant cell were discussed.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.425-429
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• 2002

Saccharomyces cerevisiae KNU5377 was examined to assay the recovering capacity against heat and other stressors. Along with a particular fermentation ability that is able to produce ethanol even at high temperature such as $40^{\circ}C$ with a comparable rate to the fermentation at $33^{\circ}C$, this strain also exhibited higher viability than a reference strain owing to its own thermotolerance that conferred the survival after the severe heat shock at $60^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes. Furthermore, this strain showed outstanding tolerances against $H_2O_2$, ethanol and some chemical compounds. But, especially due to the thermotolerance, this strain has been suspected of other species of yeast. However, ITS (internally transcribed spacer) 1 and 2 sequencing data confirmed this strain was a typical strain of S. cerevisiae. The outstanding tolerances to various environmental stressors Indicate this S. cerevisiae KNU5377 is enough to use both as an on-site potential strain for world-wide alcohol fermentation industry and as a model strain for researches into the routes to acquire the tolerance to various stressors.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.172-176
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• 1989

Saccharomyces cerevisiae STV89와 Kluyveromyces fragilis CBS397의 에탄올 내성에 대한 산소와 불포화 지방산의 첨가 영향을 연구하기 위한 알콜발효를 수행하였다. 실험결과 통기에 의하여 세포성장과 에탄올 생성속도가 촉진되어으며, 세포와 에탄올 생성량도 크게 증가되었다. 특히 균주의 비교에서 cell의 최대 비성장 속도와 에탄올 생성 속도가 S.cerevisiae의 경우 1.7배와 2.3배 증가하였지만, K. fragilis인 경우 6.4배와 4.4배가 증가하여 K. FRAGILIS가 에탄올 생성 및 cellgrowth를 위하여 S. cerevisiae보다 산소가 더 필수적인 요인으로 작용한다. 또한 S. cerevisiae와 K. fragilis 모두 ergosterol, linoleic acid 및 oleic acid의 첨가에 의하여 cell growth와 에탄올 형성이 향상되었다. 따라서 산소와 불포화 지방산은 효모의 에탄올 내성 증가에 중요한 요인으로 작용함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.52-64
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• 2023

100 different yeast colonies were isolated from spontaneously fermented kiwis, persimmons, apples, pears, watermelons, grapes, grape fruits, peachs, and plums, and selected yeast strains were used to produce kiwi-persimmon mixed wine (KPMW). Among the isolates, five representative strains exhibited tolerance to sucrose, alcohol, pH, and potassium metabisulfite when compared with the control yeast strain (Saccharomyces cerevisiae KCCM 12615). All five yeast strains (Y4, Y10, Y28, Y78, and Y81) exhibited 99% 26S rDNA sequence similarity to S. cerevisiae. The pH, acidity, Brix, reducing sugar, alcohol, and organic acid contents were consistent in KPMW prepared from the S. cerevisiae KCCM 12615 and Y28 strains. KPMW made from the Y4, Y10, and Y28 strains exhibited lower quantities of free sugars than those of the KPMW made from the other yeast strains. The level of ethyl esters in KPMW prepared from the Y28 was higher than that in the other KPMWs. All strains, except for Y28, produced lower concentrations of sulfur and ketone compounds. Furthermore, the KPMW produced by the Y28 strains had total phenolic contents with 1.1 g/L, with DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of 57.06% and 55.62%, respectively, and a FRAP assay value of 0.72. Our results suggest that Y28 is a promising yeast strain for producing high-quality wines.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.540-546
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• 2023

IoT는 관련 기술의 발전으로 인해 사용범위가 넓어졌으며 다양한 서비스의 구현을 위한 수요를 충족하기 위해 다양한 센서가 개발되고 보급되었다. 센서를 이용한 알코올 농도의 측정은 음주운전 방지에 활용할 수 있으며 이를 가능하게하기 위해서는 정확한 알코올 농도를 측정하고 스마트폰에서 서버로 안전한 전송을 보장하여야 한다. 또한 측정한 알코올 농도 값을 음주 수준을 판단하는 기준값으로 변환하는 과정이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 센서를 사용하여 알코올 탐지기술을 적용한 음주측정기기에서 수집한 알코올 농도 정보를 보정 알고리즘을 통해 수치를 변환하고 원격지에 위치한 서버에 안전하게 전송하고 관리하는 시스템을 제안하고 구현한다. 원격지 서버와의 보안은 네트워크 계층의 SSL을 적용하여 데이터의 무결성과 기밀성을 보장하도록 하였으며 서버는 수신된 정보를 암호화하여 데이터베이스에 저장하여 추가적인 보안을 제공하도록 하였다. 알코올 농도 측정의 정확성, 통신의 효율성을 분석한 결과 에러 허용치 내에서 측정되고 전송되는 것을 확인하였다.

• 에너지공학
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.184-189
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• 2003

본 논문은 Indolene-Methanol Plus Higher Alcohols(MPHA)의 연료 특성에 관한 연구로서, 연료의 물성치를 측정하여 조사하였다. 특히 연료의 물성치 중에서 증류특성, 발열량, 인화점, 비중 및 내수성 등을 조사하여 나타내었다. 이때 알콜의 농도는 청정 Indolene의 용적에 따라서 0 에서부터 100%까지 변화하였다. 연료 물성치 측정에서 Indolene-MPHA 혼합물들이 일반적으로 Indolent-Methanol 혼합물과 비교해서 높은 내수성, 유사한 비중과 인화점, 서로 다른 증류특성을 가지고 있음을 알 수 있다. 여기에서 혼합물 물성치 중 상당수는 실제 값과 비교하여 성분들의 중량비를 사용하여 계산하였다.